The elements that characterize the tourism cluster in Balneário Camboriú, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Sohn, Ana Paula; Silvestrini, Carolina; Fiuza, Thamires Foletto; Limberger, Pablo Flôres

doi:10.7784/rbtur.v11i1.1201

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Articles • Rev. Bras. Pesq. Tur. 11 (1) • Apr 2017 • https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v11i1.1201 copy

The elements that characterize the tourism cluster in Balneário Camboriú, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Los elementos que caracterizan el Cluster de Turismo en Balneário Camboriú, Santa Catarina, Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Tourism promotes regional development growth and the formation of inter-regional networks such as clusters can boost it. The tourism clusters are composed of institutions and organizations in the same geographic region that aim to improve their competitiveness. The analytical perspective of tourism clusters is gaining increasing importance in the debate on regional development. The city of Balneário Camboriú is recognized as the Santa Catarina Capital of Tourism due to the importance achieved by the sector. Given this context, the research aims to describe and analyze the elements that characterize the establishment of a tourist cluster in Balneário Camboriú, Santa Catarina, Brazil. For the identification of the cluster elements, we carried out exploratory research and, documentary and literature review. We adopted the theoretical model of maturity analysis proposed by Cunha (2003), this model was chosen because it incorporates criteria used by EURADA in its research for classification and evaluation of the performance of productive clusters in the European Union. Through the methodology applied, we can consider Balneário Camboriú (SC) a tourism cluster that promotes through cooperation between actors, collective gains and the development of the sector in the region.

Keywords:
Tourist Cluster; Tourism; Regional Development; Balneário Camboriú.

Stage of development	Characteristics
Pre-cluster	Few companies isolated geared at the same product/service
Birth of the cluster	Greater concentration of companies and strong business relationships
Development of the cluster	Increase in vertical concentration and early formation of consortia
Structured cluster	Local structured system, strong public-private partnership

Lodging in Balneário Camboriú
Hotels	76
Resorts	1
Inns	25
Hostels	4
Excursion houses	21

Food and Beverage Services
Restaurants and bars	178
Cafés/Bakeries	90
Steakhouses/ Grill Restaurants	22
Pizzerias	41

Events in Balneário Camboriú
Event planners	4
Venues for events	5
Bars and Breweries	82
Sport Bars	7
Private Nightclubs	7
Nightclubs/discos	10

Instituition	Administrative Dependency
Faculty AVANTIS and Higher Institute of Education AVANTIS	Private
Faculty SOCIESC of Balneário Camboriú	Private
University of Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI - Balneário Camboriú	Private
University Center Leonardo Da Vinci - UNIASSELVI - Balneário Camboriú	Private
Faculty of Litoral Catarinense	Private
University Castelo Branco - Campus Balneário Camboriú	Private
University Paulista - Campus Balneário Camboriú	Private
University Anhembi Morumbi - Campus Balneário Camboriú	Private
University Center of Maringá - Campus Balneário Camboriú	Private
State University of Santa Catarina⁶ iii The UDESC in Balneário Camboriú is not included in the website of the State Secretary of Education in Santa Catarina. - UDESC	State

Jobs linked to tourism in Balneário Camboriú
Sector	Number of jobs created	Average salary/person
Road passenger transport	580	R$ 1,575.30
Other road transport	41	R$ 4,712.50
Unspecified transport activities	155	R$ 3,156.67
Marine transport	73	R$ 2,936.57
Air transport	21	R$ 1,150.00
Auxiliary transport activities and activities related to the organization of cargo transportation	445	R$ 4,971.16
Lodging	1150	R$ 1,409.78
Restaurants and other food and beverages establishments	2745	R$ 1,414.18
Catering services, buffet and other prepared food services	300	R$ 1,316.90
Street food	31	R$ 1,766.67
Unspecified food services	704	R$ 1,513.75
Cinematographic activities, production of videos and television programs, music and sound recording	62	R$ 1,433.33
Real estate activities	1088	R$ 2,519.62
Travel agencies, tour operator and booking services	311	R$ 1,634.33
Call center activities	31	R$ 3,000.00
Events organization activities, except cultural and sports events	21	R$ 1,518.50
Other supply services activities, particularly to companies	228	R$ 1,932.86
Other educational activities	352	R$ 1,603.24
Unspecified educational activities	352	R$ 1,929.41
Artistic, creative and performative activities	580	R$ 2,215.93
Cultural and natural environment activities	10	R$ 2,000.00
Gambling activities	62	R$ 1,750.00
Sports activities	218	R$ 2,334.29
Physical fitness activities	228	R$ 1,997.73
Recreational and leisure activities	466	R$ 1,584.00

Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Turismo Rua Silveira Martins, 115 - cj. 71, Centro, Cep: 01019-000, Tel: 11 3105-5370 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: edrbtur@gmail.com

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[1] Ana Paula Sohn PhD in Production Engineering by the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC). Professor and researcher in the Postgraduate Program in Tourism and Hospitality, University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI). Email: anasohn@hotmail.com

Classification	Characteristics
Informal cluster	Predominance of small-sized companies with low qualification of critical actors, rudimentary technology adoption, without representation in foreign markets. Poor and unstable economic performance, with companies competing marginally, little propensity to cooperation; there is no interconnection between companies.
Intermediate stage cluster	Predominance of small and medium-sized companies, and the technologies adopted are relatively up to date. There are different performances and the tendency for cooperation is low, as well as the entanglement between companies and the effective cooperation.
Organized stage cluster	Hosts a wide variety of structures and business features. The critical actors adopt modern management practices, with updated technologies. Despite the prevalence of small and medium-sized companies, the presence of gatekeepers and spillovers of knowledge is frequent. The level and potential of cooperation is medium, with unbundling initiatives, however still insufficient to generate gains in productive flexibility and operational efficiency.
Innovative cluster	Presupposes the unbundling of production, the opening of channels of information, the spillover of knowledge and a high degree of synergy between the different stakeholders of the cluster.