Root development and productivity of ‘Pérola’ pineapple as a function of fertigation management

Silva, Fábio Oseias dos Reis; Zucoloto, Moises; Ribeiro, Ana Maria Alves de Souza; Bonomo, Robson; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; Nascimento, Maria Laura Urbano

doi:10.1590/0100-29452021082

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Soils and Plant Nutrition • Rev. Bras. Frutic. 43 (2) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452021082 copy

Root development and productivity of ‘Pérola’ pineapple as a function of fertigation management

Desenvolvimento radicular e produtividade do abacaxizeiro ‘Pérola’ em função do manejo da fertirrigação

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate root development and productivity of ‘Pérola’ pineapple as a function of split N and K fertilization and fertigation management. Four different split nitrogen and potassium fertilizations were evaluated in combination, as well as four different fertigation managements. Root samples were analyzed using the Safira software and surface area, length, root volume per soil volume, root diameter, dry mass, specific surface and specific length were quantified. Average fruit mass and average productivity were also quantified. The different split fertilizations and fertigation management alternatives caused changes in the root system of ‘Pérola’ pineapple. Regarding dry root mass per cm3 of soil, irrigated and fertigated plants split in twenty-seven N applications and four K applications, was 0.106 g.cm3, while irrigated and fertigated plants split in fifty-four N applications and four K applications was 0.523 g.cm3. Regarding productivity and average fruit mass, monthly applications and in four K applications until the ninth month of plant age promote greater increments, while split nitrogen fertilization showed no influence.

Index terms
Ananas comosus; plant nutrition; digital analysis; Safira

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[TFN0101] ^*
H = Hydrogen; Al = Aluminum; SB = Sum of bases; CEC = Cation exchange capacity; V = Base saturation.

pH	MO	P	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	H + Al	Al⁺³	SB	CEC	V
	dag.kg^-1	^-----mg.dm^-3-----			^{---------------------------} cmol_c.dm^{-3---------------------------}						%
4.8	1.5	8.5	34	5	0.9	0.4	1.5	0.2	1.3	1.5	47.1

Treatment*	Split N fertilization **	Split K fertilization **	************* forms	Irrigation
IF4N70K	4	70	Fertigation	Yes
IF4N35K	4	35	Fertigation	Yes
IF4N9K	4	9	Fertigation	Yes
IF4N4K	4	4	Fertigation	Yes
IF7N70K	7	70	Fertigation	Yes
IF7N35K	7	35	Fertigation	Yes
NIF7N9K	7	9	Fertigation	No
IF7N4K	7	4	Fertigation	Yes
IF27N70K	27	70	Fertigation	Yes
NIF27N35K	27	35	Fertigation	No
IF27N9K	27	9	Fertigation	Yes
IF27N4K	27	4	Fertigation	Yes
NIF54N70K	54	70	Fertigation	No
IF54N35K	54	35	Fertigation	Yes
IF54N9K	54	9	Fertigation	Yes
IF54N4K	54	4	Fertigation	Yes
NINF4N4KOS	4	4	** the soil	No
INF4N4KOS	4	4	On the soil	Yes
IF27N35K10%	27	35	Fertigation	Yes
IF27N35K2/3	27	35	Fertigation	Yes

Treatments		Vol(mm³ cm^-3)		Dia(** cm^-3)		Len(mm)		DM(g cm^-3)
IF27N4K		665,570 b		76,220 b		791,2875 c		0,106 e
IF54N4K		1297,122 ab		85,057 ab		1114,117 bc		0,523 a
IF54N9K		957,590 b		87,465 ab		1087,382 bc		0,114 de
INF4N4KOS		911,897 b		87,857 ab		999,480 bc		0,192 bcde
NIF54N70K		1108,192 b		89,182 ab		1300,417 bc		0,224 bcde
IF27N35K10%		1157,325 b		95,232 ab		1248,147 bc		0,256 bcde
IF27N9K		1394,670 ab		99,650 ab		1527,167 abc		0,270 bcde
IF27N70K		1413,625ab		110,645 ab		1634,332 abc		0,260 bcde
IF4N70K		1577,322 ab		117,957 ab		1630,211 abc		0,207 bcde
NIF7N9K		1297,000ab		120,960 ab		1490,050 abc		0,257 bcde
IF54N35K		1864,000 ab		129,922 ab		1845,987 abc		0,354 bcde
IF4N4K		1418,605 ab		133,117 ab		1656,515 abc		0,198 abcd
NIF27N35K		1675,177 ab		133,710 ab		1865,230 abc		0,250 bcde
IF7N4K		1368,537 ab		138,317ab		1681,370 abc		0,157 cde
IF4N35K		1717,200 ab		142,630 ab		1825,260 abc		0,307 abcde
IF7N35K		1665,897 ab		144,530 ab		2037,607 abc		0,286 bcde
IF4N9K		1933,755 ab		154,680 ab		2030,495 abc		0,316 abcde
IF27N35K2/3	1878,562 ab		154,875 ab		2252,950 ab		0,303 abcde
NINF4N4KOS		2553,262 a		159,272 ab		2727,357 a		0,407 ab
IF7N70K		1786,727 ab		174,002 a		2139,717 ab		0,354 abc
CV(%)		32.53		27.50		29.84		6.14

Treatments	** (mm g^-1)	SA (mm² cm^-3)	SS (mm² g^-1)
IF27N4K	88,973 c	2436,740 c	275,796 c
INF4N4KOS	194,766 bc	3207,702 bc	623,530 bc
IF54N9K	190,087 bc	3445,007 bc	604,113 bc
NIF54N70K	355,678 bc	4053,690 bc	1127,081bc
IF27N35K10%	367,236 bc	4003,425 bc	1184,803 bc
NIF7N9K	432,525 bc	4687,237 abc	1374,693 bc
IF54N4K	440,374 bc	3917,317 bc	1534,140 bc
IF7N4K	285,581 bc	5144,870 abc	877,253 bc
IF27N9K	485,4** bc	4906,817 abc	1565,121 abc
IF27N70K	557,984 abc	5141,715 abc	1756,090 abc
IF4N4K	416,886 bc	5169,010 abc	1308,307 ab
IF4N70K	418,832 bc	5343,277 abc	1407,855 ab
IF7N35K	681,363 abc	6251,060 abc	2080,092 abc
NIF27N35K	513,677 abc	5943,687 abc	1643,521 abc
IF4N35K	776,275 abc	5869,955 abc	2565,849 abc
IF7N70K	900.823 ab	6617,585 ab	2840,834 ab
IF54N35K	773.673 abc	6138,625 abc	2634,626 abc
IF27N35K2/3	747,282 abc	6972,900 ab	2297,269 abc
IF4N9K	729,623 abc	6557,935 abc	2371,321 abc
NINF4N4KOS	1206,168 a	8798,967 a	3924,324 a
CV(%)	52.11	30.62	53.45

Splits	Fruit mass (kg)	************ (kg ha^-1)
Split Nitrogen fertilization
N= 54	1.472 a	56.650.16 a
N= 27	1.505 a	57.888.22 a
N= 7	1.416 a	54.495.19 a
N= 4	1.459 a	56.121.88 a
Overall average	1.463	56.253.721
SplitPotassiumfertilization
K= 70	1.467 ab	56.443.990 ab
K= 35	1.388 b	53381.410 b
K= 9	1.504 a	57851.680 a
K= 4	1.494 a	57478.370 a
Overall average	1.463	56.253.721