Resumo em Inglês:
This study investigated the effects of forest fragment size and habitat structure on species richness and diversity of Brazilian Atlantic forest small mammal communities. During the course of 17 months of live-trapping, a total of 57, 120 trap nights accumulated in six forest plots. There were three size categories: small (60-80 ha.), medium (860 ha) and large (35, 973 ha). At each site two forest sections were selected for small mammal sampling: one in primary and another in secondary succession stage. A total of 692 individuals belonging to 19 species were trapped 1, 366 times. Species diversity was measured using the Shannon-Wiener index H' and also a weighted version of this index that takes into account the number of individuals of each species trapped at the forests. The modified index was developed specifically for this study. The richest and most diverse forest for small mammals was the large secondary fragment, while the least diverse was the small mammal community of the small primary forest. Overall, species diversity is lower among primary forests, and also in forests of decreasing size. However, area sizel species relationship was only observed among secondary forests. It is postulated that primary forests are less complex habitats, when compared to secondary habitats in mid-stages of succession. Therefore, area size/species relationships should only be applied to conservation schemes if habitat structure is taken into account. By using multivariate regression methods in the investigation of the structural and size predictors of small mammal species diversity, it was possible to separate the effects of area size from those of habitat structure. Approximately half of the variance in small mammal species diversity between secondary forest fragments can be explained by area size, while habitat structure accounts for about 45% of the variation.Resumo em Inglês:
During the XVI Century, France succeeded in establishing a few colonies in the Americas. Equinoctial France was a short-lived venture, but one that left an indelible mark upon the island of São Luis, in the State of Maranhão, Brazil. Two remarkable reports on the shape of the colony, its geographical features, climate, ethnography, botany, and zoology are among the first contributions to the natural history of Northeastern Brazil. Description of the habits of common animals, together with zoogeographical records are useful for the modem zoologist. This paper brings together the recorded information on the mammals of Maranhão, as described and depicted by two French friars and one Portuguese, who lived in the island during the first half of the XVIth Century.Resumo em Inglês:
Two species of Paratrigona - myrmecophila sp. n. and pannosa sp. n. - from Amazonian region are described.Resumo em Inglês:
The lectotype of Papilo bixae Linnaeus, designated by Hemming (1964) based on the figure of Merian (1705), was found in the Wiesbaden Museum, and here with considered as such. It corresponds to Pyrrhopyge phidias bixae; Evans (1951). Two syntypes of Papilo proteus Linnaeus, 1758, were also found in the same Museum and one of them was selected as lectotype. These lectotypes are figured for the first time.Resumo em Inglês:
Two new species of Trichocerapis are described: T. peruana from (Quincemil, Cuzco, Peru and T. pernambucana from Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil. A key to the species, the description of the female of T. chaetogastra and notes on some variations of T. mirabilis and T. chaetogastra are given.Resumo em Inglês:
Based on original and literature data, this study discusses the close relationship that seems to exist between the pre-ovulatory hydratation (POH) on fish oocytes and the marine environment, contrasting with the absence of this process on freshwater species. The difference is mainly explained by the necessity or not of intraoocitary water on eggs flutuation, in one or another situation, according to the surroundings. Once accepted this hipothesis, it is proposed that POH should be an efficient indicator of the adaptation to freshwater environment in fish species originated from marine groups.Resumo em Inglês:
The south american genera Brachygasterina Macquart, 1851 and Correntosia Malloch, 1934, formerly placed in Phaoniini, Phaoniinae, are revised. Through the redescriptions of B. violaceiventris, B. major and C. bicolor employing new morphological characters and reinterpretations of others, is proposed the transferrence of these genera to Reinwardtiini, Azeliinae. Euphaonia Malloch is synonymized with Brachygasterina.Resumo em Inglês:
A revision of Psilochaeta Stein, 1911 and description of Dalcyella, gen. n. (type-species: Helina veniseta Dodge, 1967, from Concepcion, Chile) are provided. These genera are placed in Reinwardtiini, Azeliinae. A new combination for Helina violescens Dodge, 1967 is proposed - Psilochaeta violescens n. comb. Redescriptions of P. chalybea, P. chlorogaster and P. pampeana are presented. The identity of P. chalybea is stabilized. P. carnifex and P. fulvolateralis are unrecognizable. Keys, illustrations and maps of geographical distribution of species are also given.Resumo em Inglês:
The correlations among the total length, pré-umbonal length, width and height of the shell of Neocorbicula limosa (Maton, 1811), based on the examination of 100 shells from the Rio Guaíba basin are established. The radio index among these measures was calculated and the maximum, intermediary and minimum values are presented. As a result of data analysis it was pointed out that the relationship among the measures are positive and there is no allometry. It is also suggested that the proportion indexes could be used as helpful diagnostic character in conchologic studies.Resumo em Inglês:
Marshallius bondari, a new species of Hylobiinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) is described from Nova Soure, Bahia, Brazil. Illustrations of the male and the female genitalia and a short bionomic information are given.Resumo em Inglês:
Description of five new species of Rivulus from Paraná and São Francisco rivers basins (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae) and a key to identification of the especies from Central Brazil, are given.Resumo em Inglês:
This work constitutes a systematic survey of the Annelida Polychaeta from the sublitoral of the São Paulo State coast (Ubatuba), southeast Brazil. From 105 identified species, 20 are new records for the brazilian coast. An analysis of affinity degree between the fauna of the studied region and of the adjacents biogeographic provinces shows that 25,5% of the species are endemic for the Paulista Province, 19,0% amphi-american, 17,0% cosmopolite and 16,8% amphi-atlantic. An affinity with species from the Patagonian (7,4%) and Caribbean (2,0%) Provinces is smaller than that of other authors, for the southeast Brazilian coast.Resumo em Inglês:
A key to adults of 40 of the 49 known species of Philornis is presented.