Parametrização cúmulos profundos |
Grell e Freitas (2014)GRELL, G.A.; FREITAS, S.R A scale and aerosol aware stochastic convective parameterization for weather and air quality modeling. Atmospheric Chemistry Physics, v. 14, n. 10, p. 5233-5250, 2014.
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Betts-Miller (Betts and Miller 1986BETTS, A.K.; MILLER, M.J. A new convective adjustment scheme. part ii: Single column tests using gate wave, bomex and arctic air-mass data sets. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, v. 112, n. 473, p. 693-709, 1986.; Janjic 1994JANJIC, Z.I. The step-mountain eta coordinate model: Further developments of the convection, viscous sublayer, and turbulence closure schemes. Monthly Weather Review, v. 122, n. 5, p. 927-945, 1994.) |
Modified Kain-Fritsch with trigger based on PDF |
Parametrização cúmulos rasos |
Grell e Dévényi (2002)GRELL, G.A.; DéVéNYI, D. A generalized approach to parameterizing convection combining ensemble and data assimilation techniques. Geophysical Research Letters, v. 29, n. 14, p. 38-1-38-4, 2002.
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Faz parte do esquema de Betts-Miller |
Faz parte do esquema de Kain-Frisch |
Microfísica (MP) |
2-moment (original BRAMS) |
Ferrier (Ferrier et al., 2002FERRIER, B.S.; JIN, Y.; LIN, Y.; BLACK, T.; ROGERS, E.; DI MEGO, G. Implementation of a New Grid-Scale Cloud and Precipitation Scheme in the NCEP Eta Model. In: 19th Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting/15th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, San Antonio, Am Meteorol Soc., p. 280-283, 2002.) |
WSM 6-class graupel Scheme (WSM6) |
Processos de superfície |
JULES (Moreira et al., 2013MOREIRA, D.S.; FREITAS, S.R.; BONATTI, J.P.; MERCADO, L.M.; ROSáRIO, N.M.E.; LONGO, K.M.; MILLER, J.B.; GLOOR, M.; GATTI, L.V. Coupling between the Jules land-surface scheme and the CCATT-BRAMS atmospheric chemistry model (JULES-CCATT-BRAMS1.0): applications to numerical weather forecasting and the co 2 budget in south america. Geoscientific Model Development, v. 6, n. 4, p. 1243-1259, 2013.) |
NOAH (Ek et al., 2003EK, M.B; MITCHELL, K.E.; LIN, Y., ROGERS, E.; GRUMMEN, P.; KOREN, V.; GAYNO, G.; TARPLEY, J.D. Implementation of NOAH land surface advances in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction operational mesoscale Eta model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmosfera, v. 108, n. D22, p. 8851, 2003.) |
Unified NOAH |
Radiação de Onda Curta (ROC) |
RRTMG (Mlawer et al., 1997MLAWER, E.J.; TAUBMAN, S.J.; BROWN, P.D.; IACONO, M.J.; CLOUGH, S.A. Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 102, n. D 14, p. 16663-16682, 1997.; Iacono et al., 2008)IACONO, M.J.; DEçAMERE, J.S.; MLAWER, E.J.; SHEPHARD, M.V.; CLOGH, S.A., COLLINS, W.D. Radiative forcing by longlived greenhouse gases: Calculations with the AER radiative transfer models. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 113, n. D13, p. D13103, 2008.
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Lacis and Hansen (Lacis and Hansen 1974LACIS, A.A.; HANSEN, J.E. A parameterization of the absorption of solar radiation in the earth's atmosphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, v. 31, n. 1, p. 118-133, 1974.) |
RRTMG Scheme |
Radiação de Onda Longa (ROL) |
RRTMG (Mlawer et al., 1997MLAWER, E.J.; TAUBMAN, S.J.; BROWN, P.D.; IACONO, M.J.; CLOUGH, S.A. Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 102, n. D 14, p. 16663-16682, 1997.; Iacono et al., 2008IACONO, M.J.; DEçAMERE, J.S.; MLAWER, E.J.; SHEPHARD, M.V.; CLOGH, S.A., COLLINS, W.D. Radiative forcing by longlived greenhouse gases: Calculations with the AER radiative transfer models. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 113, n. D13, p. D13103, 2008.) |
Fels and Schwarzkopf (Fels and Schwarzkopf 1975FELS, S.B.; SCHWARZKOPF, M.D. The simplified exchange approximation: A new method for radiative transfer calculations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, v. 32, n. 7, p. 1475-1488, 1975.) |
RRTMG Scheme |
Turbulência e Camada Limite |
Mellor and Yamada (Mellor and Yamada, 1982MELLOR, G.L.; YAMADA, T. Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems. Reviews of Geophysical Physics and Space Physics, v. 20, n. 4, p. 851-875, 1982.) |
Mellor-Yamada 2.5 e Mellor-Yamada 2.0 (Mellor and Yamada 1982MELLOR, G.L.; YAMADA, T. Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems. Reviews of Geophysical Physics and Space Physics, v. 20, n. 4, p. 851-875, 1982.; Janjic 1990JANJIC, Z.I. The step-mountain coordinate: physical package. Monthly Weather Review, v. 118, n. 7, p. 1429-1443, 1990.) |
YSU Scheme |
Pontos na direção x |
1360 |
913 |
830 |
Pontos da direção y |
1480 |
2113 |
889 |
Coordenadas na vertical |
Sigma-z |
Eta (Mesinger 1984MESINGER, F. A blocking technique for representation of mountains in atmospheric mo els. Rivista di Meteorologia Aeronautica, v. 44, n. 1-4, p. 195-202, 1984.) |
Mass-based terrain following coordinate |
Número de níveis na vertical |
45 |
50 |
42 |
Número de níveis no solo |
7 |
4 |
4 |
grade horizontal |
Arakawa C-grid |
E de Arakawa |
Arakawa C-grid |
esquema de advecção |
Forward upstream of second order (Tremback et al., 1987TREMBACK, C.J.; POWELL, J.; COTTON, W.R.; PIELKE, R.A. The forward in-time upstream advection scheme: Extension to higher orders. Montlhy Weather Review, v. 115, n. 2, p. 540-555, 1987.) |
Finite Volume (Mesinger et al., 2012MESINGER, F.; CHOU, S.C.; GOMES. J.L.; JOVIC, D,; Bastos, P., et al. An upgraded version of the Eta model. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, v. 116, n. 3, p. 63-79, 2012.) |
Positivo-definido de 2a a 6a ordem |
Passo de tempo |
12 s |
10 s |
Adaptativo (mínimo 18 s e máximo 54 s) |
Esquema de topografia |
Average orography |
Steps with cutcell (Mesinger et al., 2012MESINGER, F.; CHOU, S.C.; GOMES. J.L.; JOVIC, D,; Bastos, P., et al. An upgraded version of the Eta model. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, v. 116, n. 3, p. 63-79, 2012.) |
4-point interpolation |
Mapa de topografia |
USGS (1 km de resolução) (Gesch et al., 1999) |
USGS 90 m |
GMTED 2010 |
Mapa de uso do solo |
OGE (fora do Brasil) + IBGE/INPE (no Brasil) (1 km de resolução) (Olson, 1994OLSON, J.S. Global Ecosystem Framework-Definitions. Internal Rep., USGS EROS Data Center, 37 pp, 1994.; Sestini et al., 2003SESTINI, M.; REIMER, E.; VALERIANO, D.; ALVALá, R.S.; MELLO, E.; CHAN, C.; NOBRE, C. Mapa de cobertura da terra da Amazônia Legal para uso em modelo meteorológicos. In: XI Simpósio Brasileiro de Sensoriamento Remoto, Belo Horizonte, p. 2901-2906, 2003.) |
Doyle (Doyle et al., 2013DOYLE, M.E.; TOMASELLA, J.; RODRíGUEZ, D.A.; CHOU, S.C. Experiments using new initial soil moisture conditions and soil map in the Eta Model over La Plata basin. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, v. 121, n. 3-4, p. 119-136, 2013.) |
24-category USGS landuse |
Tipo de solo |
FAO-INPE (55 km de resolução) (Zobler, 1999ZOBLER, L. Global Soil Types, 1-Degree Grid (Zobler). ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, 1999. Available online at http://www.daac.ornl.gov. http://www.daac.ornl.gov...
) |
18 tipos |
16-category BNU |
Umidade do solo |
CPTEC/INPE (28 km de resolução) (Gevaerd and Freitas, 2006GEVAERD, R.; FREITAS, S.R. Operational estimation of soil moisture for initialization of numerical prediction models of the atmosphere. Part I: Description of methodology and validation, 2006. Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia, v. 21, n. 3, p. 1-15, 2006.) |
Climatológica |
GFS |
SST |
Semanal do NCEP (111 km de resolução) (Reynolds et al., 2002REYNOLDS, R.W.; RAYNER, N.A.; SMITH, T.M.; STOKES, D.C.; WANG W. An improved in situ and satellite SST analysis for climate. Journal of Climate, v. 15, n. 13, p. 1609-1625, 2002.) |
Semanal do NCEP |
Semanal do NCEP |
Equações básicas |
Não-hidrostático |
Não-hidrostático |
Não-hidrostático |