Yield of cotton cultivars under different irrigation depths in the Brazilian semi-arid region

Zonta, João H.; Bezerra, José R. C.; Sofiatti, Valdinei; Brandão, Ziany N.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n8p748-754

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Sumário

Manejo de Solo, Água e Planta • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 19 (8) • Aug 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n8p748-754 copy

Yield of cotton cultivars under different irrigation depths in the Brazilian semi-arid region

Produtividade de cultivares de algodoeiro herbáceo sob diferentes lâminas de irrigação no semiárido brasileiro

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation depths on seed cotton yield and water-use efficiency of cotton cultivars in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Field experiment was conducted during two consecutive years in the Apodi region, RN, using sprinkler irrigation. The experiment consisted of factorial combination in split-plots, composed of four irrigation depths (130; 100; 70 and 40% ETc and four cotton cultivars - FiberMax 993, BRS 286, BRS 336 and BRS 335), in randomized block design with 4 replicates. Data were evaluated by mean test (Tukey) and regression analysis. Considering the irrigation depths of 40% ETc, cotton yield was 48% lower compared to the higher irrigation depth (130% ETc). The higher water-use efficiency (0.69 kg m^-3) was obtained with 70% ETc irrigation depth. The highest seed cotton yield was achieved with the higher water depth for all evaluated cultivars. Yield response factor (Ky) was equal to 0.632, 0.711, 0.784 and 0.858, for FiberMax 993, BRS 286, BRS 335 and BRS 336 cultivars, respectively. FiberMax 993 and BRS 286 cultivars presented the best performance, showing that they are more suitable for irrigated farming in the semi-arid region.

Key words:
Gossypium hirsutum ; evapotranspiration; water deficit

Year	pH water	OM^* * OM - Organic matter, CEC - Cation exchange capacity, SB - Sum of bases	P	Na⁺	K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	H + Al	CEC^* * OM - Organic matter, CEC - Cation exchange capacity, SB - Sum of bases	SB
Year	pH water	(g kg^-1)		(cmol_c dm^-3)
2012	5.7	3.00	20.1	0.8	0.72	4.7	2.3	1.73	10.25	8.52
2013	6.20	3.92	23.69	0.83	0.69	5.00	2.40	2.47	11.40	8.92

Variables	2012	2013
Planting date	07/30/2012	08/19/2013
Row spacing	0.84 m (between rows)
Planting density	8-12 plants m^-1
Planting fertilization	150 kg ha^-1 of P2O5 and 30 kg ha^-1 of N in the form of MAP^* * MAP - Monoammonium phosphate; DAE - Days after emergency
Top dressing fertilization	150 kg N ha^-1 in the form of Urea
Beginning of irrigation treatments	08/19/2012 (17 DAE)	09/08/2013 (15 DAE)
Last irrigation	11/07/2012 (97 DAE)	11/24/2013 (92 DAE)
Harvest date	12/04/2012	12/11/2013
Duration of the cycle	124 days	109 days
Total precipitation during the growing cycle	0.0 mm	29.0 mm

	Yield (kg ha^-1)	Water-use efficiency (kg m^-3)	Height (cm)	Boll weight (g)	Number of bolls m^-2
Irrigation depth (% ETc)
40	2,225.00	0.61	61.80	5.14	43.30
70	4,254.00	0.69	78.80	5.77	69.30
100	5,620.00	0.64	91.60	6.01	87.50
130	5,732.00	0.48	98.00	6.02	94.10
F-test	^ and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test	^ and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test	^ and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test	^ and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test	^ and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test
Cultivars
BRS 286	4,634.00 ab	0.63 ab	86.00 ab	5.84 ab	78.20 ab
BRS 335	4,294.00 bb	0.57 ab	81.20 ab	5.66 ab	71.40 bc
BRS 336	3,959.00 bb	0.54 bb	77.20 bb	5.91 ab	63.80 cb
Fibermax 993	4,875.00 ab	0.70 ab	86.00 ab	5.52 bb	80.70 ab
F-test	^ and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test	^* ** and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test	^ and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test	^ and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test	^ and * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05 probability, respectively; ns - not significant. Mean followed by the same letters in the column do not differ at 0.05 probability by the Tukey’s test

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[1] joao-henrique.zonta@embrapa.br (Autor correspondente)