Serological prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> infection in cats (Belém, Pará, Brazil)

Rocha, Katarine de Souza; Lima, Michele de Souza; Monteiro, Thamillys Rayssa Marques; Honorio, Betsy Emely Tavares; Pinho, Ana Paula Vilhena Beckman; Paz, Giselle Souza da; Scofield, Alessandra; Cavalcante, Gustavo Góes; Magalhães-Matos, Paulo Cesar; Sampaio Junior, Francisco Dantas; Abel, Isis; Langoni, Helio; Moraes, Carla Cristina Guimarães de

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612020038

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Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Short Communication • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 29 (2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612020038 copy

Serological prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cats (Belém, Pará, Brazil)

Prevalência sorológica de infecção por Toxoplasma gondii em gatos (Belém, Pará, Brasil)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

We evaluated the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in the serum samples collected from domestic cats in Belém, Pará, Brazil. We also correlated the presence of T. gondii antibodies with environmental variables and cat-owner habits. Four-hundred and forty-seven serum samples from domestic cats were analyzed. The sera were tested using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Among the animals analyzed, 21.92% (98/447) were seropositive. A statistically significant association was found in relation to age and serology among the animals over 1 year old (p<0.01): in the group up to 1 year old, 12.82% (20/156) of the animals were positive, and in the group over 1 year old, 26.80% (78/291) were positive. Our results show that the cats in Belém, Pará region have anti-T. gondii antibodies, and their owners are not aware of toxoplasmosis or how to prevent its transmission.

Keywords:
Toxoplasmosis; feline; IFA

Variable	RIFI and Univariate analysis					Logistic regression
	Positive (n=98)		Negative (n=349)		P-value⁽2⁾	OR⁽3⁾	P-value⁽4⁾	95% CI⁽5⁾
	n	%	n	%	P-value⁽2⁾	OR⁽3⁾	P-value⁽4⁾	95% CI⁽5⁾
Sex					0.57	1.140	0.57	0.717-1.812
Male⁽1⁾	36	36.73	139	39.82
Female	62	63.26	210	60.17
Breed					0.217	0.761	0.274	0.467-1.242
Breed ⁽¹⁾	27	27.55	73	21.19
Mixed-breed	71	72.44	275	78.79
Age					0.01	2.490	0.001	0.264-0.725
Up to 1 yr. old ⁽¹⁾	20	20.41	136	38.97
>1 yr. old	78	79.59	213	61.03
Outdoor access					0.56	1.489	0.318	0.678-3.310
Yes ⁽¹⁾	85	86.73	310	88.82
No	13	13.26	39	11.17
Eating raw meat					0.092	0.947	0.274	0.863-1.038
Yes ⁽¹⁾	41	41.83	114	32.66
No	57	58.16	235	67.33
Hunting					0.63	1.153	0.634	0.642-2.072
Yes ⁽¹⁾	81	82.65	281	80.51
No	17	17.35	68	19.48

Variable	RIFI and Univariate analysis					Logistic regression
	Positive (n=98)		Negative (n=349)		P-value⁽2⁾	OR⁽3⁾	P-value ⁽4⁾	95% CI⁽5⁾
	n	%	n	%	P-value⁽2⁾	OR⁽3⁾	P-value ⁽4⁾	95% CI⁽5⁾
Origin					0.21	0.723	0.195	0.443-1.181
Born at the house⁽1⁾	68	20.48	264	79.51
Adopted	30	26.08	85	73.91
Disease awareness					0.52	0.844	0.526	0.500-1.426
Yes ⁽¹⁾	23	19.82	93	80.17
No	75	22.65	256	77.34
Awareness of the modes of toxoplasmosis transmission					0.27	0.551	0.280	0.187-1.624
Yes ⁽¹⁾	4	13.79	25	86.20
No	94	22.48	324	72.48

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: Carla Cristina Guimarães de Moraes. E-mail: ccmoraes@ufpa.br