Quality of Life and Graduation in Medicine

Miranda, Isabela Maria Melo; Tavares, Helen Hana Fernandes; Silva, Heloísa Rodrigues Soares da; Braga, Monise Santana; Santos, Raquel de Oliveira; Guerra, Heloísa Silva

doi:10.1590/1981-5271v44.3-20200068.ING

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Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. bras. educ. med. 44 (03) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v44.3-20200068.ING copy

Quality of Life and Graduation in Medicine

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract:

Introduction:

In recent years, the quality of life of medical students has been questioned, given the context in which they are inserted. Stress as a result of the number of long hours, difficulty in reconciling academic and personal life, exposure to situations of pain and suffering, have been shown to be the main factors for the decrease in quality of life of these students. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life of medical students and its associated factors.

Method:

Cross-sectional study with 419 medical students from a public institution in Goiás. The study was carried out with students over 18 years old and enrolled in the second to the eighth semester of medical school, between 2017 and 2018. Sociodemographic and lifestyle questionnaires and the World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life - Brief Form (WHOQOL-BREF) were used.

Results:

The factors related to low quality of life were: female gender, the use of stimulants, thinking about giving up medical school and having comorbidities. Those related to a better quality of life were consuming fruits and vegetables, practicing physical activity, more sleeping time and stress management.

Conclusion:

This study found a set of factors capable of interfering with the quality of life of these students, suggesting the need for interventions aimed at pedagogical and psychological support.

Keywords:
Quality of Life; Medical Students; Mental Health

Associação Brasileira de Educação Médica SCN - QD 02 - BL D - Torre A - Salas 1021 e 1023 | Asa Norte, Brasília | DF | CEP: 70712-903, Tel: (61) 3024-9978 / 3024-8013, Fax: +55 21 2260-6662 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: rbem.abem@gmail.com

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[1] ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE
Heloísa Silva Guerra. Alameda Pedro de Sá, s/n, CHC, lt 21E, Jardim dos Buritis, Aparecida de Goiânia, GO, Brasil. CEP: 74923-250. E-mail: heloisasguerra@gmail.com

Variables	n	%
Gender
Male	148	35.3
Female	271	64.7
Marital status
Not married	403	96.2
Married	16	3.8
Extracurricular activities
No	172	41.1
Yes	247	58.9
Use of stimulants
Never	275	65.6
Sometimes	105	25.1
Always	39	9.3
Thinks about giving up the course
No	299	71.4
Yes	120	28.6
Sleeps well
Always	11	2.6
Almost always	211	50.4
Sometimes	142	33.9
Almost never	44	10.5
Never	11	2.6
Variables	n	%
Feels able to manage stress
Always	30	7.2
Almost always	223	53.2
Sometimes	136	32.5
Almost never	25	6.0
Never	5	1.2
Recommended consumption of fruits/ vegetables
No	257	61.3
Yes	162	38.7
Consumption of high-calorie foods
No	250	59.7
Yes	169	40.3
Regular exercises
No	169	40.3
Yes	250	59.7
Smoking
Never	401	95.7
Former smoker	9	2.1
Smoker	9	2.1
Comorbidities
No	346	82.6
Yes	73	17.4
Alcohol consumption
No	157	37.5
Yes	262	62.5
Total	419	100

Domains	Mean (SD)	95%CI	Median	IQR	Value	Cronbach’s alpha	ICC	p-value*
Domains	Mean (SD)	95%CI	Median	IQR	Min. - Max.	Cronbach’s alpha	ICC	p-value*
Physical	63.2 (14.7)	61.8-64.6	64.3	45.6-75.0	21.4-100.0	0.764	0.758	< 0.001
Psychological	62.3 (15.0)	60.9-63.7	65.0	55.0-75.0	20.0-95.0	0.688	0.683	< 0.001
Social	68.6 (19.6)	66.7-70.4	75.0	58.3-75.0	8.3-100.0	0.711	0.701	< 0.001
Environmental	68.8 (13.3)	67.6-70.1	68.7	59.4-78.1	31.2-100.0	0.754	0.752	< 0.001
General	67.9 (19.3)	66.1-69.8	75.0	50.0-75.0	0.0-100.0	0.674	0.669	< 0.001

Domains	β	95%CI	p-value
Physical
Age (years)	-0.016	-0.275; 0.243	0.903
Gender
Male (R)
Female	-3.239	-5.686; -0.793	0.010
Use of stimulants
Never (R)
Sometimes	-3.221	-5.853; -0.589	0.017
Always	-9.702	-13.704; -5.700	< 0.001
Thinks about giving up the course
No (R)
Yes	-6.713	-9.257; -4.169	< 0.001
Consumption of fruits/vegetables
No (R)
Yes	-0.364	-2.771; 2.042	0.766
Consumption of high-calorie foods
No (R)
Yes	-0.546	-2.839; 1.747	0.640
Regular exercises
No (R)
Yes	3.899	1.584; 6.213	0.001
Comorbidities
No (R)
Yes	-3.122	-6.183; -0.065	< 0.001
Domains	β	95%CI	p-value
Smoking
Never (R)
Former smoker	-2.137	-9.995; 5.719	0.593
Smoker	-3.322	-10.961; 4.315	0.393
Hours of sleep	1.278	0.130; 2.425	0.029
Stress management	3.852	2.275; 5.429	< 0.001
F value (p-value): 23.57 (< 0.001) R²: 0.431 adjusted R²: 0.412 VIF: 1.14
Psychological	β	95%CI	p-value
Age (years)	-0.111	-0.395; 0.172	0.440
Gender
Male (R)
Female	-1.679	-4.228; 0.879	0.196
Use of stimulants
Never (R)
Sometimes	-3.949	-6.757; -1.140	0.006
Always	-7.955	-12.221; -2.689	< 0.001
Thinks about giving up the course
No (R)
Yes	-10.051	-12.792; -7.311	< 0.001
Comorbidities
No (R)
Yes	-0.708	-3.923; 2.507	0.665
Consumption of high-calorie foods
No (R)
Yes	-1.506	-3.976; 0.964	0.231
Regular exercises
No (R)
Yes	3.024	0.559; 5.488	0.016
Course semester	0.166	-0.419; 0.750	0.577
Hours of sleep	1.636	0.448; 2.823	0.007
Stress management	5.651	3.998; 7.305	< 0.001
F value (p-value): 21.91 (< 0.001) R²: 0.349 adjusted R²: 0.333 VIF: 1.08
Social	β	95%CI	p-value
Age (years)	-0.207	-0.623; 0.208	0.327
Gender
Male (R)
Female	1.717	-2.134; 5.569	0.382
Use of stimulants
Never (R)
Sometimes	0.354	-3.827; 4.537	0.868
Always	-4.709	-11.049; 1.630	0.145
Thinks about giving up the course
No (R)
Yes	-10.159	-14.217; -6.102	< 0.001
Consumption of fruits / vegetables
No (R)
Yes	0.134	-3.724; 3.993	0.946
Consumption of high calorie foods
No (R)
Yes	-3.177	-6.870; 0.515	0.091
Regular exercises
No (R)
Yes	2.813	-0.915; 6.541	0.139
Hours of sleep	0.917	-0.843; 2.677	0.306
Stress management	5.367	2.922; 7.811	< 0.001
F value (p-value): 7.48 (< 0.001) R²: 0.155 adjusted R²: 0.134 VIF: 1.10
Environmental	β	95%CI	p-value
Age (years)	-0.341	-0.620; -0.061	0.017
Gender
Male (R)
Female	-2.600	-5.178; -0.023	0.048
Thinks about giving up the course
No (R)
Yes	-5.013	-7.708; -2.329	< 0.001
Consumption of fruits/vegetables
No (R)
Yes	1.298	-1.287; 3.883	0.324
Consumption of high-calorie foods
No (R)
Yes	-1.206	-3.678; 1.266	0.338
Regular exercises
No (R)
Yes	3.655	1.110; 6.160	0.004
Hours of sleep	1.368	0.183; 2.552	0.024
Stress management	3.278	1.658; 4.909	< 0.001
F value (p-value): 10.15 (< 0.001) R²: 0.165 adjusted R²: 0.149 VIF: 1.09
General	β	95%CI	p-value
Age (years)	-0.449	-0.845; -0.052	0.027
Gender
Male (R)
Female	-0.447	-4117; 3.222	0.811
Thinks about giving up the course
No (R)
Yes	-5.920	-9.722; -2.119	0.002
Use of stimulants
Never (R)
Sometimes	-1.087	-5.029; 2.857	0.588
Always	-5.494	-11.493; 0.504	0.072
Consumption of fruits/vegetables
No (R)
Yes	3.731	0.132; 7.329	0.042
Consumption of high-calorie foods
No (R)
Yes	-0.351	-3.788; 3.086	0.841
Regular exercises
No (R)
Yes	8.971	5.500; 12.442	< 0.001
Smoking
Never (R)
Former smoker	1.661	-10.117; 13.441	0.782
Smoker	-12.797	-24.208; -1.387	0.028
Period	-0.530	-1.339; 0.278	0.198
Hours of sleep	3.067	1.413; 4.720	< 0.001
Stress management	5.081	2.792; 7.370	< 0.001
F value (p-value): 10.60 (< 0.001) R²: 0.254 adjusted R²: 0.230 VIF: 1.11