Retirement and planning for post-work life: a study with civil servants from a Federal Institute of Education

Carneiro, Maria de Fátima Carvalho; Alves, Vicente Paulo; Silva, Henrique Salmazo da

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Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia

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Original Articles • Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol. 24 (1) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562020023.200235 copy

Retirement and planning for post-work life: a study with civil servants from a Federal Institute of Education

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective

To investigate factors associated with creating a post-work life project with workers from the Federal Institute of Tocantins, and check topics of interest to create a Retirement Preparation Program.

Method

This was an exploratory, quantitative, and cross-sectional study. The respondents were 94 civil servants among administrative technicians and scholars who would retire in 5, 10 and 15 years. Participants were assessed using a sociodemographic questionnaire - the QWLQbref questionnaire - to assess the quality of work life (QWL), and the Key Factors for Retirement Planning (KFRP) Scale.

Results

There were statistically significant and positive correlations between the psychological subdomain of QWL and the Risk Factor or Survival, and between the professional domain of QWL and the Family Relationships Factor. The group of professionals to be retired in 5 to 10 years had the highest average in the psychological domain of QWL (p=0.039). Female participants focused more on the new professional beginning than men (p=0.023), and participants without a partner had a lower score in the item ‘family relationship’ as a post-retirement planning factor (p=0.027). Among the topics for the Planning of the Retirement Program, the following stand out: financial planning (13%), specific legislation on retirement (11%), and entertainment and quality of life (7%).

Conclusion

Retirement planning was associated with the quality of life related to work, gender, and marital status. These variables together with the topics proposed by the servants can contribute to the planning of a Retirement Preparation Program.

Keywords
Retirement; Life Project; Retirement Preparation Programs

Variables	n (%)
Gender
Female	46 (48.9)
Male	48 (51.1)
Age group (years)
45 to 50	35 (37.2)
50 to 55	38 (40.4)
55 to 60	12 (12.8)
>60	9 (9.6)
Marital Status
Single	16 (17)
Married	64 (68.1)
Divorced	9 (9.6)
Widow/er	0 (0.0)
Stable relationship	5 (5.3)
Education
Higher education	4 (4.3)
Post-graduation	24 (25.5)
Master's degree	32 (34)
Incomplete Master's degree	10 (10.6)
Doctorate degree	20 (21.3)
Incomplete Doctorate degree	2 (2.1)
High School	1 (1.1)
Postdoctoral degree	1 (1.1)
Income (in minimum wages)
3 to 5	13 (13.8)
5 to 8	23 (24.5)
8 to 11	41 (43.6)
>11	17 (18.1)
Type of Career
Technician	29 (30.9)
Scholar	65 (69.1)
Exercise
Dean's office	8 (8.5)
Campus Palmas	86 (91.5)
Expectation to retire
Bonus	7 (7.4)
Up to 5 years	12 (12.8)
Up to 10 years	14 (14.9)
Up to 15 years	61 (64.9)
Have already heard of the Retirement Preparation program
Yes	42 (44.7)
No	52 (55.3)
Worried
Not at all	11 (11.7)
Very little	8 (8.5)
More or less	23 (24.5)
Very	29 (30.9)
Extremely	23 (24.5)

Score in the scales	Mean (SD)	Min-Max
Quality of Work Life
Physical	3.63 (±0.55)	2.00-4.00
Psychological	4.04 (±0.67)	2.00-5.00
Personal	4.01 (±0.56)	2.00-5.00
Professional	3.62 (±0.57)	2.00-5.00
Key Factors for Retirement Planning
Personal and social well-being	3.03 (±0.61)	1.50-4.00
Risk or survival	3.38 (±0.63)	1.00-4.00
New professional beginning	2.80 (±0.61)	1.00-4.00
Family relationships	3.36 (±0.90)	1.00-4.00

	Quality of Work Life
Expectation for retirement and Sociodemographic variables	Physical M (SD)	p-value	Psychological M (SD)	p-value	Personal M (SD)	p-value	Professional M (SD)	p-value
Expectation for retirement
Bonus	3.86 (±0.38)	0.387	4.14 (±0.69)	0.039	4.43 (±0.53)	0.076	3.71 (±0.49)	0.173
5 to 10 years	3.69 (±0.47)		4.31 (±0.68)		3.92 (±0.56)		3.77 (±0.59)
Up to 15 years	3.57 (±0.59)		3.92 (±0.64)*		4.00 (±0.55)		3.54 (±0.56)
Age group (years)
45 to 50	3.57(±0.61)	0.516	4.03 (±0.71)	0.557	4.03 (±0.45)	0.244	3.60 (±0.55)	0.793
50 to 55	3.71 (±0.52)		4.00 (±0.57)		3.97 (±0.54)		3.68 (±0.57)
55 to 60	3.50 (±0.52)		4.00 (±0.85)		3.83 (±0.83)		3.50 (±0.67)
>60	3.67 (±0.50)		4.33 (±0.71)		4.33 (±0.50)		3.56 (±0.53)
Income (in minimum wages)
3 to 5	3.38 (±0.51)	0.133	3.69 (±0.75)	0.190	3.85 (±0.38)	0.351	3.77 (±0.60)	0.450
5 to 8	3.57 (±0.66)		4.13 (±0.55)		4.00 (±0.67)		3.48 (±0.59)
8 to 11	3.68 (±0.47)		4.05 (±0.67)		4.00 (±0.55)		3.66 (±0.57)
Gender
Female	3.63 (±0.57)	0.844	4.04 (±0.59)	0.884	4.07 (±0.57)	0.296	3.67(±0.52)	0.317
Male	3.63 (±0.53)		4.04 (±0.74)		3.96 (±0.54)		3.56 (±0.62)
Marital Status
Without spouse	3.38 (±0.72)	0.089	4.06 (±0.57)	0.959	3.88 (±0.81)	0.415	3.62 (±0.72)	0.934
With spouse	3.68 (±0.50)		4.04 (±0.69)		4.04 (±0.50)		3.62 (±0.54)
Degree of concern
Not at all	3.55 (±0.69)	0.760	4.18 (±0.75)	0.670	4.09 (±0.55)	0.760	3.75 (±0.65)	0.961
Very little	3.75 (±0.46)		4.13 (±0.64)		4.13 (±0.35)		3.88 (±0.35)
More or less	3.70 (±0.56)		3.91 (±0.51)		4.00 (±0.43)		3.61 (±0.50)
Very	3.66 (±0.48)		4.07 (±0.80)		4.00 (±0.53)		3.59 (±0.57)
Extremely	3.52 (±0.59)		4.04 (±0.64)		3.96 (±0.77)		3.52 (±0.67)

	Key Factors for Retirement Planning
Expectation for retirement sociodemographic variables	Personal and social well-being	p -value	Risk or survival	p-value	New professional beginning	p-value	Family relationships	p-value
Expectation for retirement*
Bonus	2.88 (±0.37)	0.432	3.50 (±0.29)	0.678	2.81 (±0.63)	0.857	3.43 (±0.84)	0.977
5 to 10 years	3.06 (±0.80)		3.18 (±0.87)		2.77 (±0.78)		3.25 (±1.13)
Up to 15 years	3.03 (±0.55)		3.45 (±0.51)		2.82 (±0.53)		3.40 (±0.81)
Age group (years)
45 to 50	2.91 (±0.63)	0.642	3.36 (±0.68)	0.844	2.80 (±0.64)	0.967	3.36 (±0.86)	0.937
50 to 55	3.11 (±0.61)		3.42 (±0.63)		2.83 (±0.58)		3.39 (±0.91)
55 to 60	3.06 (±0.64)		3.25 (±0.68)		2.69 (±0.66)		3.29 (±1.16)
≥60	3.11 (±0.56)		3.47 (±0.32)		2.85 (±0.63)		3.33 (±0.79)
Income (in minimum wages)
3 to 5	3.00 (±0.65)	0.361	3.19 (±0.69)	0.089	2.69 (±0.66)	0.197	3.46 (±0.88)	0.140
5 to 8	3.16 (±0.47)		3.61 (±0.47)		2.77 (±0.55)		2.96 (±1.09)
8 to 11	3.06 (±0.57)		3.43 (±0.48)		2.96 (±0.43)		3.55 (±0.74)
Gender
Female	3.14 (±0.60)	0.102	3.48 (±0.55)	0.142	2.96 (±0.55)	0.023	3.20 (±0.96)	0.075
Male	2.92 (±0.61)		3.29 (±0.69)		2.66 (±0.63)		3.52 (±0.82)
Marital Status
Without spouse	3.25 (±0.64)	0.132	3.56 (±0.45)	0.236	2.81 (±0.62)	0.790	2.78 (±1.22)	0.027
With spouse	2.98 (±0.60)		3.34 (±0.65)		2.80 (±0.61)		3.48 (±0.78)
Degree of concern
Not at all	3.33 (±0.58)	0.001	3.66 (±0.32)	0.053	3.15 (±0.50)	0.099	3.86 (±0.32)	0.057
Very little	2.44 (±0.62)*		2.75 (±0.99)		2.63 (±0.92)		2.88 (±0.88)
More or less	2.90 (±0.64)		3.46 (±0.73)		2.88 (±0.66)		3.22 (±0.91)
Very	2.89 (±0.52)**		3.29 (±0.53)		2.64 (±0.56)		3.53 (±0.74)
Extremely	3.38 (±0.45)		3.50 (±0.44)		2.83 (±0.48)		3.22 (±1.15)

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[1] Correspondence Maria de Fátima Carvalho Carneiro fafasocial@gmail.com