Socio-spatial differences between homicide and suicide in Argentina, 1994-2014

Leveau, Carlos Marcelo

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Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Estudos de População

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Brasil

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ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL • Rev. bras. estud. popul. 39 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.20947/S0102-3098a0190 copy

Socio-spatial differences between homicide and suicide in Argentina, 1994-2014

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The objectives of this study are to discover the conformation of spatio-temporal clusters of suicides, homicides and deaths due to injuries of undetermined intention (MLIND) in Argentina, during the period 1994-2014, and to analyze the spatio-temporal association between suicide or homicide clusters and MLIND clusters in Argentina during the same period. The spatial units were the departments of Argentina. Space-time scan statistics were performed to detect clusters by sex and age groups (10-29 years, 30-59 years and 60 or more years). Two space-time models were used: multinomial and Bernoulli. The emergence of homicide clusters in men was more associated with steeper drops in employment levels, between 1991 and 2001, compared to suicide clusters. Areas with the highest population density and with the highest percentage of Unsatisfied Basic Needs (poverty indicator) were more likely to be included in clusters with high proportions of homicide in men, compared to suicide. There was a greater spatio-temporal overlap between MLIND and homicides. The results obtained support the hypotheses of (1) a geographical differentiation between homicides and suicides in times of economic crisis; and (2) MLIND would represent mostly hidden homicides.

Key words
Spatio-temporal analysis; Cluster analysis; Suicide; Homicide; Argentina

Sexo	Edad	Conglomerado (1)	Período	Muertes observadas	RR (2) en MLIND, homicidio y suicido
Hombres	10-29 años	Conglomerado 1	2001-2010	2.580	0,15; 1,55; 1,45
		Conglomerado 2	2005-2014	2.547	0,34; 0,67; 2,08
		Conglomerado 3	1994-2001	2.038	2,05; 0,69; 0,25
		Conglomerado 4	1994-2002	2.546	1,89; 0,81; 0,30
		Conglomerado 5	2008-2013	943	2,33; 0,35; 0,25
		Conglomerado 6	1997-2006	2.235	0,28; 1,58; 1,26
		Conglomerado 7	2010-2014	560	2,45; 0,32; 0,14
		Conglomerado 8	1994-1999	1.249	1,93; 0,69; 0,34
	30-59 años	Conglomerado 1	1997-2006	2.193	0,16; 1,18; 1,75
		Conglomerado 2	1994-2001	2.145	1,87; 0,77; 0,35
		Conglomerado 3	1994-2001	2.112	1,91; 0,69; 0,38
		Conglomerado 4	2008-2014	1.086	2,19; 0,46; 0,27
		Conglomerado 5	1997-2004	1.372	0,15; 1,26; 1,69
		Conglomerado 6	1997-2006	1.897	0,32; 1,76; 1,14
		Conglomerado 7	2002-2011	2.066	0,39; 1,19; 1,49
		Conglomerado 8	1994-2000	815	2,04; 0,57; 0,32
		Conglomerado 9	1994-2002	1.406	1,73; 0,88; 0,40
	60+ años	Conglomerado 1	1998-2007	1.310	0,21; 0,66; 1,79
		Conglomerado 2	1997-2004	824	0,13; 0,94; 1,76
		Conglomerado 3	1994-2001	1.208	1,93; 0,50; 0,45
		Conglomerado 4	2008-2014	631	2,16; 0,49; 0,26
		Conglomerado 5	1994-2001	1.119	1,82; 0,61; 0,49
		Conglomerado 6	1994-2001	1.110	1,75; 0,71; 0,51
		Conglomerado 7	1994-1997	610	1,96; 0,39; 0,43
		Conglomerado 8	1998-2007	740	0,31; 2,18; 1,23
		Conglomerado 9	2005-2014	614	0,34; 1,73; 1,33
Mujeres	10-29 años	Conglomerado 1	1994-1999	344	2,44; 0,29; 0,33
		Conglomerado 2	2005-2014	599	0,23; 0,69; 1,74
		Conglomerado 3	1994-2001	443	2,22; 0,67; 0,33
		Conglomerado 4	1999-2008	459	0,19; 1,46; 1,43
		Conglomerado 5	2001-2009	450	0,27; 1,19; 1,47
		Conglomerado 6	2011-2014	86	2,70; 0,47; 0,03
		Conglomerado 7	1997-2005	220	0,15; 1,66; 1,35
		Conglomerado 8	2005-2014	205	0,29; 1,32; 1,39
	30-59 años	Conglomerado 1	1997-2006	503	0,15; 1,37; 1,52
		Conglomerado 2	1994-2001	496	2,00; 0,55; 0,48
		Conglomerado 3	1994-2000	427	2,03; 0,53; 0,46
		Conglomerado 4	1997-2003	315	0,12; 1,14; 1,64
		Conglomerado 5	2000-2009	420	0,29; 1,97; 1,14
		Conglomerado 6	1994-2001	289	1,88; 0,90; 0,39
		Conglomerado 7	2005-2014	452	0,46; 1,24; 1,32
	60+ años	Conglomerado 1	1999-2008	347	0,20; 1,71; 1,93
		Conglomerado 2	2003-2008	235	1,91; 0,20; 0,10
		Conglomerado 3	1997-2006	266	0,23; 1,57; 1,93
		Conglomerado 4	1994-2000	293	1,58; 0,53; 0,40
		Conglomerado 5	1994-2001	355	1,52; 0,63; 0,45
		Conglomerado 6	2002-2011	303	0,47; 1,40; 1,63
		Conglomerado 7	2007-2014	46	1,91; 0,30; 0

Sexo	Edad	Conglomerado (1)	Período	RR (2) de muerte por homicidio
Hombres	10-29 años	Conglomerado 1	2005-2014	0,45
		Conglomerado 2	2002-2011	0,50
		Conglomerado 3	1994-2003	1,56
		Conglomerado 4	1994-2003	1,49
		Conglomerado 5	1998-2007	1,66
		Conglomerado 6	1994-2003	1,63
		Conglomerado 7	2005-2014	0,51
		Conglomerado 8	2012-2014	1,81
		Conglomerado 9	2004-2013	0,43
		Conglomerado 10	1998-2007	0,40
		Conglomerado 11	2002-2011	0,43
		Conglomerado 12	1996-2005	1,27
		Conglomerado 13	2007-2014	1,38
		Conglomerado 14	2002-2011	0,45
	30-59 años	Conglomerado 1	2001-2010	0,45
		Conglomerado 2	1995-2004	1,54
		Conglomerado 3	2005-2014	0,61
		Conglomerado 4	1995-2004	1,42
		Conglomerado 5	1996-2005	1,41
		Conglomerado 6	1999-2008	0,46
		Conglomerado 7	1997-2006	1,43
		Conglomerado 8	1994-2002	0,69
		Conglomerado 9	2008-2014	1,55
		Conglomerado 10	2003-2012	1,23
		Conglomerado 11	1995-2001	1,59
		Conglomerado 12	2011-2014	1,61
	60+ años	Conglomerado 1	1994-2003	0,32
		Conglomerado 2	2004-2013	2,43
		Conglomerado 3	2003-2012	1,72
		Conglomerado 4	1998-2007	1,59
		Conglomerado 5	1994-2002	0,51
		Conglomerado 6	1997-2006	0,30
		Conglomerado 7	1994-2003	0,43
Mujeres	10-29 años	Conglomerado 1	2005-2014	0,38
		Conglomerado 2	1996-2001	1,90
		Conglomerado 3	1994-2001	2,23
		Conglomerado 4	2006-2014	0,48
	30-59 años	Conglomerado 1	1994-2001	1,81
		Conglomerado 2	1998-2006	0,05
		Conglomerado 3	2003-2012	1,47
	60+ años	Conglomerado 1	1994-1999	0,07
		Conglomerado 2	2010-2014	2,29
		Conglomerado 3	2001-2009	1,93
		Conglomerado 4	1997-2003	0,11
		Conglomerado 5	1995-1999	0,07

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[1] Instituto de Producción, Economía y Trabajo, Universidad Nacional de Lanús Av. 29 de Septiembre, 3901 1826 − Remedios de Escalada, Argentina