Estudo anatômico comparativo da região cefálica pré-branquial de Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith) e Rhizoprionodon lalandii (Valenciennes) (Elasmobranchii, Carcharhiniformes) relacionados com a presença do cefalofólio em Sphyrna Rafinesque

Anatomical study on the pre branchial region of Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith) and Rhizoprionodon lalandii (Valenciennes) (Elasmobranchii, Carcharhiniformes) related with the cephalofoil in Sphyrna Rafinesque

Carcharhiniformes; Sphyrna; Rhizoprionodon; muscles; inervation

Estudo anatômico comparativo da região cefálica pré-branquial de Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith) e Rhizoprionodon lalandii (Valenciennes) (Elasmobranchii, Carcharhiniformes) relacionados com a presença do cefalofólio em Sphyrna Rafinesque

Anatomical study on the pre branchial region of Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith) and Rhizoprionodon lalandii (Valenciennes) (Elasmobranchii, Carcharhiniformes) related with the cephalofoil in Sphyrna Rafinesque

Maisa da Cruz Lima; Ulisses Leite Gomes; Wallace de Souza-Lima; Cristina Paragó

Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Pavilhão Haroldo Lisboa da Cunha sala 520, 20559-900 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

ABSTRACT

A comparative study on the pre-branchial cranial anatomy of the scalloped hammerhead sharks [Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith, 1834)] and the Brazilian sharpnose shark [Rhizoprionodon lalandii (Valenciennes, 1839)] was carried out to check the modification in the musculature, inervation and optic stalk related to the appearance of the cephalofoil in Sphyrna Rafinesque, 1810. A total of seven adults and one juvenile of R. lalandii and eight juveniles of S. lewini were examined. In S. lewini the levator palaliquadrati and the levator labii superioris were the most modified cephalic muscles, as they became dorsalventrally attached and laterally developed. Among the oculomotor muscles, the recti followed the lateral expansion of the head constituting the rectal stalk associated with the nerves II, III, IV and VI and the optic stalk. It was observed that the oculomolorius branch "a" does not inervate the adductor mandibulae as it was mentioned in a previous paper. The myological structures and the inervation pattern presented diagnostic characters. Despite the shared characters between Carcharhinidae and the Sphyrnidae, the cephalofoil represents an autapomorphy which includes all the hammerhead sharks in the family Sphyrnidae.

Key words: Carcharhiniformes, Sphyrna, Rhizoprionodon, muscles, inervation

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AGRADECIMENTOS: Aos Professores doutores Ricardo S. Rosa e Gustavo W. Nunan, aos Professores Francisco J. Figueiredo, Otto B.F. Gadig e Hugo R.S. Santos pelas críticas e sugestões. À Sub-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa/SR-2 da UERJ pelas bolsas de Iniciação Científica-UERJ/CNPq (M.C. Lima e C. Paragó), à FAPERJ pela bolsa de Iniciação Científica (W. Souza-Lima) e ao CNPq pela bolsa de pesquisador (U.L. Gomes). Aos consultores científicos desta Revista pelas preciosas sugestões.

Recebido em 08.V.1996; aceito em 18.VI.1997.

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  13 Jul 2009
• Data do Fascículo
  1997

Histórico

• Aceito
  18 Jun 1997
• Recebido
  08 Maio 1996