Leishmaniasis is a disease with ample clinical spectrum and epidemiological diversity and is considered a major public health problem. This article presents an overview of the transmission cycles, host-parasite interactions, clinical, histological and immunological aspects, diagnosis and treatment of various forms of the human disease.
Keywords:
Leishmaniasis; Protozoan Infections; Review
Source: Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leishmaniasis_life_cycle_diagram_en.svg)
| Tegumentary leishmaniasis | Visceral leishmaniasis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Localized cutaneous | Disseminated cutaneous | Mucosal | Diffuse cutaneous | |
| L. (V.) braziliensis | L. (V.) braziliensis | L. (V.) braziliensis | L. (L.) amazonensis | L. (L.) infantum (syn. chagasi) |
| L. (V.) guyanensis | L. (L.) amazonensis | L. (L) amazonensis* * Less frequent species. | ||
| L. (L.) amazonensis | L. (L.) guyanensis* * Less frequent species. | |||
| L. (V.) lainsoni* * Less frequent species. | ||||
| L. (V.) naiffi* * Less frequent species. | ||||
| L. (V.) shawi* * Less frequent species. | ||||
| L. (V.) lindenbergi* * Less frequent species. | ||||
Modified from: Ministério da Saúde.