ABSTRACT
Essential oils are secondary metabolites plants and, among other features, they own several biological properties. The term “biological” includes all activities that these mixtures of volatile compounds (mainly monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and phenylpropanoids) maintain on humans, animals and other plants. Essential oils have great economic value, being the genus Lavandula one of the most commercialized and studied type due to its dits industrial applicability and therapeutic properties. Lavenders are harvested in the nature or propagated using traditional methodologies. More recently micropropagation protocols have been developed for several Lavandula species allowing a production of a high amount of plants available at any time of the year without compromising the biodiversity of the species. Another efficient way to potentially increase the value of Lavandula species is through the development of tetraploid plants, capable of raising the production of essential oils in flowers. In Portugal, there are 5 native species of the genus Lavandula, widely distributed throughout the country. However, native Portuguese lavenders remain mainly unexplored and have received poor recognition in markets. A recent study was carried out in order to evaluate the biological properties of the oils and also to understand how they may exercise their effects, contributing to enhance the economic potential of lavandulas in Portugal. This review attempts to provide an overview about the application of in vitrocultivations for the production of essential oils in Lavandulaspp., with special emphasis on native lavandulas of Portugal.
Keywords
aromatic plants; plant biotechnology; polyploidy; review
