Improving osteoarticular characterization in magnetic resonance imaging: the role of simulated computed tomography sequences

Abstract

Increasing tissue contrast for bone assessment on magnetic resonance imaging has been the aim of several recent studies, and various techniques have been proposed for that purpose, including ultrashort echo time sequences, zero echo time sequences, and gradient echo sequences in various acquisition forms. In this article, we discuss the fast field echo resembling a computed tomography using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) sequence, which we have started to use routinely in our practice. The FRACTURE sequences are based on the acquisition of gradient echo sequences with different echo times and specific postprocessing. Gradient echo sequences are widely available on magnetic resonance imaging scanners, which is an advantage for the use of a FRACTURE sequence. However, being more susceptible to metal artifacts, a FRACTURE sequence is of limited utility in patients with metallic implants or medical devices. The aim of this article is to illustrate the use of FRACTURE sequences in various contexts, including osteoarticular infection, inflammatory arthropathy, bone tumors, fractures, and crystal deposition diseases.

Keywords:
Magnetic resonance imaging; Multidetector computed tomography; Bone and bones; Joints