The analysis of field notes of specimens conserved in museums, specimens labels, informations from bibliography and field observations by the author permited the identification of two áreas (Teresópolis and Serra da Bocaina, in the Serra do Mar, states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, respectivelly) where specimens of Phaenomys ferrugineus (Thomas, 1894) have been collected in the past. The species is endemic to South Eastern Brazil and has not been collected for more than fifty years.
Rodentia; Muridae; Phaenomys ferrugineus; geographical distribution; Brasil