Barreras para la práctica de la actividad física y marcadores de adiposidad en estudiantes universitarios

Quijano Duarte, Sergio Alejandro; Mantilla Toloza, Sonia Carolina; Martínez Torres, Javier; Jaimes Guerrero, Carlos Alberto

doi:10.1590/rbce.44.e012321

Brazil

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Esporte 44 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/rbce.44.e012321 linkcopiar

Barreras para la práctica de la actividad física y marcadores de adiposidad en estudiantes universitarios

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

El objetivo del estudio fue establecer asociación entre barreras para la práctica de actividad física y marcadores de adiposidad en universitarios. A través de un estudio transversal, se realizó valoración antropométrica, se aplicó encuesta de datos sociodemográficos y cuestionario de percepción de barreras para la práctica de la actividad física en 211 estudiantes. Las barreras más frecuentes son falta de tiempo, de energía y de voluntad. Se encontró mayor valor en indicadores de adiposidad en hombres y asociación entre las barreras falta de tiempo, de habilidades y miedo a lastimarse, con un mayor índice de masa corporal. Como conclusión, se encontró relación entre barreras para la actividad física y marcadores de adiposidad, aspectos relevantes en las estrategias de promoción de actividad física y control de peso.

Palabras-clave:
Antropometría; Motivación; Sobrepeso; Actividad física

	Physioterapy	Occupational Theraphy	Total
*Age* $\bar{x}$ [SD]	21.80 [2.55]	22.73 [2.79]	22.23 [2.70]
*Sex*	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Male	15 (13.2%)	13 (13.4%)	28 (13.3%)
Female	99 (86.8%)	84 (86.6%)	183 (86.7%)
*Marital status*
Single	107 (93.9%)	88 (90.7%)	195 (92.4%)
Free Union	4 (3.5%)	7(7.2%)	11 (5.2%)
Married	3 (2.6%)	2 (2.1%)	5 (2.4%)
*Health scheme*
Contributed	33 (28.9%)	25 (25.8%)	58 (27.5%)
Subsidised	69 (60.5%)	62 (63.9%)	131 (62.1%)
Special	12 (10.5%)	10 (10.3%)	22 (10.4%)
*Stratum*
1	38 (33.3%)	33 (34.0%)	71 (33.6%)
2	41 (36.0%)	39 (40.2%)	80 (37.9%)
3 or more	35 (30.7%)	25 (25.8%)	60 (28.4%)
*Barriers*
Lack of time
No	42 (36.8%)	26 (26.8%)	68 (32.2%)
Yes	72 (63.2%)	71 (73.2%)	143 (67.8%)
Social influence
No	83 (72.8%)	63 (64.9%)	146 (69.2%)
Yes	31 (27.2%)	34 (35.1%)	65 (30.8%)
Lack of energy
No	46 (40.4%)	32 (33.0%)	78 (37.0%)
Yes	68 (59.6%)	65 (67.0%)	133 (63.0%)
Lack of free will
No	36 (31.6%)	29 (29.9%)	65 (30.8%)
Yes	78 (68.4%)	68 (70.1%)	146(69.2%)
Fear of getting hurt
No	109 (95.6%)	94 (96.9%)	203(96.2%)
Yes	5 (4.4%)	3 (3.1%)	8 (3.8%)
Lack of skills
No	99 (86.8%)	80 (82.5%)	179 (84.8%)
Yes	15 (13.2%)	17 (17.5%)	32 (15.2%)
Lack of resources
No	78 (68.4%)	58 (59.8%)	136 (64.5%)
Yes	36 (31.6%)	39 (40.2%)	75 (35.5%)

	Body mass index		Waist to height ratio^* * For the waist-height index it was expressed to three decimal places due to the characteristics of the indicator.		Waist circumference
	Female $\bar{x}$ $(S D$ )	Male $\bar{x}$ $(S D$ )	Female $\bar{x}$ $(S D$ )	Male $\bar{x}$ $(S D$ )	Female $\bar{x}$ $(S D$ )	Male $\bar{x}$ $(S D$ )
TOTAL	24.5 (4.5)	25.9 (4.6)	0.506 (0.063)	0.516 (0.065)	80.2 (10.2)	88.6 (11.8)
*Marital status*
Single	24.2 (4.4)	25.7 (4.5)	0.502 (0.063)	0.511 (0.061)	79.5 (10.2)	88.0 (11.6)
Free union	25.3 (4.2)	32.7	0.540 (0.037)	0.648	85.8 (7.2)	105.0
Married	30.4 (4.6)	NA	0.586 (0.046)	NA	92.4 (9.2)	NA
Program
Physiotherapy	24.2 (4.7)	26.8 (4.3)	0.498 (0.069)	0.528 (0.056)	78.9 (10.7)	90.9 (10.1)
Occupational Therapy	24.7 (4.3)	24.9 (4.9)	0.517 (0.054)	0.502 (0.074)	81.8 (9.5)	86.0 (13.5)
Stratum
1	24.2 (4.2)	25.3 (4.1)	0.499 (0.064)	0.502 (0.066)	79.7 (10.4)	86.3 (13.5)
2	24.2 (5.1)	24.1 (3.5)	0.508 (0.066)	0.497(0.044)	79.5 (10.4)	84.8 (8.1)
3 or more	25.1 (4.0)	29.1(5.3)	0.514 (0.059)	0.558 (0.075)	81.8 (9.8)	96.4 (11.8)
Barriers Lack of time
No	23.4 (3.6)	24.5 (5.9)	0.496 (0.058)	0.501 (0.068)	78.1 (9.2)	86.7 (12.1)
Yes	24.9 (4.8)	26.7 (3.7)	0.511 (0.065)	0.525 (0.065)	81.2 (10.6)	89.6 (11.9)
Social influence
No	24.0 (4.3)	25.9 (4.7)	0.500 (0.063)	0.512 (0.065)	79.2 (9.5)	87.9 (12.3)
Yes	25.4 (4.7)	25.7 (4.9)	0.519 (0.062)	0.543 (0.070)	82.2 (11.4)	92.5 (8.8.)
Lack of energy
No	24.3 (4.2)	25.4(4.8)	0.506 (0.059)	0.506 (0.060)	80.0 (9.8)	87.2 (10.6)
Yes	24.5 (4.6)	26.5 (4.5)	0.507 (0.065)	0.528 (0.071)	80 (10.5)	90.2 (13.4)
Lack of free will
No	23.8 (4.0)	26.8 (4.8)	0.496 (0.066)	0.521 (0.064)	78.2 (10.1)	90.6 (11.7)
Yes	24.7 (4.7)	24.9 (4.3)	0.511 (0.062)	0.511 (0.069)	81.0 (10.2)	86.3 (12.1)
Fear of getting hurt
No	24.3 (4.3)	26.0 (4.8)	0.506 (0.063)	0.518 (0.067)	80.1(10.2)	89.2 (11.8)
Yes	28.0 (7.7)	24.3 (1.7)	0.522 (0.079)	0.491(0.025)	84.1 (12.1)	80.8 (12.4)
Lack of skills
No	24.1 (4.1)	26.0 (4.8)	0.503 (0.061)	0.518 (0.067)	79.8 (9.8)	89.2 (11.8)
Yes	26.3 (6.0)	24.3 (1.7)	0.525 (0.074)	0.491 (0.025)	82.4 (12.3)	80.8 (12.4)
Lack of resources
No	24.3 (4.5)	25.8 (5.4)	0.504 (0.067)	0.513 (0.075)	79.9 (10.7)	88.9 (13.8)
Yes	24.8 (4.6)	26.1 (3.3)	0.511 (0.056)	0.521 (0.049)	80.9 (9.3)	88.0 (8.5)

	Body mass index				Waist to height ratio^* * For the waist-height index it was expressed to three decimal places due to the characteristics of the indicator.				Waist circumference
	Bivariable		Multivariable		Bivariable		Multivariable		Bivariable		Multivariable
	$B_{1} (E E)$	$p$	$B_{1} (E E)$	$p$	$B_{1} (E E)$	$p$	$B_{1} (E E)$	$p$	$B_{1} (E E)$	$p$	$B_{1} (E E)$	$p$
Age	0.49 (0.11)	0.00	0.49 (0.11)	0.00	0.00 (0.00)	0.00	0.00 (0.00)	0.00	1.08 (0.25)	0.00	1.06 (0.26)	0.00
Sex ^a a Female;
Male	1.45 (0.91)	0.11	1.26 (0.88)	0.15	0.00 (0.01)	0.45	0.00 (0.01)	0.57	8.37 (2.12)	0.00	7.84 (2.04)	0.00
Marital state ^b b Single;
Free Union	1.56 (1.37)	0.25	0.70 (1.36)	0.60	0.04 (0.01)	0.01	0.03 (0.01)	0.07	7.22 (3.16)	0.03	5.08 (3.15)	0.11
Married	5.9 (2.01)	0.00	4.31 (2.01)	0.03	0.08 (0.02)	0.00	0.06 (0.02)	0.11	12.9 (4.63)	0.01	9.30 (4.67)	0.05
Program ^c c Physiotherapy;
Occupational Therapy ^e e No barriers.	0.16 (0.62)	0.79	0.49 (0.11)	0.00	0.01 (0.00)	0.12	0.00 (0.00)	0.39	1.83 (1.44)	0.21	1.06 (0.26)	0.00
Stratum ^d d Stratum;
2	-0.95 (0.73)	0.89	-0.47 (0.70)	0.50	0.00 (0.01)	0.48	0.00 (0.00)	0.82	-0.36 (1.69)	0.83	-1.15 (1.64)	0.48
3	1.28 (0.79)	0.10	0.82 (0.76)	0.28	0.02 (0.01)	0.05	0.01 (0.01)	0.14	3.20 (1.82)	0.08	2.32 (1.77)	0.19
Barriers
Lack of time
Yes ^e	1.56 (0.66)	0.01	1.35 (0.63)	0.03	0.01 (0.00)	0.07	0.01 (0.00)	0.18	3.07 (1.53)	0.05	2.38 (1.49)	0.11
Social influence
Yes ^e	1.05 (0.67)	0.11	0.89 (0.65)	0.17	0.01 (0.00)	0.04	0.01 (0.00)	0.11	3.10 (1.56)	0.05	2.25 (1.52)	0.14
Lack of energy
Yes ^e	0.16 (0.64)	0.01	0.17 (0.62)	0.27	0.00 (0.00)	0.71	0.00 (0.00)	0.85	0.76 (1.50)	0.61	0.35 (1.45)	0.81
Lack of free will
Yes^e	0.16 (0.67)	0.81	0.16 (0.66)	0.79	0.00 (0.00)	0.32	0.00 (0.00)	0.38	1.61 (1.58)	0.31	1.12 (1.53)	0.46
Fear of getting hurt
Yes ^e	2.53 (1.62)	0.12	3.03 (1.56)	0.05	0.00 (0.02)	0.76	0.01 (0.02)	0.48	1.02 (3.78)	0.79	2.53 (3.66)	0.49
Lack of skills
Yes ^e	1.77 (0.86)	0.04	1.72 (0.83)	0.03	0.01 (0.01)	0.14	0.01 (0.01)	0.19	1.83 (2.01)	0.36	1.31 (1.95)	0.50
Lack of resources
Yes ^e	0.53 (0.65)	0.41	0.59 (0.62)	0.34	0.00 (0.00)	0.45	0.00 (0.00)	0.44	0.74 (1.50)	0.62	0.79 (1.45)	0.59

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[1] SD: Standard deviation.