Multiple myeloma (MM) presents clinically with unspecific symptoms with an association that may not be identified, thus delaying the difficult diagnosis. Primary healthcare (PHC) is the doorway to the health system in Brazil; hence, doctors in this service should be able to recognize clinical and laboratorial characteristics of MM, in order to manage the patient properly. Our objective was to verify clinical and laboratorial knowledge on MM of doctors working in PHC. An epidemiological survey was performed using a multiple-choice test completed by doctors of the 137 PHC units in Belo Horizonte (MG), between October and December 2006. Chronic and neoplastic diseases were recognized as causes of normochromic and normocytic anemia by 127 (94.1%) doctors; osteolytic lesions in the X-ray were not associated to MM by 83 (61.5%); clinical manifestations of hypercalcemia were not a clinical suspicion for the majority (82 - 60.7%); protein electrophoresis was incorrectly interpreted by 96 (71.1%) doctors and only 49 (36.3%) considered MM when presented with a characteristic clinical case. Neither time since graduation, nor time working in PHCs, nor medical specialty influenced the results. A large proportion of the studied population failed to identify the signs, symptoms and laboratorial findings of MM, which indicates the need for a greater interaction between secondary and primary healthcare professionals, which will, in turn, promote shared and continuous education among professionals at the different levels of healthcare and a higher efficiency in patient care.
Multiple myeloma; Primary Health Care; diagnosis
