Composition and availability of nutrients of three corn hybrids dried at different temperatures in the diets of broiler chickens

Giacobbo, Franciele Clenice Navarini; Eyng, Cinthia; Nunes, Ricardo Vianna; Teixeira, Levy do Vale; Souza, Cleison de; Polese, Clauber; Bortoluzzi, Cristiano

doi:10.37496/rbz5020210035

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Non-ruminants • R. Bras. Zootec. 50 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5020210035 copy

Composition and availability of nutrients of three corn hybrids dried at different temperatures in the diets of broiler chickens

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) content, in vitro digestibility of starch, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected AME (AME_n), and apparent and apparent nitrogen-corrected coefficient of metabolizable energy (ACME and ACME_n) of three corn hybrids dried at different temperatures in the diets of broiler chickens. The energetic values were determined by the total collection of excreta method, using broilers from 11 to 21 d, placed in a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme (three corn hybrids and two drying temperatures: 80 and 110 °C), totalizing six treatments, seven replicates, and four birds/replicate. The data were subjected to two-way ANOVA. There was an interaction between the two factors tested wherein the AME and AME_n were increased when using corn Hybrid 1 dried at 80 °C. As main effects, the use of corn Hybrid 3 increased ACME and ACME_n. The drying temperature of 110 °C increased amylose, resistant starch, and nitrogen bound to the fiber contents, and reduced soluble:total NSP ratio. These changes may be responsible for the differences in digestibility of nutrients. The mean values of AME and AMEn of corn dried at 80 and 110 °C were 14.03 and 13.84 MJ/kg, respectively, and 81.62 and 80.53% for ACME and ACME_n, respectively.

Keywords:
apparent metabolizable energy; chemical composition; non-starch polysaccharides; post-harvest; starch

Ingredient						g/kg
	Corn¹ 1 The tested diets were manufactured with the three corn hybrids dried at 80 or 110 °C.					955
	Limestone					11.80
	Dicalcium phosphate					17.00
	Salt					2.09
	Potassium chloride					7.73
	Sodium bicarbonate					4.00
	Vitamin premix² 2 Vitamins provided per kg of feed: vitamin A, 20,000 IU; vitamin D3, 7500 IU; vitamin E, 50 mg; vitamin K3, 5.25 mg; vitamin B1, 4.5 mg; vitamin B2, 13.75 mg; vitamin B6, 6.25 mg; vitamin B12, 37.5 mg; pantothenic acid, 27.5 mg; niacina, 87.5 mg; folic acid, 2.25 mg; biotin, 0.16 mg; selenium, 0.75 mg.					1.50
	Mineral premix³ 3 Minerals provided per kg of feed: copper, 20 mg; iron, 112.5 mg; manganese, 200 mg; iodine, 3 mg; zinc, 275 mg.					0.50
Calculated composition (%)
	Calcium					0.819
	Available phosphorus					0.391
	Clorine					0.321
	Sodium					0.210
	Potassium					0.580
Analyzed values⁴ 4 Values expressed in dry matter.
		Hybrid 1	Hybrid 1	Hybrid 2	Hybrid 2	Hybrid 3	Hybrid 3
		80 °C	110 °C	80 °C	110 °C	80 °C	110 °C
	CP (%)	8.01	7.62	8.09	8.21	8.38	8.36
	GE (kcal kg⁻¹)	4158	4109	4130	4133	4070	4038

Hybrid	Temperature	DM	CP	EE	MM	CF	Starch	Amylose	NDF	N-NDF
1	80 °C	867	77.70	39.80	11.20	19.80	639	237	114	1.30
2		873	78.30	40.60	10.00	20.70	648	228	117	1.00
3		870	82.00	40.00	11.50	19.50	640	220	113	1.30

1	110 °C	882	75.30	41.70	11.10	20.30	640	240	115	1.20
2		895	80.30	40.80	10.40	20.40	657	243	120	1.60
3		875	80.00	39.10	10.50	20.50	633	216	102	1.50

Hybrid	Temp.		Constituent sugar (g/100 g)									Total
Hybrid	Temp.		RHA	FUC	ARA	XYL	MAN	GAL	GLU	GLcA	GalA	g/100 g	SD
1	80 °C	Soluble NSP	0.10	UND	0.20	0.25	0.10	0.10	0.15	0.10	UND	0.90	±0.60
		Insoluble NSP	UND	UND	1.60	2.30	0.10	0.35	1.25	1.00	UND	6.50	±0.60
		Total NSP	0.10	UND	1.75	2.55	0.20	0.40	1.45	1.10	UND	7.40	±0.15
2	80 °C	Soluble NSP	UND	UND	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.05	0.25	UND	0.05	0.60	±0.20
		Insoluble NSP	UND	UND	1.60	2.25	0.05	0.60	1.95	UND	UND	6.40	±0.20
		Total NSP	UND	UND	1.70	2.35	0.15	0.60	2.15	UND	0.05	7.00	±0.15
3	80 °C	Soluble NSP	UND	UND	0.15	0.15	0.00	0.10	0.25	UND	UND	0.65	±0.55
		Insoluble NSP	UND	UND	1.45	2.00	0.10	0.50	1.85	UND	UND	5.90	±0.55
		Total NSP	UND	UND	1.60	2.20	0.10	0.60	2.10	UND	UND	6.55	±0.25
1	110 °C	Soluble NSP	UND	UND	0.05	0.10	0.00	0.00	0.10	UND	UND	0.35	±0.15
		Insoluble NSP	UND	UND	1.65	2.35	0.10	0.50	1.90	UND	UND	6.50	±0.15
		Total NSP	UND	UND	1.75	2.45	0.15	0.55	2.00	UND	UND	6.85	±0.35
2	110 °C	Soluble NSP	UND	UND	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.10	UND	0.05	0.35	±0.15
		Insoluble NSP	UND	UND	1.45	2.00	0.05	0.50	1.70	UND	UND	5.75	±0.15
		Total NSP	UND	UND	1.50	2.00	0.10	0.60	1.75	UND	0.05	6.10	±0.10
3	110 °C	Soluble NSP	UND	UND	0.05	0.05	0.00	0.00	0.10	UND	UND	0.20	±0.05
		Insoluble NSP	UND	UND	1.50	1.90	0.15	0.55	1.75	UND	UND	5.90	±0.05
		Total NSP	UND	UND	1.55	2.05	0.10	0.60	1.90	UND	UND	6.15	±0.25

Hybrid	Temperature	RDS	SDS	AS	RS	TS	SDS:AS	RS:TS
		Whole grain (g/100 g monosaccharide equivalent)
1	80 °C	11.95	38.75	50.70	22.05	72.75	76.50	30.35
2		14.85	41.60	56.40	15.50	71.95	73.75	21.55
3		12.95	39.00	51.45	21.55	73.00	75.80	29.50
1	110 °C	10.90	37.10	48.00	24.55	72.55	77.40	33.85
2		13.80	40.95	54.75	20.55	75.30	74.90	27.30
3		15.15	37.75	52.95	19.30	72.25	71.45	26.75
		Ground grain (g/100 g monosaccharide equivalent)
1	80 °C	24.20	41.35	65.55	7.25	72.75	63.10	9.95
2		25.15	40.35	65.50	6.45	71.95	61.65	8.95
3		27.00	40.65	67.65	5.35	73.00	60.10	7.30
1	110 °C	25.05	39.45	64.55	8.05	72.55	61.20	11.10
2		24.80	43.10	67.90	7.35	75.30	63.40	9.85
3		30.35	38.20	68.55	3.70	72.25	55.70	5.10

		GE (MJ/kg)	DM (%)	AME (MJ/kg)	AME_n (MJ/kg)	ACME (%)	ACME_n (%)
Hybrid
	1	17.30	88.86	13.96	13.78	80.71^b a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same column are different (P≤0.05) by Tukey's test.	79.63^b a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same column are different (P≤0.05) by Tukey's test.
	2	17.29	89.64	14.02	13.83	81.06^b a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same column are different (P≤0.05) by Tukey's test.	79.97^b a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same column are different (P≤0.05) by Tukey's test.
	3	16.97	88.65	14.10	13.91	83.10^a a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same column are different (P≤0.05) by Tukey's test.	81.98^a a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same column are different (P≤0.05) by Tukey's test.
Temperature (°C)
	80	17.24	88.54	14.06	13.87	81.58	80.46
	110	17.13	89.56	13.99	13.80	81.67	80.58
SEM		0.005	0.150	0.034	0.033	2.170	2.140
P-value
	Hybrid			0.344	0.335	0.001	<0.001
	Temperature			0.335	0.367	0.841	0.775
	Hybrid × temperature			0.011	0.010	0.103	0.100

Hybrid	AME (MJ/kg)		P-value	AME_n (MJ/kg)		P-value
Hybrid	80 °C	110 °C	P-value	80 °C	110 °C	P-value
1	14.12^a a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same row are different (P≤0.05) by F test.	13.81^b a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same row are different (P≤0.05) by F test.	0.028	13.92^a a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same row are different (P≤0.05) by F test.	13.63^b a-b Means followed by distinct letters in the same row are different (P≤0.05) by F test.	0.027
2	13.89	14.15	0.091	13.70	13.96	0.081
3	14.19	14.01	0.209	13.99	13.83	0.210
P-value	0.071	0.070		0.060	0.071

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E-mail: rbz@sbz.org.br

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[1] * Corresponding author: cinthiaeyng@hotmail.com