Seroprevalence, spatial analysis and risk factors of infection with <i>Neospora caninum</i> in cattle in Brazil’s northern Pantanal wetland

Schmidt, Ana Carolina; Pacheco, Thábata dos Anjos; Barddal, Janice Elena Ioris; Oliveira, Anderson Castro Soares de; Aguiar, Daniel Moura de; Negreiros, Rísia Lopes; Pacheco, Richard de Campos

doi:10.1590/S1984-296120180058

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 27 (4) • Oct-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-296120180058 copy

Seroprevalence, spatial analysis and risk factors of infection with Neospora caninum in cattle in Brazil’s northern Pantanal wetland

Soroprevalência, análise espacial e fatores de risco da infecção por Neospora caninum em bovinos no Pantanal norte do Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Neosporosis is caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan, Neospora caninum . It is considered one of the most widespread and frequent causes of abortion in cattle worldwide. To evaluate the prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies and associated risk factors, serum samples were collected from 2,452 bovines at 262 farms in the northern Pantanal, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Each farmer was asked to fill out a questionnaire for subsequent epidemiological data analysis. Anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected by means of the indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), using a cut-off dilution of 1:100. The overall anti-N. caninum antibodies prevalence was 25.44% (Confidence Interval - CI 95%; 20.10%; 30.78%), and the anti-N. caninum antibodies prevalence per herd was 76.72% (CI 95%; 71.60%; 81.84%). The presence of dogs, occurrence of abortion in cows, and sale of cattle for breeding were statistically associated with seropositivity in herds, while the risk of females being seropositive for N. caninum was higher in animals ≤ 6-years-old and in the presence of dogs. A spatial analysis indicated that the relative risk of the disease is spatially constant and that the farms with the highest prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies are located south of the region under study.

Keywords:
Neosporosis; antibodies; epidemiology; indirect immunofluorescent assay

Municipality	No. of farms	No. of sampled farms	No. of sampled cows
Barão de Melgaço	583	21	203
Cáceres	2848	94	1003
Nossa Senhora do Livramento	1215	43	352
Poconé	1530	52	423
Santo Antônio do Leverger	1602	52	471
Total	7778	262	2452

Associated variable	Estimate	p-value	Odds Ratio	CI ^ Confidence Interval. 95%
Presence of a dog on the farm?	0.60	0.03	1.83	1.04	3.26
Any cow or buffalo aborted during the last 12 months?	0.75	0.04	2.13	1.04	4.75
Are cows or bulls sold for breeding?	0.83	0.02	2.30	1.14	4.99
Presence of freely-roaming capybaras on the farm? ^* * Confounding variables;	0.53	0.14	1.70	0.85	3.55
Presence of equines on the farm? ^* * Confounding variables;	0.28	0.34	1.33	0.73	2.41

Associated variable	Positive	Negative
Presence of a dog on the farm?
Yes	172	42
No	29	19
Any cow or buffalo aborted during the last 12 months?
Yes	67	10
No	134	51
Are cows or bulls sold for breeding?
Yes	69	11
No	132	69
Presence of freely-roaming capybaras on the farm?
Yes	73	73
No	128	48
Presence of equines on the farm?
Yes	171	43
No	30	18

Associated variable	Estimate	p-value	Odds Ratio	CI ^ Confidence Interval. 95%
Presence of a dog on the farm	0.21	<0.0001	1.25	1.14	1.34
Animal age ^* * Age in years, considering 24-month-old cows classified as ≤ 6-year-old and >6-year-old cows;	0.06	0.02	1.07	1.01	1.13

Associated variable	Positive Real/Adjusted	Negative Real/Adjusted
Animal age
≤ 6	417/435 ^* * Values adjusted with the weighted value of the animal on each farm.	1357/1253 ^* * Values adjusted with the weighted value of the animal on each farm.
˃ 6	146/189 ^* * Values adjusted with the weighted value of the animal on each farm.	532/575 ^* * Values adjusted with the weighted value of the animal on each farm.
Presence of a dog on the farm.
Yes	477/576 ^* * Values adjusted with the weighted value of the animal on each farm.	1520/1614 ^* * Values adjusted with the weighted value of the animal on each farm.
No	86/48 ^* * Values adjusted with the weighted value of the animal on each farm.	369/215 ^* * Values adjusted with the weighted value of the animal on each farm.

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] * Corresponding author: Richard de Campos Pacheco. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias – PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária – FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso – UFMT, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, CEP 78060-900, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil. e-mail: richard@ufmt.br