OBJECTIVES: To describe and analyze the prevalence of refractive errors among first-graders in state schools of Passo Fundo, main city of the northeast region of Rio Grande do Sul State. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 1608 first-graders in 26 elementary state schools of Passo Fundo, evaluated in 2004. The data were collected by the CEAE (Specialized Center for Student Assistance), which was in charge of the screening at the schools, and by the specialized service, to which those students with abnormal test results were referred. RESULTS: 172 (10.88%) of the sampled individuals showed poor visual acuity or some symptoms of visual disorders, and were then referred for specialized ophthalmic examination. However, only 88 (51.16%) of the referred patients turned up for the examination. The mean age was 7.10 years (DP= 1,38). Among all evaluated, 70,46% of them had some refractive disorder, of wich hyperopia and astigmatism were the most frequent ones, having been reported in 45.45% and 10.23% of the children, respectively. The myopia were the less frequent refractive disorder, reported in 10,23% of the school children who turned up for examination. CONCLUSION: The study showed a prevalence of 3,92% of refractive errors in the population studied, although the high abstention can be underestimating this percentage. We can realize, from that on, the need of the creation of programs focused in a bigger adhesion of the students to the reference to a specialized service, in the attempt of avoiding the lack of diagnosis of easily treatable disorders in childhood.
Refractive errors; Visual acuity; School health; Students; Prevalence
