Physical activity in birth cohorts of three Brazilian cities (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas, and São Luís): A cross-sectional study

Confortin, Susana Cararo; Rocha, Paulo Ricardo Higassiaraguti; Silva, Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da; Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista; Horta, Bernardo Lessa; Gonçalves, Helen; Bettiol, Heloisa; Barbieri, Marco Antonio; Saraiva, Maria da Conceição Pereira; Alves, Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e; Batista, Rosângela Fernandes Lucena; Cardoso, Viviane Cunha; Silva, Inácio Crochemore Mohnsam da; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

doi:10.1590/1980-549720220024

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. bras. epidemiol. 25 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720220024 copy

Physical activity in birth cohorts of three Brazilian cities (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas, and São Luís): A cross-sectional study

Atividade física em coortes de nascimento de três cidades brasileiras (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas e São Luís): estudo transversal

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To describe the prevalence of physical activity among subjects from birth cohorts of three cities located in different regions of Brazil according to sociodemographic characteristics and sex, comparing the relationships within and between cohorts.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study involving 12,724 adolescents and young adults who participated in five birth cohorts: Ribeirão Preto [1978/79 (37/39 years old in 2016) and 1994 (22 years in 2016)]; Pelotas [1982 (30 years in 2012) and 1993 (22 years in 2015)], and São Luís [1997/98 (18/19 years in 2016)]. Leisure-time physical activity was evaluated with questionnaires (insufficiently active: <150 min/week and active: ≥150 min/week) and moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was objectively measured by accelerometry. Those, in each city, were evaluated accordingly to skin color, socioeconomic classification, and study/work activities.

Results:

The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity ranged from 29.2% at 30 years old in Pelotas to 54.6% among adolescents from São Luís. The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity was higher among younger people (54.6% in São Luís 1997), while the same was not observed for total physical activity. MVPA (3^rd tercile) was higher in the cohorts from Pelotas and São Luís. The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity and MVPA was higher in men. The data showed that the variation in physical activity was associated with sex and sociodemographic conditions in all cohorts.

Conclusion:

Sociodemographic characteristics should be considered when promoting leisure-time physical activity and actions aimed at young people, and adults who are more socioeconomically vulnerable should be encouraged.

Keywords:
Physical activity; Descriptive epidemiology; Cohort studies; Accelerometry; Questionnaires

Cohort/age in complete years	Leisure-time physical activity (active ³3. Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, Borodulin K, Buman MP, Cardon G, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020; 54(24): 1451-62. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955 https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-10... 150 min/week), %					Moderate and vigorous physical activity (3^rd tercile), %
Cohort/age in complete years	RP78 37 years	RP94 22 years	PE82 30 years	PE93 22 years	SL97 18 years	RP78 37 years	RP94 22 years	PE82 30 years	PEl93 22 years	SL97 18 years
Skin color*	0.168^†	0.030^†	0.035^†	0.124^†	0.204^†	<0.001	0.027	<0.001^†	<0.001^†	0.011^†
White	52.9	67.5	38.1	49.5	71.4	28.4	28.0	30.6	28.8	22.2
Black	40.4	50.0	44.2	56.6	79.0	71.9	42.9	41.7	49.3	36.9
Brown	47.9	55.7	30.3	52.5	74.3	41.1	47.2	46.2	38.3	36.0
Socioeconomic classification	0.001	0.088	<0.001	0.001	0.224*	0.002	0.051	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
A/B	56.3	66.3	42.7	56.2	70.4	28.9	28.4	24.1	24.0	23.1
C	42.6	53.8	33.6	49.2	74.3	45.3	47.6	41.5	37.2	33.0
D/E	0.0	66.7	26.6	38.2	77.2	33.3	50.0	54.0	52.9	44.7
Study/work	0.524	0.517	0.102	0.017	0.019	0.192	0.532	<0.001	0.013	0.800
Neither	40.0	59.3	34.2	51.9	80.9	43.2	37.5	41.0	30.1	32.9
Studies only	50.0	71.4	53.3	56.0	71.6	60.0	32.0	29.5	27.9	33.2
Works only	52.9	61.5	37.6	48.0	72.6	33.0	31.2	33.3	37.7	32.4
Studies and works	52.6	68.4	42.7	56.8	77.3	26.7	42.2	26.2	35.4	39.6

Cohort/age in complete years	Leisure-time physical activity (active ³150 min/week), %					Moderate and vigorous physical activity (3^rd tercile), %
Cohort/age in complete years	RP78 37 years	RP94 22 years	PE82 30 years	PE93 22 years	SL97 18 years	RP78 37 years	RP94 22 years	PE82 30 years	PE93 22 years	SL97 18 years
Skin color*	0.113^†	0.040^†	0.053^†	0.133^†	0.855^†	0.060	0.679	<0.001^†	<0.001^†	0.105^†
White	38.0	43.4	21.7	27.7	37.6	31.0	31.9	29.9	28.1	24.8
Black	26.8	43.2	15.9	22.2	37.6	43.6	40.0	44.5	43.0	34.3
Brown	31.4	29.5	16.5	25.0	36.1	41.4	36.0	47.1	38.5	35.1
Socioeconomic class	0.001^†	0.004^†	<0.001^†	0.001^†	0.057^†	<0.001	0.338	<0.001^†	<0.001^†	<0.001^†
A/B	41.3	46.6	26.8	36.5	41.5	27.9	29.3	22.4	27.9	16.2
C	27.3	34.5	15.5	20.8	39.9	45.8	37.8	39.5	34.6	35.4
D/E	19.0	18.7	6.6	14.0	32.2	54.5	40.0	58.4	43.3	40.6
Study and work	0.002^†	0.387^†	<0.001^†	<0.001^†	0.878^†	0.192	0.532	<0.001^†	0.013^†	0.800^†
Neither	31.2	38.1	13.3	15.7	36.3	43.2	37.5	41.0	30.1	32.9
Studies only	42.9	51.2	22.6	37.2	36.5	60.0	32.0	29.5	27.9	33.2
Works only	36.7	37.6	20.7	22.0	41.7	33.0	231.2	33.3	37.7	32.4
Studies and works	57.5	42.1	28.4	34.7	36.6	26.7	35.5	26.2	35.4	39.6

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[1] Corresponding author: Susana Cararo Confortin. Rua Barão de Itapari, 155, CEP: 65020-905, São Luís (MA), Brazil. E-mail: susanaconfortin@gmail.com