A META-ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF GREEN TEA COMBINED WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON BLOOD LIPIDS IN HUMANS

Zhang, Tengfei; Chen, Si; Saito, Atushi

doi:10.1590/1517-869220202605212295

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Sumário

Meta-Analysis, Nutrition • Rev Bras Med Esporte 26 (5) • Sep-Oct 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220202605212295 copy

A META-ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF GREEN TEA COMBINED WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON BLOOD LIPIDS IN HUMANS

METANÁLISE DOS EFEITOS DO CHÁ VERDE COMBINADO COM ATIVIDADE FÍSICA SOBRE LÍPIDES SANGUÍNEOS EM SERES HUMANOS

METAANÁLISIS DE LOS EFECTOS DEL TÉ VERDE COMBINADO CON ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA SOBRE LÍPIDOS SANGUÍNEOS EN SERES HUMANOS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Most studies of green tea extract (GTE) combined with physical activity have reported a preventative effect for cardiovascular disease; however, the findings regarding the effects on serum lipids are controversial.

Objective:

This meta-analysis aimed to examine the evidence of the effects of GTE combined with physical activity on the serum lipid content in humans.

Methods:

In June 2017, we conducted electronic searches of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to identify pertinent studies: those with an experiment period exceeding two weeks, human randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and those that only assessed GTE with physical activity were included. A random effects model meta-analysis was used in this review.

Results:

A total of 271 citations were retrieved in our search of the electronic literature, and 7 RCTs, which included 608 individuals, were identified. Overall, there was no significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD:-0.169; 95% confidence interval [CI]:-0.414 to 0.076; I²=22.7%; p=0.177) or total cholesterol (TC) levels between the GTE and placebo combined with the physical activity group. Similar results were also observed for high density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). In the subgroup and sensitivity analyses of the five studies, the TC levels of the subjects who received a lower dose of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) together with performing physical activity were significantly decreased.

Conclusion:

Current evidence suggests that green tea combined with physical activity does not improve the lipid and lipoprotein levels in humans. Level of evidence I; Systematic review.

Keywords:
Green tea; Physical activity; Humans

Reference	Year	study design	Duration	P (N)	age(year)	GTE(mg)	Placebo (mg)	Density- exercise	health condition	Lipids
Belcaro G et al.²⁷27. Belcaro G, Ledda A, Hu S, Cesarone MR, Feragalli B, Dugall M. Greenselect phytosome for borderline metabolic syndrome. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:869061.	2013	randomized, single-blinded	24 W	male and female; 100N	47.6±5.5 C:45.3±3.5	300mg/d EGCG≥13% Ps:19%-25%;	Cellulose	70% moderate aerobic; 30% muscular strength	borderline metabolic syndrome	TG ↓ HDL ↑
Rostamian M et al.²¹21. Rostamian M, Bijeh N. The Effect of short-term aerobic exercise and green tea consumption on MFO, Fatmax, body composition and lipid profile in sedentary postmenopausal women. Int J Appl Exerc Physiol. 2017;6:(1) 21-31.	2017	Randomized	2 W	female; 24N	50-58	GTE: 1200	Cellulose	aerobic exercise 4 times/week; 40-50min/session	sedentary postmenopausal women	TG ↓ LDL ↓ HDL ↑
Nagao T et al.²⁶26. Nagao T, Hase T, Tokimitsu I. A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks in humans. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15(6):1473-83.	2007	randomized, double-blind, parallel	12 W	male and female; 270N	25-55	TCs: 583 Cs: 42.8 CG: 40.1 GC: 127.5 GCG: 139.7 EG: 69.4 EGCG: 100.3	Cs: 100 Caffeine: 75	daily activityassessment	visceral fat-type obesity	LDL ↓
Miyazaki R et al.²²22. Miyazaki R, Kotani K, Ayabe M, Tsuzaki K, Shimada J, Sakane N, et al. Minor effects of green tea catechin supplementation on cardiovascular risk markers in active older people: a randomized controlled trial. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2013;13(3):622-9.	2013	double-blind, placebo	14 W	male and female; 52N	69.1±5.9	TCs: 630.9 Cs: 30 CG: 24.8 GC:125.7 GCG:112.6 EG:45.8 EGCG: 143.2	TCs: 88.7 Caffeine: 82.4	walking	older people	TC ↓ LDL ↓
Gahreman D et al.²⁵25. Gahreman D, Heydari M, Boutcher Y, Freund J, Boutcher S. The effect of green tea ingestion and interval sprinting exercise on the body composition of overweight males: a randomized trial. Nutrients. 2016;8(8):510.	2016	Randomized	12 W	male 48N	26.1±0.7	GTE: 750 Ps: 562.5 EGCG: 375	None	Interval spring exercise 3times/week	overweight men	none
Stendell-Hollis NR et al.²⁴24. Stendell-Hollis NR, Thomson CA, Thompson PA, Bea JW, Cussler EC, Hakim IA. Green tea improves metabolic biomarkers, not weight or body composition: a pilot study in overweight breast cancer survivors. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2010;23(6):590-600.	2010	randomized, double-blind	24 W	female; 54N	56.6±8.1 C:57.8±8.5	Cs: 235.64 EGCG: 128.84	herbal tea	activity level assessment	overweight breast cancer survivors	HDL ↑
KajimotoOet al.²³23. Kajimoto O, Kajimoto Y, Yabune M, Nozawa A, Nagata K, Kakuda T. Tea catechins reduce serum cholesterol levels in mild and borderline hypercholesterolemia patients. 2003;33(3):101-11.	2003	double-blind	12 W	male and female;60N	47.4±10	TCs:197.4 EGCG: 67.5 ECG: 25 GCG:82.5	Cyclodextrin	walking	hypercholesterolemia patients	TG ↓ LDL ↓ HDL ↑ TC ↓

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[1] Correspondence: Atushi Saito. Faculty of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, 8190395, Japan. saito-a@ihs.kyushu-u.ac.jp