Evaluation of the use of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty

101 patients were randomized into two groups: the tranexamic acid group (n = 51) and the placebo group (n = 50). Patients were compared regarding the following parameters: reduction of hemoglobin, total estimated blood loss, drain output, and postoperative blood transfusion rate.

Results:

Comparing the groups, there were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the following parameters: reduction of hemoglobin, decreased hematocrit, estimated blood loss, and drain output. All values were lower in the tranexamic acid group. Only placebo group patients required blood transfusion.

Conclusion:

The use of intravenous tranexamic acid is effective to reduce bleeding in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Keywords:
Tranexamic acid; Bleeding; Orthopedic; Total knee arthroplasty; Blood transfusion; Blood volume

Variables	Control (n = 50)	Tranexamic acid (n = 51)	Student's t-test
	Mean	Mean	p-value
Age (years)	68.5	66.6	0.1377
Weight (kg)	78.8	76.6	0.3477
Height (m)	1.60	1.58	0.2334
Blood volume (l)	4.4	4.2	0.2517
Preoperative hemoglobin (g/dl)	14.1	13.5	0.0193
Preoperative hematocrit (%)	42.2	40.3	0.0092
TAP (%)	98.6	97.5	0.2767
Female gender - n (%)	34 (48.6)	36 (51.4)	0.778^a a Chi-squared test.

Red cells indexes	Control (n = 50)	Tranexamic acid (n = 51)	Student's t-test
	Mean	Mean (SD)	p-value
Hemoglobin reduction (g/dl)	3.2	2.2	0.0007
Hematocrit reduction (%)	9.8	7.1	0.0031
Blood volume loss (l)	1.2	0.8	0.0038
Drain output (ml)	352.6	189.3	0.0012

Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia Al. Lorena, 427 14º andar, 01424-000 São Paulo - SP - Brasil, Tel.: 55 11 2137-5400 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rbo@sbot.org.br

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[1] *Corresponding author. E-mail: rodalbuquerque19@gmail.com (R.P. Albuquerque).

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Evaluation of the use of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty☆ ☆ Study conducted at Centro de Cirurgia do Joelho, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia (INTO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Evaluation of the use of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty^☆ ☆ Study conducted at Centro de Cirurgia do Joelho, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia (INTO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.