The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the composition and average daily milk yield of Charolais (CH) and Nellore (NE) cows, mantained on native pasture (NP) or winter (oat plus italian rye grass) and summer (alexander grass) cultivated pasture (CP). Sixty cows nursing straightbred or crossbred calfs were used, during 182 days, according to the following treatments: CHNP = CH cows mantained on NP; NENP = NE cows mantained on NP; CHCP = CH cows mantained on CP; and NECP = NE cows mantained on CP. Cows mantained on CP showed lactation curve with quadratic behaviour, with mean of 4.80 L/day, while cows mantained on NP reduced linearly the production, with mean of 3.98 L/day. The milk yield between CH and NE cows showed similarity (4.50 vs 4.28 L/day). The genetic groups differed in all milk components, being the mean values for fat (FAT), total dry extract (TDE), free-fat dry extract (NDE) and lactose (LAC) of 4.93; 13.81; 8.91; and 5.14%, respectively, for NE cows; and 4.35; 13.07; 8.74; and 4.94%, respectively, for CH cows. Adult cows mantained on CP produced more milk (5.61 L/day) in relation to young cows (5.00 L/day) and these more than old cows (3.77 L/day). However, young cows showed milk with higher FAT and TDE content than adult cows (4.92 and 13.68% vs 4.51 and 13.27%, respectively). The calf genetic group didn't influence the milk yield of cows. The interaction between cow genetic group and lactation day was significant for FAT and TDE content, showing for NE cows a quadratic behaviour for both characteristics and for CH cows a linear model. The NDE and LAC varied according to lactation day. The use of winter and summer cultivated pasture during the postpartum period promoted higher milk production for Charolais and Nellore cows, as well as for young and adult cows, when compared to cows kept on native pasture.
Charolais; milk fat; cow age; Nellore; cultivated pasture; native pasture
