Burnout Syndrome in Oncology Nursing Professionals: Cross-Sectional Study

Garcia, Aline de Jesus; Santos, André da Silva dos; Santos, Claudeone Vieira; Ferreira, Matheus dos Santos; Pimentel, Magno Merces Weyll

doi:10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2024v70n4.4983

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Cancerol. 70 (4) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2024v70n4.4983 linkcopy

Burnout Syndrome in Oncology Nursing Professionals: Cross-Sectional Study

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) included Burnout Syndrome (BS) as an occupational disease. BS is a response to chronic stress in the workplace, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of BS among oncology nursing professionals, identify factors associated with BS, and describe the epidemiological, work, and lifestyle profile of these professionals.

Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach at the High Complexity Oncology Center of Bahia. The sample consisted of 110 nursing professionals. Data collection included a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), adapted to Portuguese. Data analysis was performed with SPSS, including descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis.

Results: The prevalence of BS among participants was 21.8%, 45.5% presented moderate emotional exhaustion, 67.3%, high depersonalization and 51.8%, reduced personal accomplishment. Variables associated with BS included alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, dissatisfaction with the job, poor working conditions and lack of physical activity.

Conclusion: BS is moderate among oncology nursing professionals, with a high prevalence in the dimensions of depersonalization and low personal accomplishment. Associated factors include poor working conditions and inadequate lifestyle. Strategies to improve support for professionals and working conditions are necessary to mitigate this reality.

Key words:
Burnout, Psychological/epidemiology; Oncology Nursing; Occupational Health

Sectors	Frequency	Percentage
Intensive care unit	32	29.1
Unit of hospitalization	23	20.9
Onco-hematological hospitalization unit	7	6.4
Chemotherapy	25	22.7
Radiotherapy	7	6.4
Hemodialysis	4	3.6
Emergency care	12	10.9
Total	110	100.0

BS presence	Frequency	Percentage
No	86	78.2
Yes	24	21.8
Total	110	100.0

Dimensions	n (%)			Points mean	Standard deviation
Dimensions	Low	Moderate	High	Points mean	Standard deviation
EE	23 (20.9)	50 (45.5)	37 (33.6)	24.1	7.55
DP	2 (1.8)	34 (30.9)	74 (67.3)	11.0	2.66
RPF	7 (6.6)	46 (41.8)	57 (51.8)	32.47	5.18

Variables		n (%)	RPFa (95% CI)d	P
Socio-demographic
Sex (n=110)
	Male	8 (7.3)	1.00 0.86 (0.24-3.02)	0.79d
	Female	102 (92.7)	1.00 0.86 (0.24-3.02)	0.79d
Age (n=110)
	Up to 35 years-old	43 (39.1)	1.00
	36 years-old and over	67 (60.9)	0.54 (0.26-1.10)	0.08c
Race/Color (n=110)a
	Non-black	40 (36.4)	1.00
	Black	70 (63.6)	0.80 (0.39-1.63)	0.54c
Place of residence (n=110)
	Center	65 (59.1)	1.00
	Periphery	45 (40.9)	0.86 (0.41-1.80)	0.07c
Lifestyle
Physical activity routine (n=110)
	Yes	59 (53.6)	1.00 1.92 (0.92-4.02)	0.073c
	No	51 (46.4)	1.00 1.92 (0.92-4.02)	0.073c
Alcohol consumption (n=110)
	No	73 (66.4)	1.00
	Yes	37 (33.6)	2.33 (1.15-4.68)	0.01c
Smoking (n=110)
	No	107 (97.3)	1.00
	Yes	3 (2.7)	1.55 (0.30-8)	0.64d
Healthy diet (n=110)
	Yes	73 (66.4)	1.00
	No	37 (33.6)	2.76 (1.36-5.61)	0.003c *
Work
Professional Category (n=110)
	Nurse	41 (37.3)	1.00
	Nursing technician	69 (62.7)	0.59 (0.29-1.19)	0.14c
Satisfaction with the current occupation (n=110)
	Yes	97 (88.2)	1.00
	No	13 (11.8)	3.73 (2.0-6.9)	0.001d *
Working time in oncology (n=110)
	Up to 4 years	30 (27.3)	1.00
	5 years and over	80 (72.7)	0.62 (0.30-1.27)	0.20c
Other employment (n=110)
	No	93 (84.5)	1.00
	Yes	17 (15.5)	1.44 (0.62-3.33)	0.42d
Working condition stability (n=110)
	Stable	100 (90.9)	1.00
	Unstable	10 (9.1)	3.33 (1.72-6.42)	0.007d *
Rest break (n=110)
	Yes	84 (76.4)	1.00
	No	26 (23.6)	0.85 (0.35-2.05)	0.71c
Aggression at work (n=110)
	No	80 (72.7)	1.00
	Yes	30 (27.3)	1.90 (0.95-3.81)	0.07c
Night shift (n=110)
	No	45 (40.9)	1.00
	Yes	65 (59.1)	0.96 (0.47-1.98)	0.93c
Ventilation condition (n=110)
	Satisfactory	66 (60.0)	1.00
	Precarious	44 (40.0)	1.07 (0.52-2.19)	0.85c
Temperature condition (n=110)
	Satisfactory	64 (58.2)	1.00
	Precarious	46 (41.8)	1.39 (0.68-2.81)	0.35c
Lighting condition (n=110)
	Satisfactory	92 (83.6)	1.00
	Precarious	18 (16.4)	1.70 (0.78-3.69)	0.22d
Technical resources and equipment (n=110)
	Satisfactory	86 (78.2)	1.00
	Precarious	24 (21.8)	2.56 (1.30-5.02)	0.008c *
Personal Protective Equipment (n=110)
	Satisfactory	104 (94.5)	1.00
	Precarious	6 (5.5)	1.57 (0.47-5.18)	0.50d
Collective Protective Equipment (n=110)
	Satisfactory	96 (87.3)	1.00
	Precarious	14 (12.7)	2.28 (1.09-4.76)	0.063d

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[1] Captions:

[TFN2a] BS = Burnout syndrome.