Soil management systems, with crops under no-tillage (NT), crops (soybean) in rotation with pastures under NT and permanent pastures (Brachiaria sp.), were evaluated for soil aggregation and aggregate stability. Three long-term experiments (9 and 11 years) in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul were sampled in the layers 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm for determination of the aggregate stability in wet and dry sieving. The mean weight diameter (MWD) and the aggregate stability index (IAS) were calculated. In all experiments, the greatest soil volume was verified in the systems with isolated pastures or in rotation with crops, constituting aggregates of over 4.76 mm. The soil volume was largest in the crop system, in the three experiments, with aggregate sizes between 0.25 and 2.00 mm. These effects ocurred similarly at all studied depths. In the pasture systems, the MWD was largest and IAS highest in all experiments. The clay effect in the aggregation was greatest in Maracaju and lowest in Campo Grande. A close relation between the IAS and soil carbon was observed. The formation of macro-aggregates seems to be related to the presence of roots, which are more abundant under grass pastures.
carbon; no-tillage; pasture; soil organic matter; soybean
