Effects of milking system in suckling period on growth, reproduction traits, and milk yield of East Friesian-cross dairy sheep

Tölü, Cemil; Yazgan, Nazif

doi:10.37496/rbz5120210201

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Ruminants • R. Bras. Zootec. 51 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5120210201 copy

Effects of milking system in suckling period on growth, reproduction traits, and milk yield of East Friesian-cross dairy sheep

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of milking system on growth, reproduction, and milk yield and composition of East Friesian-cross (Tahirova) dairy sheep that were milked in the evening during the suckling period. A total of 43 Tahirova ewes and 58 lambs were used in the present study. One of the groups was milked in the evening (evening milked; EM) before coming together with their lambs, and the other group was not (not milked in the evening; NEM). Morning milking was performed in both groups during the study. Lambs in both groups were individually weaned at the age of 60 days. There was no statistical difference between the lambs’ live weight at weaning in the EM and NEM groups, determined to be 23.46 and 24.11 kg, respectively. Live weight values of lambs were similar in the groups at ages of up to 180 days. The reproductive characteristics of ewe lambs in the EM and NEM groups, having similar growth rates and a similar live weight and body condition in the first estrus stages, were also similar. The return rate and frequency of return were close in both groups of ewe lambs. Milk yield of the NEM group was significantly higher than that of the EM group before and after weaning. However, in groups with similar lactation milk yield and length, the total marketable milk yield was higher in the suckling period of the EM group. The milking system in suckling period of Tahirova ewes does not significantly affect growth, average daily gain, and reproductive characteristics. Milk yield in the NEM group before and after weaning was significantly higher than the EM group, but the total marketable milk yield was higher in the EM group.

Tahirova ewes; evening milking; growth rate; first estrus; milk yield; milk composition

Period	Milking system			Sex			Birth type			SEM

	EM	NEM	P-value	Female	Male	P-value	Single	Twin	P-value

	LSM	LSM		LSM	LSM		LSM	LSM
Birth	4.84	4.79	0.7374	4.63	5.01	0.0468	5.23	4.40	0.0023	0.21
15th day	9.62	9.33	0.4583	8.81	10.14	0.0015	10.27	8.68	<0.0001	0.38
30th day	14.19	13.71	0.4699	13.18	14.72	0.0157	15.18	12.72	<0.0001	0.61
45th day	18.92	19.14	0.5630	18.02	20.04	0.0138	20.76	17.29	<0.0001	0.73
60th day¹	23.46	24.11	0.5076	22.88	24.69	0.0459	25.55	22.02	0.0006	1.04
75th day	28.27	28.80	0.5972	26.94	30.12	0.0199	30.35	26.72	0.0030	1.29
90th day	31.91	32.97	0.3360	30.42	34.45	0.0063	34.32	30.56	0.0097	1.38
120th day	36.91	37.59	0.5789	35.21	39.28	0.0067	39.10	35.39	0.0305	1.47
180th day²	40.95	41.36	0.2389	-	-	-	44.20	38.12	0.0201	2.05

Period	Milking system			Sex			Birth type			SEM

	EM	NEM	P-value	Female	Male	P-value	Single	Twin	P-value

	LSM	LSM		LSM	LSM		LSM	LSM
0-15th days	0.308	0.302	0.8478	0.277	0.333	0.0149	0.325	0.285	0.0049	0.02
16-30th days	0.306	0.292	0.6555	0.292	0.306	0.1241	0.329	0.268	0.0001	0.03
31-45th days	0.327	0.354	0.6109	0.325	0.355	0.4977	0.376	0.304	0.0007	0.03
46-60th days	0.302	0.331	0.2917	0.324	0.310	0.5893	0.318	0.315	0.2253	0.04
61-75th days	0.320	0.312	0.7486	0.271	0.362	0.1590	0.319	0.313	0.8568	0.04
76-90th days	0.243	0.278	0.3523	0.232	0.288	0.0024	0.264	0.256	0.9869	0.03
91-120th days	0.190	0.174	0.4879	0.178	0.185	0.1876	0.175	0.188	0.4535	0.01
0-60th days	0.311	0.321	0.6453	0.304	0.328	0.2345	0.339	0.293	0.0026	0.01
61-120th days	0.224	0.224	0.5558	0.205	0.243	0.0504	0.226	0.223	0.8156	0.01
0-120th days	0.265	0.270	0.4816	0.256	0.285	0.0112	0.278	0.258	0.0492	0.01
0-180th days	0.206	0.206	0.4904	-	-	-	0.224	0.188	0.0471	0.01

Trait	Milking system			Birth type¹

	EM	NEM	P-value	Single	Twin	P-value

	LSM±SE	LSM±SE		LSM±SE	LSM±SE
Lamb yield/ewe	1.38±0.10	1.32±0.10	0.5991	-	-	-
Survival rate (%)	96.5±3.44	93.1±4.78	0.5778	92.8±4.95	96.7±3.33	0.5342
Return rate in ewe (%)	4.7±0.04	13.6±0.07	0.3418	14.3±6.73	0.00	0.0516
First estrus age (days)	252.1±2.63	246.8±2.76	0.1720	253.6±3.16	251.0±3.12	0.2913
Last mating age (days)	269.6±7.89	260.9±7.32	0.3004	275.1±6.80	255.3±5.46	0.0347
Return rate in ewe lamb (%)	42.8±13.72	25.0±13.05	0.2736	44.4±17.56	29.4±11.39	0.3555
Return frequency in ewe (times)	2.0±0.51	3.0±0.57	0.4154	3.0±0.70	1.8±0.37	0.2224
Live weight at first estrus (kg)	45.5±2.32	47.4±2.16	0.4063	48.5±2.26	44.5±2.29	0.3329
BCS at first estrus (1-5)	3.00±0.06	2.91±0.06	0.1202	2.97±0.06	2.94±0.06	0.9313

	Pre-weaning

Trait	Milking system			Milking period			SEM

	EM	NEM	P-value	Evening	Morning	P-value

	LSM	LSM		LSM	LSM
Milk yield (L)	0.70	0.78	0.0170	0.51	0.98	<0.0001	0.02
Milk fat (%)	4.01	4.21	0.5213	5.30	2.93	<0.0001	0.26
Milk protein (%)	4.54	4.55	0.7671	4.52	4.58	0.2393	0.03
SNF (%)	9.54	9.48	0.4546	9.46	9.56	0.3314	0.06
Lactose (%)	4.36	4.33	0.4344	4.29	4.34	0.3358	0.03

	Post-weaning

Trait	Milking system			Milking period			SEM

	EM	NEM	P-value	Evening	Morning	P-value

	LSM	LSM		LSM	LSM

Milk yield (L)	0.40	0.46	0.0002	0.37	0.48	<0.0001	0.02
Milk fat¹ (%)	7.36	7.50	0.2741	8.35	6.51	<0.0001	0.09
Milk protein (%)	4.57	4.55	0.7524	4.52	4.60	0.0930	0.03
SNF¹ (%)	9.54	9.48	0.4858	9.46	9.56	0.1394	0.06
Lactose (%)	4.36	4.33	0.4097	4.32	4.37	0.2742	0.03

Trait	Milking system		P-value

	EM	NEM

	LSM±SE	LSM±SE
Lactation length (days)	207.75±12.67	213.89±12.31	0.7290
Milking period (days)	147.75±12.67	153.89±12.31	0.7290
Milking milk yield (L/ewe)	127.18±11.82	144.18±14.25	0.3069
Totally milk yield in suckling period (L/ewe)	78.62±4.26	93.07±4.20	0.0192
Milk fat (%)	6.58±0.10	6.74±0.09	0.2424
Milk fat (kg/ewe)	11.72±1.09	13.65±1.08	0.2140
Milk protein (%)	4.57±0.02	4.57±0.02	0.8371
Milk protein (kg/ewe)	9.29±0.65	10.60±0.65	0.1618
Totally milk yield of evening in suckling period (L/ewe)	24.15±1.45	-	-
Totally milk yield of morning in suckling period (L/ewe)	2.34±0.83	3.47±0.83	0.3467

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[1] * Corresponding author : cemiltolu@comu.edu.tr