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Effects of the physical activity on the bone mineral density and bone remodelation

The purpose of this article is to make a review on different sportive modalities and the power training on the bone remodeling, and to discuss the possible relationship of the bone mineral density (BMD) to the muscular power and body composition. Several studies indicate that the high impact physical activity or physical activities demanding a high power production may have a benefic effect on the BMD due to the deformation that occurs in such tissue during the activity. Some authors have been assessing the effects of the physical training on some biochemical markers of the bone remodeling, since the variation on the concentrations of these markers might indicate a bone turnover or reabsorption state. Nevertheless, the inconsistency of the results found suggests that the analysis of the effects of the physical activity on the bone remodeling through these markers must be further investigated. There are many discrepancies as to the relationship of the BMD to the muscular power and body composition, mainly to determine what factors are most associated to the BMD. The determination of what type of physical activity is the ideal to increase the bone mass peak during the adolescence or even aiming to keep it later in the adult years is quite important in order to prevent and possibly treat the osteoporosis.

Bone health; Physical exercise; Biochemical markers; Body composition; Muscular strength


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