Seleção simultânea para caracteres de arquitetura e produtividade em linhagens de feijão considerando a variabilidade ambiental

Ribeiro, Nerinéia D.; Maziero, Sandra M.

Nerinéia D. Ribeiro ^**Corresponding author: <nerineia@hotmail.com>

Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-0160

Sandra M. Maziero

Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brazil

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4811-3445

*Corresponding author: <nerineia@hotmail.com>

Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest related to the publication of this manuscript.

Figuras (1)
Tabelas (5)

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Figure 1
Meteorological data of rainfall (Rainf., mm), maximum temperature (T max, °C), minimum temperature (T min, °C), mean temperature (T mean, °C), and relative humidity (RH, %) collected by the Eighth Meteorology District at the Santa Maria Meteorology Station, located at the Federal University of Santa Maria (29°42′S, 53°49′W, and 95 m of altitude) (Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil).

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Table 1
Common bean genotypes evaluated, origin, and commercial type of grains (Type).

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Table 2
Mean square values of genotype (G), experiment (E), and G × E interaction in analysis of variance for the traits of lodging (LDG), general adaptation score (GAS), insertion of the first pod (IFP, cm), insertion of the last pod (ILP, cm), plant height (PH, cm), first-internode length (1^stIL, cm), second-internode length (2^ndIL, cm), third-internode length (3^rdIL, cm), fourth-internode length (4^thIL, cm), fifth-internode length (5^thIL, cm), hypocotyl diameter (HD, mm), epicotyl diameter (ED, mm), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of grains per plant (NGP), number of grains per pod (NGPOD), mass of 100 grains (M100G, g), and grain yield (YIELD, kg ha^-1) obtained in 17 common bean genotypes evaluated in the 2016 rainy (I), 2017 dry (II), 2017 rainy (III), and 2018 dry (IV) seasons and in combined experiments I and II; I, II, and III; and I, II, III, and IV.

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Table 3
Heritability (h²), genetic gain (GG), and percentage of genetic gain (GG%) for the traits of lodging (LDG), general adaptation score (GAS), insertion of the first pod (IFP), insertion of the last pod (ILP), second-internode length (2^ndIL), hypocotyl diameter (HD), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of grains per pod (NGPOD), mass of 100 grains (M100G), and grain yield (YIELD) with simultaneous selection by the multiplicative index considering the four superior common bean genotypes evaluated in the 2016 rainy (I), 2017 dry (II), 2017 rainy (III), and 2018 dry (IV) seasons and in combined experiments I and II; I, II, and III; and I, II, III, and IV.

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Table 4
Common bean genotypes selected by the multiplicative index for the traits of lodging (LDG), general adaptation score (GAS), insertion of the first pod (IFP, cm), insertion of the last pod (ILP, cm), second-internode length (2^ndIL, cm), hypocotyl diameter (HD, mm), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of grains per pod (NGPOD), mass of 100 grains (M100G, g), and grain yield (YIELD, kg ha^-1) based on evaluations carried out in the 2016 rainy (I), 2017 dry (II), 2017 rainy (III), and 2018 dry (IV) seasons and in combined experiments I and II; I, II, and III; and I, II, III, and IV.

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Table 5
Coincidence percentage of four common bean genotypes selected by the multiplicative index for the traits of lodging, general adaptation score, insertion of the first pod, insertion of the last pod, second-internode length, hypocotyl diameter, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of 100 grains, and grain yield based on evaluations carried out in the 2016 rainy (I), 2017 dry (II), 2017 rainy (III), and 2018 dry (IV) seasons and in combined experiments I and II; I, II, and III; and I, II, III, and IV.

Genotype	Origin	Type
1. Pérola	Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Rice and Beans	Carioca
2. Carioca	Campinas Agronomic Institute Department of Diagnosis and Agricultural Research of the Secretariat of	Carioca
3. SM 0312	Agriculture, Livestock, and Rural Development of the State of Rio Grande do Sul	Carioca
4. BRS MG Uai	Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Rice and Beans	Carioca
5. CNFC 15 097	Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Rice and Beans	Carioca
6. LEC 02-16	State University of Maringá	Carioca
7. GEN 45-2F-293P	Campinas Agronomic Institute	Carioca
8. LP 09-33	Rural Development Institute of Paraná	Carioca
9. LEC 01-16	State University of Maringá	Carioca
10. BRS Valente	Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Rice and Beans	Black
11. Guapo Brilhante	Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Temperate Climate	Black
12. IAC Netuno	Campinas Agronomic Institute	Black
13. LP 11-117	Rural Development Institute of Paraná	Black
14. TB 02-19	Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Temperate Climate	Black
15. CHP 04-239-52	Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Corporation of Santa Catarina	Black
16. CHP 01-182-48	Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Corporation of Santa Catarina	Black
17. TB 03-11	Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Temperate Climate	Black

Experiment	LDG	GAS	IFP	ILP	PH	1^stIL	2^ndIL	3^rdIL	4^thIL
Experiment	Genotype (G)
I	2.9^ns	1.0^ns	56.1^*	127.1^ns	192.4^ns	0.7^ns	1.5^ns	1.9^ns	3.5^ns
II	1.4^*	2.8^*	3.0^*	36.3^*	58.7^*	0.1^ns	0.5^ns	0.5^*	0.4^*
III	3.3^ns	0.8^ns	21.4^*	158.2^*	468.0^*	0.8^ns	0.4^*	0.6^ns	2.9^ns
IV	4.8^*	1.9^*	16.4^*	145.9^*	422.0^*	0.1^*	0.2^*	0.3^*	1.5^*
I and II	1.9^ns	1.6^ns	28.5^ns	103.5^ns	180.2^*	0.5^ns	1.4^ns	1.6^ns	2.7^ns
I, II, and III	1.6^ns	1.9^ns	43.3^*	221.5^*	499.3^*	0.4^ns	1.4^*	1.7^*	3.4^ns
I, II, III, and IV	3.9^ns	2.3^ns	40.5^*	332.3^*	814.9^*	0.4^ns	1.3^*	1.5^ns	3.9^ns
Experiment (E)
I and II	4.3^ns	7.2^*	2,503.3^*	25,754.8^*	36,972.6^*	0.1^ns	0.1^ns	3.5^*	57.3^*
I, II, and III	2.4^ns	3.9^ns	1,416.4^*	17,985.8^*	29,522.7^*	17.1^*	41.8^*	48.3^*	51.0^*
I, II, III, and IV	26.8^*	21.6^*	980.7^*	12,223.9^*	21,794.1^*	21.4^*	43.2^*	48.1^*	45.4^*
G x E interaction
I and II	2.5^*	2.2^*	30.5^*	60.0^ns	70.9^ns	0.3^ns	0.6^ns	0.7^ns	1.2^ns
I, II, and III	3.0^*	1.4^ns	18.6^*	50.1^ns	130.3^ns	0.6^ns	0.5^na	0.6^ns	2.1^ns
I, II, III, and IV	2.9^*	1.4^*	18.8^*	45.1^ns	141.0^*	0.5^ns	0.7^ns	0.9^ns	2.1^ns

Experiments	5^thIL	HD	ED	NPP	NGP	NGPOD	M100G	YIELD
Experiments	Genotype (G)
I	5.8^ns	0.7^*	0.9^*	19.0^ns	639.7^*	1.0^*	26.0^*	824,724.8^*
II	0.5^ns	0.7^*	0.7^*	8.1^*	184.1^*	0.6^*	57.2^*	102,321.6^*
III	5.3^*	1.2^ns	0.8^*	24.0^*	321.3^*	0.4^*	18.5^*	611,667.7^*
IV	5.7^*	0.2^*	0.3^*	12.8^*	174.6^*	0.3^*	20.6^*	232,940.9^*
I and II	3.4^ns	1.0^ns	1.0^ns	17.5^ns	499.5^ns	0.9^ns	62.7^*	554,634.6^ns
I, II, and III	5.5^ns	1.4^ns	1.3^*	25.0^ns	595.9^*	1.0^ns	68.8^*	673,028.9^ns
I, II, III, and IV	8.8^ns	1.3^ns	1.3^*	32.8^*	637.3^*	0.9^*	80.9^*	593,732.9^ns
Experiment (E)
I and II	288.0^*	134.6^*	158.2^*	391.6^*	8,961.5^*	2.9^ns	2.7^ns	14,277,077.7^*
I, II, and III	148.3^*	76.0^*	82.3^*	688.4^*	9,701.4^*	1.8^ns	40.6^ns	15,684,271.8^*
I, II, III, and IV	102.3^*	52.2^*	55.5^*	461.0^*	6,468.8^*	1.4^ns	570.1^*	11,059,563.2^*
G x E interaction
I and II	2.9^ns	0.5^*	0.6^*	9.6^ns	324.3^*	0.7^*	20.4^*	372,411.8^*
I, II, and III	4.2^ns	0.9^ns	0.6^*	13.0^*	274.6^*	0.5^*	16.4^*	432,842.6^*
I, II, III, and IV	4.5^ns	0.9^ns	0.5^*	10.4^*	227.5^*	0.5^*	13.8^*	392,640.7^*

Trait	h² (%)	GG	GG (%)	h² (%)	GG	GG (%)	h² (%)	GG	GG (%)	h² (%)	GG	GG (%)
Trait	Experiment I			Experiment II			Experiment III			Experiment IV
LDG	37.0	0.1	1.4	65.0	-0.1	-2.0	48.5	-0.2	-3.1	70.8	-0.9	-13.6
GAS	27.6	0.0	0.3	60.7	-0.3	-6.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	70.7	-0.5	-7.5
IFP	86.8	3.9	19.4	53.4	0.3	2.6	71.1	2.0	10.8	67.5	-0.0	-0.3
ILP	35.3	1.7	3.2	67.2	0.7	3.4	71.5	5.4	10.2	83.7	-2.2	-4.9
2^ndIL	30.3	0.0	0.0	39.5	0.1	1.5	51.2	-0.1	-1.6	58.0	0.1	1.8
HD	55.4	0.0	0.0	83.5	0.1	1.7	8.2	0.0	0.4	55.3	0.1	1.2
NPP	48.2	0.1	1.4	77.1	0.4	5.0	72.4	-1.0	-6.6	57.8	0.4	3.2
NGPOD	69.4	0.3	6.7	75.5	0.2	4.7	67.9	0.1	3.6	78.1	0.1	2.7
M100G	65.0	0.6	2.5	96.0	-0.9	-3.7	79.2	0.6	2.4	89.1	-1.1	-3.7
YIELD	76.1	161.3	11.0	62.3	137.3	19.2	78.0	329.7	18.3	81.3	131.5	8.5
Total gain		168.0	45.8		137.7	26.3		336.7	34.5		127.4	-12.6

Trait	Experiments I and II			Experiments I, II, and III			Experiments I, II, III, and IV
LDG	116.5	-0.3	-5.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	26.1	-0.1	-1.0
GAS	33.4	-0.1	-2.2	27.9	-0.1	-1.3	40.4	-0.0	-0.8
IFP	341.1	3.7	24.6	57.1	0.9	5.4	53.7	0.5	3.3
ILP	86.8	2.2	6.1	77.4	3.6	8.6	86.4	4.4	10.2
2ndIL	66.0	0.1	1.0	64.9	-0.1	-2.7	68.1	-0.1	-2.5
HD	80.8	0.1	1.0	51.5	0.0	0.3	60.1	0.0	0.2
NPP	104.6	0.3	2.8	47.9	0.2	1.6	68.3	0.3	2.3
NGPOD	157.4	0.3	7.2	49.1	0.0	0.8	51.3	0.0	0.7
M100G	53.8	0.3	1.1	76.1	0.2	0.9	82.9	0.2	0.8
YIELD	226.2	331.4	30.4	35.7	42.5	3.2	33.9	32.4	2.4
Total gain		337.8	66.7		47.1	16.7		37.6	15.6

Genotypes selected	LDG	GAS	IFP	ILP	2^ndIL	HD	NPP	NGPOD	M100G	YIELD
Genotypes selected	Experiment I
BRS Valente	5.3	5.7	21.5	53.0	6.5	7.2	11.5	5.1	21.4	1,658.6
Pérola	6.3	5.0	31.3	61.0	4.7	6.6	10.3	4.0	27.5	1,749.2
IAC Netuno	6.7	6.7	25.3	56.8	5.2	6.5	12.8	4.7	25.6	2,141.1
LP 09-33	3.0	5.0	19.7	54.5	5.0	6.8	12.5	4.0	24.4	1,154.7
	Experiment II
TB 03-11	4.7	5.0	10.6	24.8	5.6	4.4	8.1	3.8	22.2	1,006.9
LP 11-117	5.0	4.0	10.8	18.1	5.4	4.1	6.9	4.2	26.8	1,150.8
Guapo Brilhante	4.3	4.3	10.8	17.4	5.6	5.0	7.8	4.3	20.8	818.4
BRS Valente	4.3	4.7	10.2	23.1	5.7	4.8	9.4	3.5	20.5	767.6
	Experiment III
BRS Valente	3.3	5.0	16.3	49.5	3.6	6.1	15.5	4.0	23.6	2,547.1
CHP 01-182-48	5.0	5.7	22.0	63.1	4.2	7.8	14.0	4.1	22.9	1,860.7
Carioca	5.7	5.3	19.5	62.1	3.4	6.0	15.3	4.1	27.9	2,696.8
Pérola	4.0	5.3	25.9	67.7	3.5	6.8	9.4	3.5	29.3	1,781.6
	Experiment IV
Guapo Brilhante	4.7	5.3	14.3	37.7	4.1	5.6	12.4	3.7	28.0	1,906.6
LEC 01-16	6.7	6.7	12.8	49.5	3.7	5.8	15.0	3.8	32.7	1,961.8
TB 03-11	5.3	5.7	19.8	49.1	3.8	5.2	8.9	4.2	27.9	1,383.9
BRS MG Uai	3.7	5.7	10.5	36.1	3.8	5.8	13.1	3.7	29.2	1,568.5
	Experiments I and II
BRS Valente	4.8	5.2	15.8	38.1	6.1	6.0	10.4	4.3	21.0	1,213.1
LP 11-117	5.0	4.7	12.9	31.8	5.5	5.4	9.8	4.5	25.6	1,668.8
Pérola	5.2	5.0	20.8	42.3	5.0	5.5	8.8	3.8	26.3	1,148.0
LP 09-33	3.8	4.8	15.0	40.8	5.1	5.8	10.0	3.7	23.7	914.8
	Experiments I, II, and III
BRS Valente	4.3	5.1	16.0	41.9	5.3	6.0	12.1	4.2	21.8	1,657.8
Pérola	4.8	5.1	22.5	50.8	4.5	6.0	9.0	3.7	27.3	1,359.2
Carioca	4.8	5.2	15.9	45.2	4.2	5.7	13.2	4.2	24.7	1,524.9
LP 09-33	4.1	4.8	16.0	46.6	4.5	5.9	12.4	3.5	23.9	1,237.8
	Experiments I, II, III, and IV
BRS Valente	4.6	5.3	14.8	41.9	4.9	6.0	12.3	4.1	23.3	1,600.7
Pérola	5.6	5.8	20.5	52.5	4.4	5.8	9.8	3.7	29.0	1,460.1
Carioca	5.3	5.7	15.7	47.8	4.1	5.6	13.0	4.1	26.2	1,516.9
LP 09-33	4.7	5.2	15.4	48.3	4.3	5.8	12.1	3.6	25.7	1,326.7

Experiments	II	III	IV	I and II	I, II, and III	I, II, III, and IV
I	25	50	0	75	75	75
II		25	50	50	25	25
III			0	50	75	75
IV				0	0	0
I and II					75	75
I, II, and III						100

[1] *Corresponding author: <nerineia@hotmail.com>

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Seleção simultânea para caracteres de arquitetura e produtividade em linhagens de feijão considerando a variabilidade ambiental

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