Desempenho inicial de híbridos multiespecíficos obtidos por meio de cruzamentos entre <i>Passiflora edulis</i> “flavicarpa” comercial e espécies de passifloras silvestres

Grisi, Mara Cecília de Mattos; Junqueira, Nilton Tadeu Vilela; Conceição, Leo Duc Haa Carson Schwartzhaupt da; Faleiro, Fábio Gelape; Braga, Marcelo Fideles; Vilela, Michelle Souza

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Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura

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Sumário

Genetics and plant breeding • Rev. Bras. Frutic. 43 (1) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452021963 copiar

Desempenho inicial de híbridos multiespecíficos obtidos por meio de cruzamentos entre Passiflora edulis “flavicarpa” comercial e espécies de passifloras silvestres

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

A introgressão de genes de resistência a doenças em variedades comerciais, por meio de cruzamentos interespecíficos, tem sido adotada como estratégia nos programas de melhoramento de maracujá-azedo. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar 11 progênies de híbridos multiespecíficos obtidas através de cruzamentos envolvendo sete espécies de Passiflora, além de quatro cultivares comerciais, utilizando o método REML/BLUP. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados, com seis repetições e três plantas por parcela. Dez caracteres foram avaliados. Os índices aditivo, multiplicativo e de soma de ranks foram utilizados para determinar a estratégia de seleção mais adequada no melhoramento simultâneo de peso de fruto, no número de frutos e na produtividade. Plantas da progênie 325 x VAO apresentaram menor índice de desfolhamento por bacteriose e melhores médias preditas para os caracteres número de frutos e para produtividade. As progênies 325 x LD4, PL3 x LD4 e testemunhas CSB-Marília e BRS-Gigante amarelo apresentaram plantas com melhores médias preditas para caracteres relacionados à qualidade de fruto. Os ganhos genéticos obtidos demonstraram boas perspectivas para o uso de espécies silvestres no melhoramento genético do maracujá.

Termos para indexação
Maracujá; melhoramento genético; ganho genético; seleção de plantas

Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n , 14884-900 Jaboticabal SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 16 3209-7188/3209-7609 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rbf@fcav.unesp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[TFN0101] ^*
Pi: progeny to which the individual belongs; BC: backcrossing

Pi	Genotype	Genetic origin/number of plants evaluated
1	BRS Gigante Amarelo	P. edulis/ 12
2	BRS Sol ** Cerrado	P. edulis / 10
3	SCS 437 Catarina	P. edulis / 12
4	PL3 x GA (T4R4P1) x LD4	[(P. hatschbachii x P. quadrifaria) x P. incarnata] x P. edulis (BC4) / 10
5	ML1 x LD4	(P. edulis xP. cf. amethystina) x P. edulis(BC6) / 10
6	LD4 x ML 1	P. edulis x (P. edulis x P. cf. amethystina) (BC6) /11
7	ML 1 x Vermelhão (T3R3P1)	[(P. edulis x P. cf. amethystina) x P. edulis(BC5)] x (P. caerulea x P. edulis) (BC5) / 9
8	Vermelhão (T3R3P1) x ML 1	(P. caerulea x P. edulis) (BC5) x [(P. edulis x P. cf. amethystina) x P. edulis(BC5)] /9
9	Vermelhão (T3R3P1) x 325	(P. caerulea x P. edulis) (BC6) x (P. caerulea x P. edulis) (BC5) / 12
10	325 x Vermelhão (T3R3P1)	(P. caerulea x P. edulis) (BC5) x (P. caerulea x P. edulis) (BC6) / 10
11	PL4 x LD4	[(P. edulis x p. incarnata) x P. edulis (Bc3)] x [(P. edulis xP. cf. amethystina) x P. edulis (BC5)] / 11
12	PL3 x LD4	[(P. hatschbachiixP. quadrifaria)xP. incarnata]xP. edulis(BC2) / 12
13	M Rubi x ML 1	[(P. alataxP. edulis "roxo")xP. edulis] x [(P. edulis x P. cf. amethystina) x P. edulis(BC5)] /10
14	MSC-Marília	P. edulis/ 9
15	325 x LD4	P. caerulea x P. edulis (BC6) / 10

Progeny	FW (g)	TD (cm)	LD (cm)	PT (cm)	PY (%)	SPW (g)	TSS (^oBrix)	NF	EY (ton ha^-1)	DEF (%)
σ²_a	112.62	0.06	0.14	0.0084	0.0001	28.95	0.021	16.12	2.146	0.006
σ²_f	2929.38	2.24	1.18	0.0336	0.0224	373.34	5.77	131.43	22.64	0.063
h²_a	0.077	0.0549	0.245	0.503	0.015	0.155	0.007	0.245	0.189	0.205
h²_mp	0.355	0.325	0.676	0.848	0.121	0.496	0.049	0.689	0.605	0.538
A_cprog	0.59	0.57	0.82	0.92	0.35	0.70	0.22	0.83	0.78	0.73
Mean	202.53	7.88	9.68	0.63	0.42	58.55	9.18	16.29	5.75	0.31

Traits	Correlations
Traits		TSS	TD	LD	PT	SPW	NF	EY	DEF	PY
FW		0.30	0.78**	0.36	0.64*	0.61	0.12	0.36	-0.17	-0.49*
TSS			0.25	0.46	-0.07	0.68**	-0.3*	-0.23	-0.13	0.12
TD				0.1	0.57**	0.48	0.29	0.47*	-0.03	-0.34**
LD					0.19	0.24	-0.23**	-0.14*	0.36	-0.04
PT						-0.13	0.18	0.34	0.38	-0.88**
SPW							-0.16	-0.01	-0.53*	0.15
NF								0.96**	-0.37	-0.03
EY									-0.39	-0.15
DEF										-0.33*

	FW		TD		LD		PT		PY		SPW		TSS		NF		EY		DEF
R	Gain (%)	New Mean/Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean/Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean/Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean/ Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean/Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean/Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean/Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean /Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean /Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean/ Pi
1	10.55	223.90/ 15	10.56	8.71/ 15	9.94	10.65/ 14*	1.77	0.64/ 12	5.79	44.59/ 12	18.64	69.47/ 15	0.67	9.24 /1*	85.22	30.17/ 10	74.88	10.06/ 10	0.10	0.31/ 10
2	9.63	222.03/ 15	7.56	8.48/ 15	9.33	10.59/ 14*	2.03	0.64/ 12	4.10	43.89/ 12	18.46	69.37/ 15	0.64	9.24 /1*	80.09	29.33/ 10	74.86	10.06/ 10	0.19	0.31/ 4
3	9.19	221.15/ 15	6.49	8.39/ 15	9.01	10.56/ 14*	2.30	0.65/ 12	3.51	43.64/ 12	17.65	68.89/ 15	0.62	9.23 /1*	77.33	28.88/ 10	73.10	9.95/ 10	0.42	0.31/ 15
4	8.97	220.69/ 15	5.91	8.35/ 15	8.74	10.53/ 14*	2.54	0.65/ 5	3.11	43.47/ 12	17.14	68.59/ 15	0.61	9.23/ 5	74.59	28.44/ 10	71.44	9.86/ 10	0.65	0.31/ 6
5	8.76	220.28/ 15	5.53	8.32/ 15	8.54	10.51/ 14*	2.77	0.65/ 12	2.87	43.37/ 12	16.80	68.39/ 2*	0.59	9.23/ 1*	71.57	27.95/ 10	70.02	9.78/ 10	0.90	0.31/ 1*
6	8.62	220.00/ 15	5.26	8.30/ 15	8.39	10.50/ 13	3.00	0.65/ 4	2.70	43.30/ 12	16.11	67.99/ 15	0.58	9.23/ 1*	69.42	27.59/ 10	67.55	9.64/ 10	1.13	0.31/ 4
7	8.52	219.78/ 15	5.07	8.28/ 15	8.20	10.48/ 12	3.22	0.65/ 12	2.54	43.23/ 12	15.61	67.70/ 15	0.57	9.23/ 5	67.82	27.33/ 12	65.11	9.50/ 12	1.35	0.31/ 15
8	8.42	219.58/ 15	4.91	8.27/ 15	8.02	10.46/ 14*	3.44	0.65/ 1*	2.40	43.17/ 6	15.20	67.46/ 6	0.55	9.23/ 13	65.88	27.02/ 10	62.79	9.36/ 10	1.58	0.31/ 7
9	8.27	219.27/ 14*	4.79	8.26/ 15	7.86	10.45/ 14*	3.66	0.65/ 4	2.28	43.12/ 6	14.84	67.25/ 6	0.54	9.23/ 13	63.99	26.71/ 8	60.95	9.26/ 7	1.81	0.31/ 15
10	8.14	219.01/ 15	4.70	8.25/ 15	7.73	10.43/ 7	3.88	0.66/ 4	2.18	43.08/ 6	14.53	67.07/ 15	0.52	9.23/ 1*	61.53	26.31/ 10	59.06	9.15/ 10	2.03	0.32/ 10
11	8.01	218.75/ 15	4.58	8.24/ 15	7.57	10.42/ 13	4.09	0.66/ 6	2.09	43.04/ 6	14.26	66.91/ 15	0.51	9.22/ 1*	59.42	25.97/ 10	57.49	9.06/ 15	2.26	0.32/ 10
12	7.88	218.48/ 15	4.43	8.23/ 15	7.40	10.40/ 7	4.29	0.66/ 5	2.02	43.01/ 7	14.03	66.77/ 15	0.50	9.22/ 13	57.61	25.67/ 7	55.58	8.95/ 10	2.48	0.32/ 12
13	7.75	218.22/ 15	4.22	8.21/ 8	7.26	10.39/ 14*	4.52	0.66/ 3*	1.95	42.98/ 8	13.82	66.65/ 15	0.49	9.22/ 5	55.96	25.40/ 10	53.88	8.85/ 10	2.71	0.32/ 1*
14	7.63	217.98/ 14*	4.02	8.20/ 8	7.13	10.37/ 7	4.74	0.66/ 11	1.87	42.95/ 6	13.62	66.53/ 15	0.48	9.22/ 1*	54.53	25.17/ 12	52.42	8.77/ 10	2.94	0.32/ 12
15	7.50	217.73/ 14*	3.85	8.19/ 8	7.01	10.36/ 7	4.94	0.66/ 6	1.83	42.93/ 6	13.44	66.42/ 1*	0.48	9.22/ 6	53.28	24.97/ 10	51.06	8.69/ 15	3.13	0.32/ 15
16	7.32	217.35/ 14*	3.68	8.17/ 7	6.89	10.35/ 7	5.17	0.66/ 1*	1.78	42.91/ 6	13.27	66.32/ 2*	0.47	9.22/ 6	52.14	24.78/ 10	49.80	8.61/ 6	3.35	0.32/ 115
17	7.15	217.01/ 2*	3.53	8.16/ 7	6.75	10.34/ 14*	5.37	0.66/ 6	1.73	42.89/ 6	13.10	66.22/ 6	0.46	9.22/ 1*	51.04	24.60/ 8	48.67	8.55/ 10	3.58	0.32/ 15
18	6.96	216.63/ 10	3.40	8.15/ 9	6.62	10.32/ 13	5.58	0.67/ 5	1.68	42.87/ 9	12.91	66.11/ 2*	0.46	9.22/ 1*	49.96	24.42/ 8	47.64	8.49/ 15	3.81	0.32/ 15
19	6.78	216.26/ 14*	3.28	8.14/ 8	6.50	10.31/ 13	5.78	0.67/ 6	1.64	42.85/ 6	12.71	66.00/ 14	0.45	9.22/ 6	48.98	24.27/ 8	46.72	8.44/ 9	4.03	0.32/ 15
20	6.60	215.89/ 10	3.17	8.13/ 8	6.37	10.30/ 7	5.99	0.67/ 11	1.61	42.83/ 5	12.54	65.90/ 15	0.44	9.22/ 13	48.09	24.12/ 9	45.78	8.38/ 15	4.26	0.32/ 15
21	6.43	215.55/ 2*	3.07	8.12/ 10	6.25	10.29/ 7	6.21	0.67/ 11	1.57	42.82/ 11	12.37	65.80/ 2*	0.44	9.22/ 5	47.25	23.98/ 8	44.93	8.33/ 15	4.48	0.32/ 1*
22	6.26	215.21/ 1*	2.97	8.12/ 7	6.13	10.28/ 14*	6.40	0.67/ 6	1.52	42.80/ 11	12.21	65.71/ 14	0.43	9.22/ 15	46.41	23.85/ 8	44.05	8.28/ 8	4.71	0.32/ 1*
23	6.10	214.89/ 7	2.88	8.11/ 8	6.03	10.27/ 6	6.61	0.67/ 6	1.49	42.78/ 11	12.07	65.62/ 15	0.42	9.22/ 13	45.54	23.71/ 12	43.18	8.23/ 15	4.94	0.32/ 6
24	5.95	214.59/ 7	2.80	8.10/ 3*	5.93	10.26/ 12	6.81	0.67/ 8	1.45	42.77/ 11	11.93	65.54/ 1*	0.42	9.22/ 15	44.68	23.57/ 6	42.37	8.19/ 7	5.16	0.33/ 1*
25	5.81	214.30/ 2*	2.73	8.10/ 8	5.84	10.25/ 12	7.00	0.68/ 7	1.42	42.76/ 5	11.80	65.47/ 6	0.41	9.22/ 6	43.88	23.43/ 8	41.60	8.14/ 8	5.39	0.33/ 4
26	5.67	214.02/ 14*	2.66	8.09/ 1*	5.75	10.24/ 6	7.21	0.68/ 12	1.40	42.74/ 5	11.68	65.40/ 1*	0.41	9.21/ 1*	43.11	23.31/ 7	40.87	8.10/ 7	5.65	0.33/ 12
27	5.55	213.76/ 14	2.59	8.09/ 1*	5.65	10.23/ 13	7.42	0.68/ 9	1.35	42.73/ 5	11.55	65.32/ 6	0.40	9.21/ 6	42.35	23.19/ 8	40.19	8.06/ 15	5.84	0.33/ 6
28	5.43	213.52/ 1*	2.53	8.08/ 1*	5.54	10.22/ 7	7.62	0.68/ 6	1.33	42.72/ 11	11.42	65.24/ 14*	0.40	9.21/ 2*	41.62	23.07/ 15	39.54	8.02/ 12	6.10	0.33/ 6
29	5.31	213.29/ 10	2.47	8.08/ 8	5.44	10.21/ 6	7.81	0.68/ 15	1.30	42.71/ 5	11.29	65.17/ 5	0.39	9.21/ 15	40.89	22.95/ 7	38.94	7.99/ 15	6.32	0.33/ 10
30	5.20	213.07/ 14*	2.42	8.07/ 3	5.35	10.20/ 8	8.00	0.68/ 5	1.28	42.69/ 5	11.14	65.08/ 1*	0.39	9.21/ 6	40.20	22.84/ 9	38.37	7.96/ 12	6.55	0.33/ 10

Ranking		TD			LD			PT			PY
Ranking	New Mean	Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean	Pi	Gain (%)	*** Mean	Pi	Gain (%)	*** Mean	Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean
1	216.69	15	3.97	8.1945	14*	6.12	10.27	12	0	0.73	12	2.11	0.43
2	212.64	8	2.43	8.0731	13	4.68	10.13	6	1.55	0.73	6	1.56	0.43
3	210.39	7	1.76	8.0208	7	4.19	10.09	5	2.73	0.73	11	1.20	0.43
4	208.85	3*	1.42	7.9941	6	3.49	10.02	4	4.04	0.72	5	1.02	0.42
5	207.78	13	1.20	7.9762	12	3.07	9.98	11	5.57	0.72	8	0.83	0.42
6	207.00	9	1.04	7.9641	15	2.58	9.93	1*	7.2	0.71	1*	0.71	0.42
7	206.35	10	0.93	7.9554	8	2.21	9.89	3*	8.41	0.70	3*	0.61	0.42
8	205.78	1*	0.85	7.9487	5	1.91	9.86	8	9.84	0.69	4	0.52	0.42
9	205.27	2*	0.75	7.9409	3*	1.67	9.84	2*	11.2	0.68	2*	0.45	0.42
10	204.80	6	0.65	7.9333	2*	1.47	9.82	7	12.63	0.67	15	0.35	0.42
11	204.37	5	0.56	7.9259	11	1.20	9.80	9	14.17	0.66	9	0.28	0.42
12	203.97	14*	0.43	7.9157	1*	0.94	9.77	14*	15	0.65	13	0.21	0.42
13	203.50	12	0.30	7.9052	10	0.69	9.75	15	16.04	0.64	7	0.16	0.42
14	203.02	11	0.16	7.8944	9	0.33	9.71	13	16.93	0.64	14*	0.07	0.42
15	202.53	4	0.00	7.8815	4	0.00	9.68	10	17.06	0.63	10	0.00	0.42

Trait			Selection Index
	AI			MI		SRI
	Gain %	New Mean		Gain %	*** Mean	**** %	New Mean
FW	3.68	209.69		3.68	209.69	4.24	210.82
NF	34.58	21.86		34.58	21.86	30.09	21.15
EY	33.49	7.67		33.49	7.67	32.48	7.62

Ranking	NF			FW			EY			DEF
Ranking	Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean	Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean	Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean	Pi	Gain (%)	New Mean
1	10	46.66	23.88	15	6.99	216.69	10	44.93	8.33	15	0.00	30.92
2	8	33.43	21.73	14*	4.99	212.64	15	33.22	7.66	1*	1.42	31.36
3	12	28.25	20.89	2*	3.87	210.38	12	26.48	7.27	10	2.74	31.77
4	15	23.65	20.14	10	3.11	208.84	8	22.32	7.03	12	4.19	32.21
5	7	19.97	19.54	7	2.59	207.78	7	19.30	6.86	2*	5.81	32.71
6	9	17.36	19.11	1*	2.20	207.00	9	16.65	6.70	11	7.71	33.31
7	1*	14.61	18.66	6	1.88	206.35	6	14.15	6.56	6	9.77	33.94
8	6	12.50	18.32	13	1.60	205.77	1*	11.70	6.42	4	12.32	34.74
9	5	10.16	17.94	9	1.35	205.27	2*	9.45	6.29	5	15.19	35.62
10	4	8.05	17.60	3*	1.12	204.80	5	7.37	6.17	7	17.52	36.35
11	11	6.09	17.28	8	0.90	204.36	14*	5.51	6.06	8	19.68	37.02
12	2*	4.42	17.00	5	0.71	203.97	4	3.87	5.97	14*	21.97	37.73
13	14*	2.77	16.73	12	0.47	203.49	13	2.47	5.89	9	24.74	38.59
14	13	1.32	16.50	11	0.24	203.02	3*	1.19	5.81	3*	28.61	39.78
15	3*	0.00	16.28	4	0	202.53	11	0.00	5.75	13	39.84	43.26