Redescription of adults, nymphs and taxonomic notes on the Southern Brazilian mayfly <i>Ulmeritus saopaulensis</i> (Traver, 1946) (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)

The small mayfly genus UlmeritusTraver, 1956Traver, J. R., 1956. A new genus of Neotropical mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 58, 1-13. currently includes three species of Neotropical Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) distributed in southern South America in the Pampean and Atlantic Forest dominions: U. carbonelli (Uruguay), U. balteatus (Brazil and Uruguay) and U. saopaulensis (Brazil). Ulmeritus saopaulensis is a poorly known endemic species from Brazil. Based on material from a single locality in Minas Gerais, we complement the knowledge on this species with a redescription of adults and nymphs and describe the eggs for the first time. The confusing nomenclatural history and the correct spelling of the specific name saopaulensis is discussed in light of International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. This paper points out that in despite of recent advances on the knowledge of this genus a full taxonomic review and phylogenetic analyses are pending to solve species delimitation and evolutionary relationships.

Keywords:
Aquatic insects; Morphology; Neotropical region; Systematics; Taxonomy

Authorship

Vinícius de Assis Silva ^**Corresponding author:E-mail:viniciusdeassisidl@gmail.com (V.A. Silva).

Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Universidade Federal do ParanáBrazilCuritiba, PR, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.

Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Sistemática de Insetos Aquáticos (LABSIA), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Universidade Federal do ParanáBrazilCuritiba, PR, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Sistemática de Insetos Aquáticos (LABSIA), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1002-1871

Ângelo Parise Pinto

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1650-5666

Frederico Falcão Salles

Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Entomologia, Museu de Entomologia, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de ViçosaBrazilMG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Entomologia, Museu de Entomologia, MG, Brazil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8331-5929

*Corresponding author:E-mail:viniciusdeassisidl@gmail.com (V.A. Silva).

Associate Editor: Fabio Quinteiro

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare there is no conflicts of interest.

Author contribution statement

VAS and FFS designed the study. All authors made the images and illustrations and contributed equally to the analysis, writing and revision of the manuscript and approved this version.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (6)

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Figure 3
Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): Mouth parts of nymph. (A) labrum in dorsal view; (B) distal emargination of labrum in detail; (C) row of setae on the dorsal surface in detail; (D) hypopharynx in dorsal view (E) apex of superlingua in detail; (F) left maxilla dorsal view; (G) pectinate setae of maxilla; (H) distal part of labrum with dentisetae; (I) labium in dorsal view; (J) apex of glossas and paraglossas of labium; (K) apex of labium showing the labial palp. Abbreviations: ds = dentisetae. Photos A-K by VAS.

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Figure 6
Map of southern South America with occurrence records to species of Ulmeritus Traver, 1956. Abbreviations: MG, Minas Gerais; SC, Santa Catarina; SP, São Paulo. Biogeographic regionalization based on Morrone (2014)Morrone, J. J., 2014. Biogeographical regionalisation of the neotropical region. Zootaxa 3782, 1-110. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3782.1.1.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3782.1.... .

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Figure 1
Habitus of Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): (A-B) nymph, alive (A) and fixed in ethanol (B); (C) subimago male; (D) imago female; (E) imago male. Photos A, C-E by FFS; B by VAS.

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Figure 2
Imago male of Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): (A-B) head and thorax in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views; (C) fore wing; (D) right hind wing; I left hind wing; (F-H) legs in lateral view, (F) fore-, (G) mid-, and (H) hind leg; (I) genitalia in dorsal view; (J) penes in dorsal view. Photos A-E, I-J by FFS; F-H by VAS.

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Figure 4
Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): mandibles of nymph: (A-D) left mandible in dorsal view; (E-H) right mandible in ventral view; (B) incisors; (C) prostheca; (D) molar; (F) incisors and prostheca; (G-H) molar. Abbreviations: i1 = outer incisor; i2 = inner incisor; m = molar; prs = prostheca. Photos A-H by VAS.

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Figure 5
Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): (A) fore leg with (B) femur, (C) tibia, and (D) tarsus; (E) middle leg with (F) femur, (G) tibia and (H) tarsus; (I) hind leg with (J) femur, (K) tibia and tarsus (L; (M) chorionic surface of egg with micropyles (arrows); (N) KCTs coiled. Photos A, E, I by VAS. B-D, F-H, J-L and M-N by FFS.

Figure 3 Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): Mouth parts of nymph. (A) labrum in dorsal view; (B) distal emargination of labrum in detail; (C) row of setae on the dorsal surface in detail; (D) hypopharynx in dorsal view (E) apex of superlingua in detail; (F) left maxilla dorsal view; (G) pectinate setae of maxilla; (H) distal part of labrum with dentisetae; (I) labium in dorsal view; (J) apex of glossas and paraglossas of labium; (K) apex of labium showing the labial palp. Abbreviations: ds = dentisetae. Photos A-K by VAS.

Figure 6 Map of southern South America with occurrence records to species of Ulmeritus Traver, 1956. Abbreviations: MG, Minas Gerais; SC, Santa Catarina; SP, São Paulo. Biogeographic regionalization based on Morrone (2014)Morrone, J. J., 2014. Biogeographical regionalisation of the neotropical region. Zootaxa 3782, 1-110. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3782.1.1.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3782.1.... .

Figure 1 Habitus of Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): (A-B) nymph, alive (A) and fixed in ethanol (B); (C) subimago male; (D) imago female; (E) imago male. Photos A, C-E by FFS; B by VAS.

Figure 2 Imago male of Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): (A-B) head and thorax in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views; (C) fore wing; (D) right hind wing; I left hind wing; (F-H) legs in lateral view, (F) fore-, (G) mid-, and (H) hind leg; (I) genitalia in dorsal view; (J) penes in dorsal view. Photos A-E, I-J by FFS; F-H by VAS.

Figure 4 Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): mandibles of nymph: (A-D) left mandible in dorsal view; (E-H) right mandible in ventral view; (B) incisors; (C) prostheca; (D) molar; (F) incisors and prostheca; (G-H) molar. Abbreviations: i1 = outer incisor; i2 = inner incisor; m = molar; prs = prostheca. Photos A-H by VAS.

Figure 5 Ulmeritus saopaulensis (Traver, 1946Traver, J. R., 1946. Notes on neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae. Subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Rev. Entomol. 17, 418-436.): (A) fore leg with (B) femur, (C) tibia, and (D) tarsus; (E) middle leg with (F) femur, (G) tibia and (H) tarsus; (I) hind leg with (J) femur, (K) tibia and tarsus (L; (M) chorionic surface of egg with micropyles (arrows); (N) KCTs coiled. Photos A, E, I by VAS. B-D, F-H, J-L and M-N by FFS.

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Redescription of adults, nymphs and taxonomic notes on the Southern Brazilian mayfly <i>Ulmeritus saopaulensis</i> (Traver, 1946) (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)

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[1] *Corresponding author:E-mail:viniciusdeassisidl@gmail.com (V.A. Silva).