Estratégias para enfrentamento de queixas da sexualidade após câncer ginecológico: uma revisão sistemática

Pizetta, Luciane Machado; Reis, Augusto da Cunha; Méxas, Mirian Picinini; Guimarães, Vanessa de Almeida; de Paula, Carmen Lucia

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Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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Sumário

Review Article • Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 44 (10) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1756312 copiar

Estratégias para enfrentamento de queixas da sexualidade após câncer ginecológico: uma revisão sistemática

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Objetivo

Explorar as principais queixas da sexualidade com sobreviventes de câncer ginecológico após o tratamento e identificar as estratégias de cuidados prestados.

Fonte dos Dados

As buscas foram realizadas em seis bases eletrônicas: Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsychINFO e EMBASE.

Seleção dos Estudos

Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2020 e os descritores utilizados (em inglês) foram female genital neoplasms e gynaecological cancer. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos utilizou a ferramenta Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).

Coleta de Dados

Os principais dados extraídos foram: nomes dos autores, ano de publicação, país de origem, objetivo e tipo de estudo, instrumento para coleta de dados, tamanho da amostra e faixa etária, tipos de câncer, os sintomas acometidos e as estratégias adotadas.

Síntese dos Dados

Dos 2,536 artigos identificados, 34 foram incluídos. As principais estratégias encontradas para os cuidados aos pacientes foram a comunicação paciente-médico, práticas para os cuidados sexuais, plano de cuidados individualizado, apoio a equipes multiprofissionais e desenvolvimento de programas de reabilitação. Para os cuidados de sexualidade, as práticas mais comuns são sessões de fisioterapia pélvica e o uso de géis vaginais e hidratantes.

Conclusão

As principais queixas identificadas na literatura científica foram baixa libido e falta de interesse na atividade sexual, secura vaginal, dor durante a relação sexual e estenose. Diferentes estratégias de cuidados podem ser adotadas, como o acompanhamento com uma equipe de saúde multidisciplinar e programas de reabilitação da saúde sexual, as quais poderiam minimizar estes sintomas e garantir a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

Palavras-chave
sobreviventes; câncer ginecológico; sexualidade; suporte de necessidades de cuidados

Search ID#	Search terms	Search mode
S1	female genital neoplasm OR uterine neoplasm OR vulvar neoplasm OR vaginal neoplasm	Boolean/Phrase
S2	ovarian neoplasm OR female genital cancer OR uterine cancer OR vulvar cancer OR vaginal cancer	Boolean/Phrase
S3	ovarian cancer OR female genital tumors OR uterine tumors OR vulvar tumors OR vaginal tumors	Boolean/Phrase
S4	ovarian tumors OR gynaecological cancer OR gynecological cancer OR gynaecological tumors OR gynecological tumors	Boolean/Phrase
S5	female genital carcinoma OR uterine carcinoma OR vulvar carcinoma OR vaginal carcinoma OR ovarian carcinoma	Boolean/Phrase
S6	sexual health OR sexuality OR sexual function	Boolean/Phrase
S7	patient-centered care OR patient care OR supportive care OR supportive care need* OR helping behavior OR humanization OR survivorship OR survival o OR r cancer survivorship	Boolean/Phrase

Sexuality	Survival phase
Sexuality	After treatment	Long	Mixed*
Low libido	(13, 23, 26, 37, 45, 51, 58)	(27, 56)	(10, 15, 17, 18, 30, 47, 48, 54, 55)
Vaginal dryness	(17, 23, 26, 37, 43, 50)	(46, 49, 51)	(18, 48, 47, 54, 52)
Disinterest in sexual activity	(15, 23, 26)	(49)	(14, 18, 41, 48, 50, 55, 59)
Pain during intercourse	(9, 15, 58)	(51, 56)	(14, 18, 41, 55, 59)
Lower sexual satisfaction	(17)	(46, 56)	(48, 47, 54, 55, 52)
Vaginal stenosis / shortening	(58)	−	(47, 54, 55, 52)
Menopause symptoms	(10, 26, 36)	(51)	(48)
Sexual distress	(18, 26, 36, 57, 58)	(49, 51)	(48, 54)

Study	Care Strategies
Study	Patient-clinician communication	Development of rehabilitation programs	Multiprofessional team support	Individualized care plan	Development of strategies and practices for sexuality care	Creating a support network for survivors
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[1] Address for correspondence Luciane Machado Pizetta, Avenida Maracanã, 229, 20271-110, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (e-mail: ane111278@yahoo.com.br).