In combat sports, the rapid weight loss is a strategy often used for the purpose of gaining an advantage over the opponent. In this process, the weight reduction is extremely sharp in a short period of time, which can cause a variety of physiological or psychological disorders, as well as a decreasing on sports performance. Therefore, this review aims to compile the main findings about the adverse effects due to rapid weight loss, in order to give a scientific base for professionals involved with combat athletes. Several studies have shown a large number of athletes who engage in programs for this purpose, repeating this procedure several times throughout life. However, potential risks to health caused by this practice usually are not taken into account. Based on the studies presented, the rapid weight loss should be carefully evaluated by physical educators, physicians, nutritionists and other health care professionals, considering the various adverse effects that this practice can result. It is important to remember that the preservation of the integrity and welfare of the athletes involved may be a determinant factor to decide a combat.
Combat sports; Martial arts; Physiological disorders; Psychological disorders
