Spigolon, Leandro Mateus Pagoto; Cavaglieri, Claudia Regina; Gomes, Antônio Carlos; Pascoal, Eduardo Henrique Frazilli; Borges, Juliano Henrique; Borin, João Paulo

doi:10.1016/j.rbce.2016.01.003

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Artigos Originais • Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Esporte 39 (1) • Jan-Mar 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbce.2016.01.003 copiar

Un programa de formación influye en la relación entre los indicadores de rendimiento funcionales y neuromusculares durante la temporada en futbolistas jóvenes

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la influencia de un programa de formación en la relación entre los indicadores de desempeño de las diferentes capacidades físicas intra y intersistemas funcionales y neuromusculares, y en diferentes momentos de la temporada. En el estudio participaron 16 jugadores de fútbol jóvenes con una media de edad de 16,5 ± 0,4 años. El estudio duró 17 semanas, incluyendo tres momentos de evaluación (T1: 1.^a; T2: 10.^a y T3: 17.^a semana). Se encontró una alta correlación entre los indicadores de prevalencia neuromuscular [sprints en 30 m (30 m) y sprint máximo (MaxSprint; RAST) en T1 (r = 0,93; P ≤ 0,001)], funcional [sprint medio (MidSprint) y sprint mínimo (MinSprint; RAST) en T1, T2 e T3; MinSprint e índice de fatiga (FI; RAST) en T3 (r = 0,95; 0,85; 0,91; -0,86; P ≤ 0,001, respectivamente)] y entre funcional y neuromuscular [30 m y MidSprint en T1; 30 m y MinSprint en T1; MaxSprint y MidSprint en T1 y T2, y MaxSprint y MinSprint en T1 (r = 0,95; 0,93; 0,96; 0,84; 0,87; P ≤ 0,001, respectivamente)]. Los contenidos de la formación han influido en la correlación de los indicadores de rendimiento en diferentes momentos de la temporada.

PALABRAS CLAVE
Entrenamiento deportivo; Contenido de la formación; Fútbol; Futbolistas sub-17

(min - %)	Physical capacity	Physical capacity manifestations	Training weeks
(min - %)	Physical capacity	Physical capacity manifestations	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
Functional
(4300 min. - 76.5%)	Endurance	General endurance	9.7	7.1	5.5	7.9	-	3.4	6.3	-	-	7.2	-	2.7	-	-	-	-	-
		Speed endurance	2.4	-	-	-	-	-	-	10.1	-	1.8	-	17.3	-	-	-	-	8.8
		Specific endurance	62.8	74.7	76.4	71.9	63.7	71.6	60.0	73.4	77.4	75.8	-	34.7	89.2	86.2	72.3	88.4	52.6
Total (%)		Specific endurance	74.9	81.8	81.8	79.8	63.7	74.2	66.3	83.5	77.4	84.8	-	54.7	89.2	86.2	72.3	88.5	61.4
Neuromuscular
(1316 min. - 34.5%)	Strength^* * Maximum strength and specific strength manifestations were not observed, since, in the 17 weeks, the contents were not predominant in such manifestations.	Strength endurance	19.3	16.2	14.5	18.0	11.0	4.5	16.8	-	-	-	-	21.3	10.8	10.0	12.3	-	-
		Power	1.0	2.0	3.6	2.2	6.6	2.3	4.2	1.3	1.6	0.7	-	-	-	-	3.1	6.6	21.1
	Speed	Acceleration capacity	2.4	-	-	-	14.3	1.1	-	-	6.5	1.8	-	-	-	-	3.1	4.9	8.8
		Maximum speed	2.4	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	8.1	1.8	-	2.7	-	-	-	-	8.8
		Agility	-	-	-	-	2.2	4.5	-	-	6.5	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	Motor skills	General motor skills	-	-	-	-	2.2	6.8	6.3	7.6	-	10.8	-	17.3	-	-	-	-	-
	Motor skills	Specific motor skills	-	-	-	-	-	6.8	6.3	7.6	-	-	-	4.0	-	3.8	9.2	-	-
Total (%)			25.1	18.2	18.2	20.2	36.3	25.8	33.7	16.5	22.6	15.2	-	45.3	-	13.8	27.7	11.5	38.6
Training sessions (n)			6	7	4	6	7	7	7	6	5	6	0	7	5	7	4	6	3
Official matches (n)			1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	0
Assessment time			T1									T2							T3

Neuromuscular	Functional
CMJ - (power) jump height (cm) with the countermovement technique.	MidSprint - (speed endurance) mean speed (m/s) in the RAST six runs.
10 m - (speed) mean displacement speed (m/s) in 10 m.	MinSprint^a a The stimuli of the MinSprint indicator have the same characteristics of the stimuli used for measuring MaxSprint. However, MinSprint is under the influence of previous stimuli, so that this indicator's values are commonly observed in the fifth or sixth RAST run, while the MaxSprint occurs in the first or second run. - (speed endurance) lowest mean displacement speed (m/s) in RAST.
30 m - (maximum speed) mean displacement speed (m/s) in 30 m.	FI - (speed endurance) percentage of performance decrease (%) from the highest to the lowest mean speed in RAST.
MaxSprint - (maximum speed) highest mean displacement speed (m/s) in 35 m - RAST.	Yo-Yo IR2 - (specific/intermittent endurance) total distance covered (m) during the test.

Performance indicators	Assessment moments
Performance indicators	T1	T2	T3
CMJ (cm)	44.02 ± 5.05	43.69 ± 5.05	42.58 ± 4.44
10 m (m/s)	5.03 ± 0.38	5.04 ± 0.31	5.19 ± 0.23
30 m (m/s)	7.26 ± 0.20	7.09 ± 0.24^a a Statistical difference between T1 and T2 (p ≤ 0.05).	6.97 ± 0.24^b b Statistical difference between T1 and T3 (p ≤ 0.05).
MaxSprint (m/s)	7.25 ± 0.19	7.12 ± 0.24^a a Statistical difference between T1 and T2 (p ≤ 0.05).	7.03 ± 0.20^b b Statistical difference between T1 and T3 (p ≤ 0.05).
MidSprint (m/s)	6.70 ± 0.19	6.65 ± 0.21	6.51 ± 0.24^b b Statistical difference between T1 and T3 (p ≤ 0.05). ^, ^c c Statistical difference between T2 and T3 (p ≤ 0.05).
MinSprint (m/s)	6.18 ± 0.16	6.18 ± 0.27	6.04 ± 0.34
FI (%)	14.82 ± 1.18	13.14 ± 3.29	14.09 ± 3.03
Yo-Yo IR2 (m)	400.00 ± 74.48	447.50 ± 85.44^a a Statistical difference between T1 and T2 (p ≤ 0.05).	490.00 ± 75.19^b b Statistical difference between T1 and T3 (p ≤ 0.05).

	CMJ			10 m			30 m
	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
CMJ	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
10 m	-0.06	0.45	0.32	-	-	-	-	-	-
30 m	0.66	0.60	0.51	-0.34	0.49	0.41	-	-	-
MaxSprint	0.62	0.53	0.50	-0.38	0.35	0.17	0.93^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	0.73	0.74

	MidSprint			MinSprint			FI
	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
MidSprint	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
MinSprint	0.95^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	0.85^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	0.91^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	-	-	-	-	-	-
FI	0.06	-0.23	-0.61	-0.22	-0.67	-0.86^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	-	-	-
Yo-Yo IR2	0.51	0.62	0.69	0.60	0.61	0.67	-0.31	-0.33	-0.44

	CMJ			10 m			30 m			MaxSprint
	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
MidSprint	0.60	0.38	0.40	-0.35	0.61	0.32	0.95^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	0.67	0.50	0.96^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	0.84^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	0.81
MinSprint	0.54	0.21	0.31	-0.35	0.64	0.31	0.93^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	0.40	0.22	0.87^a a Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.001).	0.54	0.59
FI	0.19	0.23	-0.06	-0.08	-0.43	-0.28	0.04	0.18	0.20	0.30	0.26	-0.09
Yo-Yo IR2	-0.07	-0.04	0.19	-0.08	0.30	0.36	0.39	0.30	0.48	0.42	0.42	0.60

Colégio Brasileiro de Ciências do Esporte Universidade de Brasilia - Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Faculdade de Educação Física, Asa Norte - CEP 70910-970 - Brasilia, DF - Brasil, Telefone: +55 (61) 3107-2542 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: rbceonline@gmail.com

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[1] * Corresponding author. E-mail:leandro.spigolon@hotmail.com (L.M.P. Spigolon).