Anthelmintic effect of four extracts obtained from Caesalpinia coriaria foliage against the eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus

Efeito anti-helmíntico de quatro extratos obtidos da folha de Caesalpinia coriaria contra ovos e larvas de Haemonchus contortus

Abstract

To investigate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria), a traditional medicinal plant used in Central America and the northern part of South America, extracts from the foliage of this plant were subjected to the egg hatching test (EHT) and larval exsheathment inhibition test (LEIT), against Haemonchus contortus. Four different extracts were evaluated: acetone-water (AW), methanol-water (MW), acetone-water-dichloromethane (AWD) and methanol-water-dichloromethane (MWD). The concentrations used for the EHT and LEIT tests ranged from 500 to 4000 µg mL^-1 and six repetitions per concentration. The effective concentrations (EC₅₀) were calculated using Probit analysis. The EC₅₀ for EHT were 2947.0, 3347.0, 3959.6 and 4538.7 µg mL^-1 for MWD, MW, AW and AWD, respectively. The EC₅₀ for LEIT were 2883.4, 5927.4, 9876.3 and 9955.4 µg mL^-1 for AWD, AW, MWD and MW, respectively. The methanol extracts were the most effective in inhibiting the hatching of eggs, while the acetone extracts showed efficacy in inhibiting larval exsheathment. This study explains the importance that C. coriaria has as a medicinal plant in Central and South American countries.

Keywords:
Ethnoveterinary; medicinal plant; herbal antiparasitic; gastrointestinal parasite; small ruminants