BASIC WOOD DENSITY, FIBER DIMENSIONS, AND WOOD CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FOUR Eucalyptus SPECIES PLANTED IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

DENSIDADE BÁSICA DA MADEIRA, DIMENSÕES DAS FIBRAS E COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DA MADEIRA DE QUATRO ESPÉCIES DE Eucalyptus PLANTADAS NO SUL DO BRASIL

ABSTRACT

In the Brazilian planted forest sector, most of the species used are from the genus Eucalyptus. Even though Southern Brazil has a suitable climate for species of the genus Pinus, the planting of frost-resistant Eucalyptus species has been increasing annually. The objective of this study was to evaluate the basic density, fiber dimensions, and chemical composition of Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus saligna, and Eucalyptus cloeziana woods. The trees used were from a six-year-old experimental plantation located in Canoinhas, state of Santa Catarina. For each species, three trees were selected, and discs were removed from each tree at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the commercial stem height. To evaluate the quality of the wood, the basic wood density, fiber dimensions, and chemical composition of the wood were determined by comparing the values between species and between the heights in the stem. The highest basic density was that of the wood of E. cloeziana; this species also had the greatest length and width of fibers. E. dunnii had the lowest levels of lignin and the highest levels of holocellulose. The highest lignin content was found in the wood of E. benthamii, E. saligna, and E. cloeziana. The relationship between wood properties and stem height was not relevant. The results highlight the tendency for higher extractives to be found at taller heights (100%), and holocellulose and lignin content are similar at all heights.

Keywords:
Basic density; Fibers; Wood chemistry