Percutaneous occlusion of the small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with Gianturco coils is considered the first-line therapeutic option in most centers around the world. However, the use of coils to close ducti larger than 3 mm is associated with higher failure and complication rates. In this paper we report the outcomes of percutaneous occlusion of these larger PDAs employing the bioptome assisted anterograde technique mainly using 0.052" coils. From 9/2002 to 8/2006, 14 patients (2 male; median age 8 years and weight 23.6 kg) underwent the procedure. Thirteen patients had type A PDAs and one had a type C. Minimal diameter varied from 3.1 to 5.2 mm (mean = 3.8 ± 0.6 mm). Successful implantation was achieved in 13 cases. Of these, 2 required additional coils in the same procedure due to significant leaks. Five had immediate total occlusion and 8 left the catheterization laboratory with discrete, diffuse, low-velocity residual leaks. There were no complications related to the catheterization procedures. On follow-up, total occlusion was observed in 12 of the 13 patients at echocardiography and none had flow disturbances of the aorta or of the left pulmonary artery. A single patient required a re-occlusion procedure with implantation of an additional coil. Percutaneous occlusion of PDAs larger than 3 mm using the bioptome assisted anterograde technique mainly with 0.052" coils is feasible, easy to perform, cost effective, safe and efficacious.
Ductus arteriosus, patent; Heart catheterization; Prostheses and implants; Embolization, therapeutic
