Legumes cover-crops represent a good alternative to supply N as well as to improve yield of commercial crops. The acceptance of this technique by growers and extension agents, however, depends on its economical advantage in relation to traditional systems. In this study, the effect of four summer legumes cover-crops (Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan, Stizolobium niveum and Glycine sp), was evaluated in association with three N rates (0, 60 and 120 kg ha-1), on the net income of corn. Two medium-term (4- and 5-yr) experiments were carried out, respectively, under conventional tillage (CT) and reduced tillage (RT), in the Northwest of Santa Catarina State, Brazil. In absence of cover-crops and mineral N, corn production gave a net income of 25 and 40 U$ ha-1 (1 U$ = 1.80 R$), respectively, on CT and on RT. The use of cover-crops raised the net income from 35 to 173 U$ ha-1 (142 a 693%) under CT, and from 32 to 82 U$ ha-1 (79 a 204%) under RT, in absence of N. When N was applied, the economic benefits of such crops were smaller, but still advantageous. Thus, cultivation of summer legumes in the inter-rows of corn, as cover-crops, has economical advantages, probably enough to off-set the higher costs of family labor involved.
summer cover-crops; maize; net income profit; nitrogen