Brazilian normative data for the Short Form 36 questionnaire,
          version 2

Laguardia, Josué; Campos, Mônica Rodrigues; Travassos, Claudia; Najar, Alberto Lopes; Anjos, Luiz Antonio dos; Vasconcellos, Miguel Murat

doi:10.1590/S1415-790X2013000400009

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Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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Original Articles • Rev. bras. epidemiol. 16 (04) • Dec 2013 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-790X2013000400009 copy

Brazilian normative data for the Short Form 36 questionnaire, version 2

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

METHODS:

The study Pesquisa Dimensões Sociais das Desigualdades (PDSD) (Social Dimensions of Inequalities) involves 12,423 randomly selected Brazilian men and women aged 18 years old or more from urban and rural areas of the five Brazilian regions, and the information collected included the SF-36 as a measure of health-related quality of life. This provided a unique opportunity to develop age and gender-adjusted normative data for the Brazilian population.

RESULTS:

Brazilian men scored substantially higher than women on all eight domains and the two summary component scales of the SF-36. Brazilians scored less than their international counterparts on almost all of SF-36 domains and both summary component scales, except on general health status (US), pain (UK) and vitality (Australia, US and Canada).

CONCLUSION:

The differences in the SF-36 scores between age groups, genders and countries confirm that these Brazilian norms are necessary for comparative purposes. The data will be useful for assessing the health status of the general population and of patient populations, and the effect of interventions on health-related quality of life.

Quality of life; SF-36; Normative data; Survey; General population; Stratified random sample

Age group	PH	RF	BP	GH	VT	SF	RE	MH	Physical	Mental
Up to 24 years old(n = 645)
Mean	91.4	87.8	85.8	79.8	77.4	89.9	88.1	76.5	55.2	51.8
95%CI	89.8 – 92.9	86.0 – 89.5	84.2 – 87.5	78.3 – 81.3	75.9 – 78.9	88.4 – 91.4	86.3 – 89.9	75.0 – 78.0	54.7 – 55.7	51.0 – 52.5
% ground	2.0	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.6	1.4	0.2	0.2	0.8
% ceiling	72.6	67.5	56.6	11.3	18.4	71.0	71.3	15.5	42.5	10.5
25 – 34 years old(n = 2100)
Mean	89.7	88.4	86.1	80.1	76.9	90.6	89.4	76.9	54.9	52.3
95%CI	88.7 – 90.7	87.4 – 89.3	85.2 – 87.1	79.3 – 80.9	76.0 – 77.7	89.8 – 91.4	88.5 – 90.4	76.0 – 77.8	54.5 – 55.2	51.9 – 52.7
% ground	2.1	1.2	0.7	0.1	0.2	0.4	1.3	0.1	0.1	0.8
% ceiling	70.5	70.3	58.6	11.0	14.6	71.9	73.7	16.3	43.5	10.6
35 – 44 years old(n = 2685)
Mean	83.5	81.6	74.8	73.7	88.1	86.5	75.3	52.3	51.6	83.5
95%CI	82.5 – 84.6	83.0 – 85.0	80.7 – 82.5	73.9 – 75.6	72.9 – 74.5	87.3 – 88.9	85.6 – 87.4	74.5 – 76.1	52.0 – 52.7	51.2 – 52.0
% ground	3.7	2.5	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.4	2.1	0.1	0.6	0.9
% ceiling	58.6	62.7	49.6	6.1	13.1	65.4	67.7	14.1	33.5	10.2
45 – 54 years old(n = 2555)
Mean	76.5	78.8	75.5	69.3	71.7	84.0	82.2	74.1	49.4	50.9
95%CI	75.3 – 77.6	77.7 – 79.9	74.4 – 76.6	68.4 – 70.2	70.9 – 72.6	83.1 – 84.9	81.1 – 83.2	73.2 – 74.9	49.0 – 49.8	50.5 – 51.4
% ground	3.3	3.0	1.6	0.4	0.3	0.7	3.2	0.2	0.8	0.9
% ceiling	43.2	53.7	41.8	4.4	13.6	58.1	61.1	14.5	23.7	13.4
55 – 64 years old(n = 2120)
Mean	68.5	71.2	70.6	65.0	69.3	80.1	77.3	72.6	46.4	50.2
95%CI	67.2 – 69.8	69.8 – 72.5	69.3 – 71.8	63.9 – 66.0	68.3 – 70.3	79.0 – 81.2	76.0 – 78.6	71.7 – 73.6	45.9 – 46.8	49.6 – 50.7
% ground	3.7	4.3	1.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	3.5	0.3	1.5	0.9
% ceiling	29.6	43.4	33.1	2.5	13.2	51.1	52.5	14.2	14.8	13.8
65 – 74 years old(n = 1565)
Mean	58.2	65.1	68.4	60.7	67.2	76.6	73.1	73.2	43.2	50.2
95%CI	56.6 – 59.9	63.4 – 66.7	66.9 – 69.8	59.5 – 61.9	66.0 – 68.3	75.3 – 77.9	71.6 – 74.7	72.1 – 74.3	42.6 – 43.7	49.6 – 50.8
% ground	5.6	7.2	2.3	1.4	0.8	1.2	4.9	0.1	1.7	0.8
% ceiling	16.4	34.5	31.0	1.8	10.8	44.2	45.8	14.4	8.6	15.4
= 75 years old(n = 754)
Mean	45.4	54.3	64.5	55.8	64.7	70.9	66.8	73.2	38.8	49.9
95%CI	43.0 – 47.8	51.8 – 56.9	62.3 – 66.6	54.0 – 57.6	62.9 – 66.4	68.8 – 73.0	64.4 – 69.3	71.6 – 74.8	38.0 – 39.7	49.0 – 50.9
% ground	11.0	12.2	3.2	1.9	1.2	1.9	7.2	0.8	4.3	1.2
% ceiling	9.2	26.4	27.1	2.3	12.1	37.5	40.6	17.9	5.2	19.4
Total(n = 12423)
Mean	75.5	77.5	76.7	70.2	71.9	83.9	81.7	74.5	49.3	51.1
95%CI	74.9 – 76.0	77.8 – 78.0	76.3 – 77.2	69.8 – 70.6	71.5 – 72.3	83.5 – 84.3	81.2 – 82.2	74.2 – 74.9	49.1 – 49.5	50.9 – 51.3
% ground	3.9	3.8	1.4	0.6	0.4	0.7	3.1	0.2	1.0	0.9
% ceiling	44.9	53.3	43.3	5.5	13.4	58.5	60.6	14.9	25.5	12.8

Age group	PH	RF	BP	GH	VT	SF	RE	MH	Physical	Mental
Up to24 years old(n = 645)
Mean	95.3	89.8	90.6	83.7	80.4	93.1	90.0	80.9	56.6	53.4
95%CI	93.1 – 97.5	87.0 – 92.6	88.3 – 92.8	81.5 – 85.9	77.8 – 83.1	91.1 – 95.1	87.0 – 93.0	78.6 – 83.2	55.9 – 57.2	52.2 – 54.6
% ground	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
% ceiling	85.4	70.1	66.0	14.6	25.8	78.0	76.9	22.5	49.0	14.4
25 – 34 years old(n = 2100)
Mean	92.0	90.6	89.8	83.2	81.3	92.8	90.0	82.1	55.7	54.4
95%CI	90.6 – 93.5	89.2 – 92.0	88.5 – 91.1	82.1 – 84.3	80.2 – 82.4	91.7 – 93.8	87.0 – 93.0	81.0 – 83.2	55.2 – 56.1	53.8 – 54.9
% ground	2.2	1.2	0.8	0.0	0.1	0.4	1.2	0.0	0.0	0.1
% ceiling	78.2	76.3	69.2	14.2	19.2	77.0	78.8	21.4	50.7	12.4
35 – 44 years old(n = 2685)
Mean	86.5	87.1	85.4	77.7	78.6	91.5	89.9	79.8	53.4	53.9
95%CI	84.9 – 88.1	85.8 – 88.5	84.1 – 86.7	76.5 – 78.9	77.6 – 79.7	90.5 – 92.5	88.7 – 91.1	78.8 – 80.8	52.8 – 53.9	53.4 – 54.4
% ground	4.0	2.3	0.6	0.1	0.0	0.4	1.4	0.1	0.9	0.6
% ceiling	67.2	67.8	58.4	8.0	17.4	72.2	73.8	18.1	37.7	11.9
45 – 54 years old(n = 2555)
Mean	80.8	82.4	80.5	72.1	75.4	86.4	86.0	77.4	51.0	52.5
95%CI	79.1 – 82.6	80.8 – 84.0	79.0 – 82.1	70.7 – 73.4	74.2 – 76.6	85.1 – 87.8	84.5 – 87.5	76.2 – 78.7	50.4 – 51.6	51.9 – 53.1
% ground	4.0	2.6	1.5	0.3	0.0	0.6	2.3	0.1	0.7	0.3
% ceiling	52.3	60.4	49.4	5.0	17.1	63.1	67.4	17.4	29.0	16.2
55 – 64 years old(n = 2120)
Mean	74.3	75.9	76.8	67.2	74.0	84.3	81.2	77.1	48.3	52.2
95%CI	72.2 – 76.3	73.8 – 78.0	75.0 – 78.6	65.5 – 68.8	72.5 – 75.4	82.7 – 85.8	79.3 – 83.1	75.7 – 78.5	47.6 – 49.0	51.4 – 52.9
% ground	3.8	4.5	1.4	1.0	0.5	0.8	2.9	0.5	1.2	0.6
% ceiling	39.0	52.6	41.3	3.9	17.2	59.3	60.2	19.1	19.1	15.9
65 – 74 years old(n = 1565)
Mean	64.1	67.8	73.6	62.2	70.1	79.5	75.8	74.9	45.1	51.0
95%CI	61.7 – 66.6	65.2 – 70.3	71.4 – 75.8	60.4 – 64.0	68.4 – 71.9	77.4 – 81.5	73.5 – 78.2	73.3 – 76.5	44.2 – 45.9	50.1 – 51.9
% ground	4.8	6.0	1.5	0.9	0.3	0.9	4.6	0.0	0.6	0.6
% ceiling	20.1	38.4	39.8	2.1	13.4	50.9	50.3	14.0	12.0	16.7
= 75 years old(n = 754)
Mean	48.0	56.0	67.6	56.5	68.0	73.8	68.3	76.8	39.5	51.5
95%CI	44.5 – 51.5	52.2 – 59.8	64.4 – 70.9	53.9 – 59.1	65.5 – 70.5	70.8 – 76.8	64.7 – 72.0	74.7 – 79.0	38.3 – 40.7	50.3 – 52.8
% ground	9.3	10.2	2.7	1.5	0.3	0.6	6.3	0.0	5.1	0.6
% ceiling	9.0	28.8	31.0	1.5	12.1	39.9	41.7	20.2	5.7	19.3
Total(n = 12423)
Mean	79.4	80.7	81.4	72.7	76.0	86.9	84.8	78.5	50.7	52.9
95%CI	78.6 – 80.3	79.9 – 81.4	80.7 – 82.1	72.1 – 73.4	75.4 – 76.6	86.3 – 87.5	84.1 – 85.5	78.0 – 79.0	50.4 – 51.0	52.6 – 53.1
% ground	4.0	3.4	1.2	0.5	0.2	0.6	2.5	0.1	0.9	0.4
% ceiling	52.6	59.2	51.9	6.9	17.1	64.6	66.3	18.5	30.3	14.7

PH	RF	BP	GH	VT	SF	RE	MH	Physical	Mental	PH
Up to24 years old(n = 645)
Mean	89.4	86.8	83.5	77.9	75.8	88.3	87.2	74.3	54.5	50.9
95%CI	87.3 – 91.5	84.5 – 89.0	81.3 – 85.6	75.9 – 79.9	74.0 – 77.7	86.3 – 90.3	85.0 – 89.4	72.5 – 76.2	53.8 – 55.2	49.9 – 51.9
% ground	2.1	0.7	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.9	1.2	0.2	0.20	1.2
% ceiling	66.7	66.4	51.7	9.7	14.7	67.7	68.4	12.0	39.2	8.6
25 – 34 years old(n = 2100)
Mean	87.8	86.6	83.3	77.7	73.4	88.9	87.9	72.9	54.2	50.7
95%CI	86.5 – 89.2	85.2 – 87.9	82.0 – 84.6	76.5 – 78.9	72.2 – 74.5	87.7 – 90.0	86.6 – 89.2	71.7 – 74.1	53.8 – 54.6	50.1 – 51.2
% ground	2.0	1.2	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.5	1.4	0.3	0.2	1.4
% ceiling	64.6	65.9	50.5	8.6	11.0	67.8	70.1	12.2	37.9	9.2
35 – 44 years old(n = 2685)
Mean	81.2	81.5	78.6	72.4	69.7	85.4	83.8	71.7	51.5	49.8
95%CI	79.8 – 82.6	80.1 – 82.9	77.3 – 79.9	71.3 – 73.6	68.6 – 70.8	84.3 – 86.5	82.5 – 85.1	70.6 – 72.8	51.1 – 52.0	49.2 – 50.3
% ground	3.3	2.6	0.9	0.5	0.3	0.3	2.7	0.1	0.5	1.1
% ceiling	51.5	58.7	42.5	4.7	9.8	60.0	63.0	11.0	30.2	8.9
45 – 54 years old(n = 2555)
Mean	73.3	76.2	71.9	67.2	69.1	82.2	79.4	71.6	48.3	49.7
95%CI	71.7 – 74.8	74.6 – 77.7	70.4 – 73.3	66.0 – 68.4	67.9 – 70.2	81.0 – 83.5	77.9 – 80.8	70.4 – 72.7	47.7 – 48.8	49.1 – 50.3
% ground	2.8	3.3	1.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	3.8	0.3	0.8	1.4
% ceiling	36.6	48.9	36.0	4.0	11.1	54.5	56.4	12.3	19.8	11.4
55 – 64 years old(n = 2120)
Mean	64.5	67.9	66.2	63.4	66.0	77.2	74.6	69.5	45.0	48.8
95%CI	62.8 – 66.2	66.2 – 69.7	64.5 – 67.9	62.1 – 64.8	64.7 – 67.3	75.7 – 78.6	72.9 – 76.3	68.2 – 70.8	44.4 – 45.6	48.1 – 49.5
% ground	3.7	4.3	2.2	1.0	1.0	0.8	4.0	0.2	1.7	1.2
% ceiling	23.1	37.0	27.4	1.7	10.4	45.3	47.2	10.7	11.8	12.3
65 – 74 years old(n = 1565)
Mean	54.0	63.2	64.7	59.7	65.1	74.6	71.2	72.0	41.8	49.7
95%CI	51.9 – 56.2	61.0 – 65.3	62.7 – 66.6	58.0 – 61.3	63.5 – 66.6	72.8 – 76.3	69.1 – 73.2	70.5 – 73.5	41.1 – 42.6	48.9 – 50.5
% ground	6.1	8.1	2.8	1.8	1.2	1.3	5.0	0.1	2.4	0.9
% ceiling	13.9	31.7	24.9	1.5	9.1	39.6	42.5	14.7	6.3	14.4
= 75 years old(n = 754)
Mean	43.3	53.0	61.9	55.3	62.1	68.6	65.6	70.3	38.3	48.7
95%CI	40.0 – 46.6	49.6 – 56.4	59.0 – 64.9	52.7 – 57.8	59.7 – 64.5	65.7 – 71.6	62.3 – 68.9	68.0 – 72.6	37.2 – 39.5	47.4 – 50.0
% ground	12.4	14.0	3.6	2.1	1.7	2.9	7.8	1.4	3.6	1.9
% ceiling	9.3	24.5	24.3	2.9	11.8	35.9	39.9	16.2	4.8	19.7
Total(n = 12423)
Mean	72.5	75.2	73.4	68.3	68.9	81.7	79.5	71.6	48.3	49.7
95%CI	71.8 – 73.3	74.5 – 75.9	72.7 – 74.0	67.8 – 68.9	68.3 – 69.4	81.1 – 82.3	78.8 – 80.1	71.1 – 72.1	48.1 – 48.6	49.5 – 50
% ground	3.9	4.1	1.6	0.8	0.6	0.8	3.5	0.3	1.1	1.2
% ceiling	39.3	49.1	37.1	4.5	10.7	54.1	56.4	12.2	22.1	11.4

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[1] Corresponding author: Josué Laguardia Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde Avenida Brasil, 4.365, Pavilhão Haity Moussatché, Manguinhos, CEP: 21045-360, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil E-mail: jlaguardia@cict.fiocruz.br