Increasy eutrophication symptoms during a prolonged drought event in tropical semi-arid reservoirs, Brazil

Aumento dos sintomas de eutroficação durante um evento de seca prolongada em reservatórios semiáridos tropicais, Brasil

ABSTRACT

Eutrophication is a global problem and an important cause of the ecological health degradation of aquatic ecosystems. The aim was to evaluate the effect of prolonged drought period (2012 to 2019) on the trophic state of two Brazilian semi-arid reservoirs, Boqueirão de Parelhas (BOQ) and Passagem das Traíras (TRA). The work was carried out according to a drought classification system, based on the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), with an aggregated timescale of 36 months, defining three periods. In the Period I, higher values of Secchi and lower values of turbidity, solids, nutrients and chlorophyll-a were registered, when compared to the other periods, mainly in BOQ. The principal component analyses of both reservoirs reveled a showed a temporal trend of the sample units according to the consequences of the prolonged drought. The results indicated changes in limnological variables due to the reduction of accumulated water volume, and they demonstrated that prolonged droughts impact the intensification of eutrophication in both systems. The trophic state of the BOQ reservoir was changed from mesotrophic to eutrophic as a consequence of the drought, while in TRA the eutrophic state remained, but with more intensified symptoms, with higher concentration values of nutrients, solids and algal biomass.

Keywords:
Hydric deficit; Water quality; Drylands; Standardized precipitation index