Vantagens e desvantagens do aborto medicamentoso, segundo os residentes brasileiros em ginecologia e obstetrícia

Bento, Silvana Ferreira; Pádua, Karla Simônia de; Pacagnella, Rodolfo de Carvalho; Fernandes, Karayna Gil; Osis, Maria José Duarte; Duarte, Graciana Alves; Faúndes, Anibal

doi:10.1055/s-0040-1718952

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet. 42 (12) • Dez 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1718952 copiar

Vantagens e desvantagens do aborto medicamentoso, segundo os residentes brasileiros em ginecologia e obstetrícia

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Objetivo

Descobrir qual foi a opinião dos residentes em ginecologia e obstetrícia sobre as vantagens e desvantagens do aborto medicamentoso em relação aos procedimentos cirúrgicos.

Métodos

Estudo multicêntrico transversal entre residentes de ginecologia e obstetrícia de 21 maternidades localizadas em 4 diferentes regiões geográficas do Brasil, utilizando um questionário autorrespondido com 31 questões relacionadas à sua opinião e experiência na prestação de serviços de aborto.

Resultados

A maioria dos residentes concordou que "ser menos invasivo" (94,7%), "não necessitar de anestesia" (89,7%), "poder ser acompanhado durante o processo" (89,1%), "prevenir trauma físico" (84,4%) foram as principais vantagens do aborto medicamentoso.

Conclusão

Os residentes perceberam tanto questões clínicas como pessoais como sendo vantagens do aborto medicamentoso.

Palavras-chave:
aborto; aborto legal; corpo clínico hospitalar; brasil

Characteristics	n	%
Age (years old)	403
≤ 27	227	56.3
≥ 28	176	43.7
Gender	403
Female	327	81.1
Male	76	18.9
Marital Status	403
Without a stable partner	282	70.0
With a stable partner	121	30.0
Year of residency	402
1^st or 2^nd	274	68.2
3^rd–5^th	128	31.8
Region of birth
Southeast	207	51.2
Northeast	117	29.0
North	35	8.7
South	28	6.9
Midwest	10	2.5
Another country	7	1.7
Declared religion *	403
Catholic	235	58.3
Other	92	22.7
None	76	19.0
Importance of religion in their life	402
Very important	121	36.8
Important	176	53.7
Of little or no importance	31	9.5

Possible advantages/ disadvantages of medical abortion	Advantage%	Disadvantage%	Don't know%
Does not requires anesthesia (n= 398)	89.7	3.3	7.0
Women can see what is happening	51.3	29.7	19.0
More “natural”, like a miscarriage	79.4	6.6	14.1
Prevents physical trauma	85.6	4.0	10.3
Feeling in control of the process	60.0	10.3	29.8
It is less invasive	94.7	1.5	3.5
More private, can be done at home	40.8	34.7	24.6
Can be accompanied	89.1	3.0	7.8
Less expensive	84.4	4.5	11.1
Pain may be greater	13.8	70.6	15.6
Bleeding may be greater	10.4	70.7	18.8
Requires more visits	32.6	47.0	20.4
Higher failure rate	6.6	76.2	17.1
Women may have chills	6.8	68.2	24.9
It has more side effects	5.0	75.3	19.6

Possible advantages and disadvantages of medical abortion	Evaluation of residents	Involved in providing legal abortion services
Possible advantages and disadvantages of medical abortion	Evaluation of residents	Yes%	Not%	p-value
Did not require anesthesia (n= 398)	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	91.30.97.8	89.14.26.7	0.219
Women can see what is happening	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	52.828.518.7	47.432.819.8	0.599
More “natural”, like a miscarriage	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	80.66.313.1	76.37.016.9	0.612
Prevent physical trauma	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	97.23.69.2	81.75.213.1	0.366
Feeling in control of the process	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	64.17.828.1	49.616.533.9	0.008
It is less invasive	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	96.51.42.1	91.21.87.0	0.043
More private, can be done at home	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	40.634.125.3	41.236.022.8	0.868
Can be accompanied during the process	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	91.52.56.0	83.34.412.3	0.058
Less expensive	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	85.44.610.0	81.74.413.9	0.525
Pain may be greater	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	14.372.113.6	12.467.320.3	0.243
Bleeding may be greater	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	11.171.317.6	8.869.321.9	0.524
Requires more visits	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	31.048.021.0	36.544.419.1	0.563
Higher failure rate	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	6.877.915.3	6.172.221.7	0.304
Women may have chills	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	7.169.923.0	6.164.329.6	0.302
It has more side effects	AdvantageDisadvantageDon't know	5.374.919.8	4.476.319.3	0.920

Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia Av. Brigadeiro Luís Antônio, 3421, sala 903 - Jardim Paulista, 01401-001 São Paulo SP - Brasil, Tel. (55 11) 5573-4919 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
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[1] Address for correspondence Silvana Ferreira Bento, PhD, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil (e-mail: fbento@unicamp.br).