Characterization of Extreme Heat Events: Analyses Focused on the Impact on Asphalt Pavement

Abstract

Extreme heat events are a reality in Brazil, impacting asphalt pavements and environments. This research analyzed these events in 10 different locations in Brazil, from 1961 to 2023, through the average annual maximum temperature for 7 consecutive days; and the occurrence, duration and intensity of heat waves. The results demonstrate trends of increasing annual average values of the 7 hottest consecutive days over the period 1961-2023, with greater emphasis on the most recent years. In general, an increase in the number of heat waves per year was identified over time, with significant increases in cities in the North, Northeast and Central-West regions, especially after the year 2000. It is also worth noting that the most intense and long-lasting heat waves have occurred in recent years. Furthermore, it was observed that extreme air temperatures recorded during heat waves are often accompanied by significant amounts of solar radiation. The greater number of extreme heat events, combined with their greater intensity and duration, place greater demands on asphalt materials in terms of performance, affecting the costs of Brazilian road infrastructure.

Keywords
heatwaves; Brazil; pavement; temperature