Prevalence and associated factors with <i>Neospora caninum</i> infection in female water buffaloes (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>) from Pernambuco, Brazil

Oliveira, Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de; Soares, Larice Bruna Ferreira; Borges, Jonas de Melo; Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido; Pinheiro Junior, José Wilton

doi:10.1590/S1984-296120180063

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 27 (4) • Oct-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-296120180063 copy

Prevalence and associated factors with Neospora caninum infection in female water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Pernambuco, Brazil

Prevalência e fatores associados à infecção por Neospora caninum em fêmeas bubalinas (Bubalus bubalis ) em Pernambuco, Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Neosporosis is one of the major parasitic diseases that causes reproductive problems, making it a limitation for optimal efficiency in livestock. The aim of the present study was to conduct a seroepidemiological survey for bubaline neosporosis and to analyse associated factors associated with N. caninum infection in female water buffaloes in the State of Pernambuco, northeast Brazil. The prevalence of N. caninum infection in the bubaline herds examined was 35.4% (122/345; 95% CI: 30.4%-40.7%), at least 1 Neospora-positive animal was found in each farm. Associated factors for N. caninum infection identified in this study were exclusive pasture feeding (OR: 5.91, p <0.001) and purchase of animals of free fair and from reputable sellers (OR: 1.85; p =0.045). In this survey, we document the occurrence of neosporosis in female water buffaloes. Associated factors should be controlled in order to reduce the risk of N. caninum infection in these herds.

Keywords:
IFAT; neosporosis; seroepidemiology

IFAT
City	Positive		Negative		Total
City	A.F.	R.F.%	A.F.	R.F.%	Total
Água Preta	39	43.3	51	56.7	90
Canhotinho	9	42.9	12	57.1	21
Maraial	4	17.4	19	82.6	23
Ribeirão	49	30.1	114	69.9	163
Rio Formoso	21	43.7	27	56.3	48

Variable	N	IFAT Positive (%)	p value	Logistic regression
Variable	N	IFAT Positive (%)	p value	OR	CI 95%	p value
Production system
Dairy	124	46 (37.1%)	<0.001	0.79 2.12	[0.48; 1.30] [0.92; 4.86]	0.372 0.074
Beef	181	61 (33.7%)
Mixed (dairy/beef)	40	15 (37.5%)
Breeding system
Intensive	-	-	<0.000
Semi-intensive	155	38 (24.5%)		1.48
Extensive	190	84 (44.2%)		1.48	[0.88; 2.49]	0.138
Type of breeding system
Open herd	252	95 (37.7%)	0.084	0.67	[0.40;1.13]	0.136
Closed herd	93	27 (29.0%)	0.084	0.67	[0.40;1.13]
Feeding system
Grass	279	115 (41.2%)	<0.001	4.50	[1.83; 11.03]	0.001
Forage/ Creep feeding	66	7 (10.6%)	<0.001	4.50	[1.83; 11.03]
Breeding partnership
Yes	44	20 (45.5%)	0.092	0.61	[0.32; 1.16]	0.136
No	301	102 (33.9%)	0.092	0.61	[0.32; 1.16]
Animal purchasing
From reputable sellers	295	98 (33.2%)		1.85	[1.01; 3.39]	0.045
Animals of free fair and from reputable sellers	50	24 (48.0%)		1.85	[1.01; 3.39]
Quarantine animals
Yes	23	11 (47.8%)	0.143	0.57	[0.24; 1.34]	0.200
No	322	111 (34.5%)	0.143	0.57	[0.24; 1.34]
Presence of wildlife in the farm
Yes	231	86 (37.2%)	0.180	0.77	[0.48; 1.25]	0.302
No	114	36 (31.6%)	0.180	0.77	[0.48; 1.25]
Farm dogs
Yes	141	50 (35.5%)	0.532
No	204	72 (35.3%)	0.532

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] * Corresponding author: Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de Oliveira. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brasil. e-mail: pollyanne_raysa@hotmail.com