The effect of fruit maturity on the physiological quality and conservation of <i>Jatropha curcas</i> seeds

Silva, Laércio Junio da; Dias, Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos; Oliveira, Glauter Lima; Silva, Rubens Alves da

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20170057

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Crop Science • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 48 (3) • Jul-Sep 2017 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20170057 copy

The effect of fruit maturity on the physiological quality and conservation of Jatropha curcas seeds¹ 1 Parte da Tese de Doutorado do primeiro autor apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Qualidade fisiológica e conservação de sementes de Jatropha curcas em função da maturidade dos frutos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fruit maturation stage on the physiological quality of J. curcas seeds during storage. Thus, seeds were extracted from fruits harvested at different maturity stages based on external color, i.e., yellow, yellow-brown and brown (dry fruits). After natural drying, the seeds were packed in Kraft paper bag and stored for 18 months at laboratory environment. Initially and every three months, the seeds were evaluated for moisture content, germination, first count of germination, accelerated aging, cold test, electrical conductivity and emergence. There was reduction in seed physiological quality, with decrease in germination and vigor, especially after nine months of storage. The seeds extracted from yellow and yellow-brown fruits are the most vigorous and can be stored for up to nine months without loss of physiological quality.

Key words:
Germination; Vigor; Storage; Seed deterioration

SV	DF	Mean Square
SV	DF	MC	GER	FCG	AE	CT	EC	EME
ST	2	0.062^ns ns not significant,	62.7^ns ns not significant,	0.15^ns ns not significant,	79.9^ns ns not significant,	474.5^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	12582.0^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	269.1^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test
Residue a	9	0.021	66.4	79.54	37.9	23.5	3.8	39.2
PER	6	4.112^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	1483.1^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	1929.28^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	3148.6^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	4356.2^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	1347.8^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	2376.0^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test
ST^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test PER	12	0.265^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	50.7^ns ns not significant,	56.14^ns ns not significant,	73.9^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	220.8^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	32.2^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test	208.2^* * significant at 5% probability by the F test
Residue b	54	0.061	31.1	40.65	9.09	22.3	4.7	23.1
CV (%)		2.85	6.59	7.93	3.89	9.28	2.07	7.58

Storage (months)	Temperature (^oC)	Relative Humidity (%)
0-3	21.7 - 24.1	65.9 - 77.2
3-6	19.7 - 23.0	51.8 - 69.0
6-9	22.2 - 26.2	54.1 - 70.7
9-12	23.8 - 28.2	57.0 - 71.8
12-15	21.9 - 27.0	54.9 - 71.0
15-18	20.2 - 25.4	49.0 - 66.9

Stage	Storage (months)
Stage	0	3	6	9	12	15	18
	Moisture content (%)
Brown	7.8 a	8.5 a	8.3 a	9.6 a	9.7 a	8.7 a	8.0 a
Brownish-yellow	8.4 a	8.5 a	8.5 a	8.9 b	9.7 a	8.9 a	8.2 a
Yellow	8.0 a	8.4 a	8.4 a	8.7 b	9.5 a	9.3 a	8.1 a
CV (%)	2.85
	Germination (%)
Brown	87 a	88 a	91 a	95 a	81 a	77 a	62 a
Brownish-yellow	88 a	89 a	94 a	93 a	89 a	85 a	58 a
Yellow	93 a	94 a	94 a	88 a	82 a	86 a	64 a
CV (%)	6.59
	First count of germination (%)
Brown	85 a	87 a	86 a	91 a	84 a	70 a	60 a
Brownish-yellow	87 a	85 a	91 a	89 a	88 a	73 a	51 a
Yellow	92 a	89 a	91 a	85 a	78 a	74 a	54 a
CV (%)	7.93
	Accelerated aging (%)
Brown	85 a	83 a	85 a	89 a	84 a	66 a	38 b
Brownish-yellow	78 a	88 a	91 a	94 a	80 a	70 a	47 ab
Yellow	86 a	87 a	94 a	86 a	76 a	73 a	49 a
CV (%)	3.89
	Cold test (%)
Brown	60 a	72 a	60 a	65 a	50 a	28 a	15 b
Brownish-yellow	68 a	74 a	67 a	74 a	44 ab	32 a	30 a
Yellow	58 a	78 a	64 a	42 b	35 b	32 a	23 ab
CV (%)	9.28
	Electrical conductivity (µS cm^-1 g^-1)
Brown	115.5 a	121.7 a	126.5 a	129.5 a	123.9 a	126.9 a	152.9 a
Brownish-yellow	89.6 b	92.2 b	95.3 b	101.5 b	93.7 b	104.3 b	120.0 b
Yellow	73.6 c	75.7 c	86.0 c	92.5 c	84.8 c	90.8 c	103.5 c
CV (%)	2.07
	Seedling emergence (%)
Brown	84 a	76 a	59 a	72 a	38 c	53 a	38 a
Brownish-yellow	83 a	75 ab	58 a	80 a	54 b	55 a	47 a
Yellow	88 a	62 b	56 a	74 a	68 a	63 a	50 a
CV (%)	7.58

Stage	Equation	R²
	Moisture content (%)
Brown	Y = 7.61607 + 0.3494^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.01786^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.71
Brownish-yellow	Y = 8.13494 + 0.19958^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.01021^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.46
Yellow	Y = 7.81393 + 0.23223^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.01076^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.59
	Germination (%)
Brown	Y = 85.42857 + 2.35714^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.20238^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.94
Brownish-yellow	Y = 84.75 + 3.3631^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.25595^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.89
Yellow	Y = 92.47619 + 0.91964^ns * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.12731^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.84
	First count of germination (%)
Brown	Y = 83.36310 + 2.23214^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.19709^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.94
Brownish-yellow	Y = 82.82738 + 3.23214^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.26852^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.93
Yellow	Y = 90.27381 + 0.93155^ns (1) Mean values followed by the same letter in the column for each test do not differ from each other by the Tukey test (P<0.05) X - 0.15642^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.96
	Accelerated aging (%)
Brown	Y = 79.78571 + 3.83929^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.33135^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.93
Brownish-yellow	Y = 77.5119 + 4.6607^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.3525^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.98
Yellow	Y = 84.77381 + 2.40476^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.23677^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.94
	Cold test (%)
Brown	Y = 61.60714 + 2.43452^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X - 0.28770^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X²	0.95
Brownish-yellow	Y = 78.83929 - 2.60119^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X	0.75
Yellow	Y = 71.52679 -2.68155^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X	0.78
	Electrical conductivity (µS cm^-1 g^-1)
Brown	Y = 115.22098 + 1.43152^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X	0.62
Brownish-yellow	Y = 87.32848 + 1.35521^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X	0.71
Yellow	Y = 73.99027 + 1.41176^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X	0.80
	Seedling emergence (%)
Brown	Y = 81.96429 - 2.45238^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X	0.75
Brownish-yellow	Y = 80.74107 - 1.8125^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X	0.66
Yellow	Y = 76.58929 - 1.19643^* * significant by the t-test at 5% probability X	0.38

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The effect of fruit maturity on the physiological quality and conservation of Jatropha curcas seeds1 1 Parte da Tese de Doutorado do primeiro autor apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Qualidade fisiológica e conservação de sementes de Jatropha curcas em função da maturidade dos frutos

ABSTRACT

The effect of fruit maturity on the physiological quality and conservation of Jatropha curcas seeds¹ 1 Parte da Tese de Doutorado do primeiro autor apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa