Three new Neotropical species of <i>Hirtodrosophila</i> Duda, 1923 (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Hirtodrosophila Duda, 1923 is a worldwide genus that encompasses about 170 species. In the Neotropical Region there are records of 38 species. In this paper, we describe three new species of Neotropical Hirtodrosophila - H. pilosa n. sp., H. fluminensis n. sp. and H. brasiliensis n. sp. -, which are not assigned to any species group. The three new species can be easily distinguished from any known American species by their external morphological traits. Furthermore, we describe a female specimen, refraining from designating it as a new species because of the lack of characteristics to adequately delimit the species.

Keywords:
Taxonomy; Terminali; Morphology; Zygothrica genus group; Brazil

Authorship

Marcos Henrique Frech-Telles ^**Corresponding author.E-mail: marcoshft@hotmail.com (M.H. Frech-Telles).

preparation of the specimens

analyzed the specimens

produced the pictures

wrote the manuscript

participated in the conceptualization of the study

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrasilPorto Alegre, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6944-5919

Vera Lúcia da Silva Valente-Gaiesky

supervised the study

read and discussed the manuscript

participated in the conceptualization of the study

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Genética, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrasilPorto Alegre, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Genética, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8661-6284

Marco Silva Gottschalk

participated in the preparation of the specimens

analyzed the specimens

revised the manuscript

participated in the conceptualization of the study

Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Zoologia e Genética, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.Universidade Federal de PelotasBrasilPelotas, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Zoologia e Genética, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9453-4331

*Corresponding author.E-mail: marcoshft@hotmail.com (M.H. Frech-Telles).

Associate Editor: Marcia Couri

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (10)

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Figure 1
Holotype of Hirtodrosophila pilosa n. sp.: a, head (anterolateral view); b, thorax (dorsal view); c, head and thorax (lateral view); d, abdomen (lateral view); e, abdomen (dorsal view); f, wing. Abbreviations: a dc s, anterior dorsocentral seta; a rc frorb s, anterior reclinate fronto-orbital seta; ap sctl s, apical scutellar seta; ar, arista; b sctl s, basal scutellar seta; C, costal vein; co lap, costal lappet; CuA+CuP, anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein; d ar branch, dorsal aristal branch; dm-m, discal medial crossvein; h, humeral crossvein; M₁, first branch of medial vein; M₄, fourth branch of medial vein; p dc s, posterior dorsocentral setae; p rc frorb s, posterior reclinate fronto-orbital seta; pc frorb s, proclinate fronto-orbital seta; R₂₊₃, second branch of radial vein; R₄₊₅, third branch of radial vein; r-m, radial-medial crossvein; sc brk, subcostal break; Sc, subcostal vein; T1, tergite 1; T2, tergite 2; T3, tergite 3; T4, tergite 4; T5, tergite 5; T6, tergite 6; v ar branch, ventral aristal branch; vb, vibrissa.

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Figure 2
Holotype of Hirtodrosophila pilosa n. sp.: a, posterior end of abdomen (ventral view); b, posterior end of abdomen (lateral view); c, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (posteroventral view); d, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (lateral view); e, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterolateral view); f, epandrium and associated sclerites (ventral view); g, hypandrium, phallus and associated sclerites (ventral view); h, hypandrium, phallus and associated sclerites (lateroventral view); i, hypandrium, phallus and associated sclerites (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: cerc, cercus; epand, epandrium; hpp, hypoproctal plate; hypd, hypandrium; pgt, postgonite; ph, phallus; phapod, phallapodeme; pregt, pregonite; sur, surstylus; sbepand scl, subepandrial sclerite; vcl, ventral cecal lobe; vpl, ventral epandrial lobe.

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Figure 9
Habitus: a, holotype of H. pilosa n. sp.; b, holotype of H. fluminensis n. sp.; c, holotype of H. brasiliensis n. sp.; d-e, paratypes of H. brasiliensis n. sp.; f, H. sp.1. Scale bars: 1 mm.

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Figure 10
Map showing the collection records of H. pilosa n. sp., H. fluminensis n. sp., H. brasiliensis n. sp., and H. sp.1.

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Figure 3
Holotype of Hirtodrosophila fluminensis n. sp.: a, head (anterolateral view); b, thorax (dorsal view); c, head and thorax (lateral view); d, abdomen (lateral view); e, abdomen (dorsal view); f, wing.

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Figure 4
Holotype of Hirtodrosophila fluminensis n. sp.: a, posterior end of abdomen (ventral view); b, posterior end of abdomen (lateral view); c, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (posteroventral view); d, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (lateral view); e, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterior view); f, hypandrium (ventral view); g, phallus and associated sclerites (ventral view); h, phallus and associated sclerites (lateroventral view); i, phallus and associated sclerites (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

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Figure 5
Holotype of Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis n. sp.: a, head (anterolateral view); b, thorax (dorsal view); c, head and thorax (lateral view); d, abdomen (lateral view); e, abdomen (dorsal view); f, wing.

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Figure 6
Holotype of Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis n. sp.: a, posterior end of abdomen (ventral view); b, posterior end of abdomen (lateral view); c, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (posteroventral view); d, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (lateral view); e, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterior view); f, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterolateral view); g, hypandrium, phallus, associated sclerites and subepandrial sclerite (ventral view); h, hypandrium, phallus, associated sclerites and subepandrial sclerite (lateroventral view); i, hypandrium, phallus, associated sclerites and subepandrial sclerite (lateral view). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

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Figure 7
Hirtodrosophila sp.1: a, head (anterolateral view); b, thorax (dorsal view); c, thorax (lateral view); d, abdomen (lateral view); e, abdomen (dorsal view); f, wing.

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Figure 8
Hirtodrosophila sp.1: a, posterior end of abdomen (ventral view); b, posterior end of abdomen (lateral view); c, oviscapt (ventral view); d, oviscapt (lateral view); e, spermatheca (lateral view); f, egg choria (left, dorsal view; right, lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: b intrvrt, basal introvert; epiprct, epiproct; fl, filament; hyprct, hypoproct; cap, capsule; mcp, micropyle; ovscp vlv, oviscapt valve; spmth dt, spermathecal duct; S7, seventh sternite; T8, eighth tergite.

Figure 1 Holotype of Hirtodrosophila pilosa n. sp.: a, head (anterolateral view); b, thorax (dorsal view); c, head and thorax (lateral view); d, abdomen (lateral view); e, abdomen (dorsal view); f, wing. Abbreviations: a dc s, anterior dorsocentral seta; a rc frorb s, anterior reclinate fronto-orbital seta; ap sctl s, apical scutellar seta; ar, arista; b sctl s, basal scutellar seta; C, costal vein; co lap, costal lappet; CuA+CuP, anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein; d ar branch, dorsal aristal branch; dm-m, discal medial crossvein; h, humeral crossvein; M₁, first branch of medial vein; M₄, fourth branch of medial vein; p dc s, posterior dorsocentral setae; p rc frorb s, posterior reclinate fronto-orbital seta; pc frorb s, proclinate fronto-orbital seta; R₂₊₃, second branch of radial vein; R₄₊₅, third branch of radial vein; r-m, radial-medial crossvein; sc brk, subcostal break; Sc, subcostal vein; T1, tergite 1; T2, tergite 2; T3, tergite 3; T4, tergite 4; T5, tergite 5; T6, tergite 6; v ar branch, ventral aristal branch; vb, vibrissa.

Figure 2 Holotype of Hirtodrosophila pilosa n. sp.: a, posterior end of abdomen (ventral view); b, posterior end of abdomen (lateral view); c, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (posteroventral view); d, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (lateral view); e, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterolateral view); f, epandrium and associated sclerites (ventral view); g, hypandrium, phallus and associated sclerites (ventral view); h, hypandrium, phallus and associated sclerites (lateroventral view); i, hypandrium, phallus and associated sclerites (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: cerc, cercus; epand, epandrium; hpp, hypoproctal plate; hypd, hypandrium; pgt, postgonite; ph, phallus; phapod, phallapodeme; pregt, pregonite; sur, surstylus; sbepand scl, subepandrial sclerite; vcl, ventral cecal lobe; vpl, ventral epandrial lobe.

Figure 9 Habitus: a, holotype of H. pilosa n. sp.; b, holotype of H. fluminensis n. sp.; c, holotype of H. brasiliensis n. sp.; d-e, paratypes of H. brasiliensis n. sp.; f, H. sp.1. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 10 Map showing the collection records of H. pilosa n. sp., H. fluminensis n. sp., H. brasiliensis n. sp., and H. sp.1.

Figure 3 Holotype of Hirtodrosophila fluminensis n. sp.: a, head (anterolateral view); b, thorax (dorsal view); c, head and thorax (lateral view); d, abdomen (lateral view); e, abdomen (dorsal view); f, wing.

Figure 4 Holotype of Hirtodrosophila fluminensis n. sp.: a, posterior end of abdomen (ventral view); b, posterior end of abdomen (lateral view); c, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (posteroventral view); d, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (lateral view); e, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterior view); f, hypandrium (ventral view); g, phallus and associated sclerites (ventral view); h, phallus and associated sclerites (lateroventral view); i, phallus and associated sclerites (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 5 Holotype of Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis n. sp.: a, head (anterolateral view); b, thorax (dorsal view); c, head and thorax (lateral view); d, abdomen (lateral view); e, abdomen (dorsal view); f, wing.

Figure 6 Holotype of Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis n. sp.: a, posterior end of abdomen (ventral view); b, posterior end of abdomen (lateral view); c, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (posteroventral view); d, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (lateral view); e, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterior view); f, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterolateral view); g, hypandrium, phallus, associated sclerites and subepandrial sclerite (ventral view); h, hypandrium, phallus, associated sclerites and subepandrial sclerite (lateroventral view); i, hypandrium, phallus, associated sclerites and subepandrial sclerite (lateral view). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figure 7 Hirtodrosophila sp.1: a, head (anterolateral view); b, thorax (dorsal view); c, thorax (lateral view); d, abdomen (lateral view); e, abdomen (dorsal view); f, wing.

Figure 8 Hirtodrosophila sp.1: a, posterior end of abdomen (ventral view); b, posterior end of abdomen (lateral view); c, oviscapt (ventral view); d, oviscapt (lateral view); e, spermatheca (lateral view); f, egg choria (left, dorsal view; right, lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: b intrvrt, basal introvert; epiprct, epiproct; fl, filament; hyprct, hypoproct; cap, capsule; mcp, micropyle; ovscp vlv, oviscapt valve; spmth dt, spermathecal duct; S7, seventh sternite; T8, eighth tergite.

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Three new Neotropical species of <i>Hirtodrosophila</i> Duda, 1923 (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

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[1] *Corresponding author.E-mail: marcoshft@hotmail.com (M.H. Frech-Telles).