ORGANIC MATTER AND SOIL FERTILITY IN DIFFERENT SUCCESSIONAL STAGES OF SEASONAL SEMIDECIDUAL FOREST

Machado, Deivid Lopes; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio; Santos, Lauana Lopes dos; Diniz, Anderson Ribeiro; Guareschi, Roni Fernandes

doi:10.1590/1983-21252019v32n118rc

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Ciências Florestais • Rev. Caatinga 32 (01) • Jan-Mar 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252019v32n118rc copy

ORGANIC MATTER AND SOIL FERTILITY IN DIFFERENT SUCCESSIONAL STAGES OF SEASONAL SEMIDECIDUAL FOREST¹ 1 Paper extracted from the master dissertation of the first author.

MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA E FERTILIDADE DO SOLO EM DIFERENTES ESTÁDIOS SUCESSIONAIS DA FLORESTA ESTACIONAL SEMIDECIDUAL

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The accumulation and transformation of organic matter in the soil are fundamental for the maintenance and improvement of the chemical, physical, and biological attributes of the soil, and consequently, for the tropical forests functioning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of secondary forests with different successional stages on soil organic matter, carbon and nitrogen stocks, and soil fertility. Three areas of seasonal semideciduous forest, located in Pinheiral - RJ, with different successional stages were selected: initial stage forest - ISF, medium stage forest - MSF, and advanced stage forest - ASF. The values of total carbon and nitrogen, C and N stocks, δ¹³C (‰) isotope, chemical and granulometric fractionation of soil organic matter, and soil fertility were determined. Based on the values of δ ¹³C (‰), it was verified that most of the soil carbon of the different successional stages comes from forest species (C₃ plants). The areas with the highest succession time (MSF and ASF) possess higher levels of carbon and nitrogen contents and stocks, and carbon associated with minerals compared to ISF. In addition, ASF showed increased phosphorus, fulvic acid, humic acid, whereas soil density exhibited reduced values when compared to that of other areas. The MSF showed, in general, greater fertility of the soil. This study emphasizes the importance of secondary forests that, even in the initial stages of succession, have great potential to store and stabilize organic carbon in the soil.

Keywords:
Soil atributes; Organic matter fractionating; Carbon stock; Forest succession; Atlantic forest

Depth	pH	P	Al³⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	K⁺	H+Al	S	V
(m)	(H₂O)	mg kg^-1	cmol_c kg^-1					%
ISF
0.00-0.10	5.05 Aa	2.2 Ab	1.09 Bb	1.06 Ab	1.02 Ab	0.18 Ab	5.65 Aa	2.28 Ab	28.87 Ab
0.10-0.20	4.79 B a	1.0 Bb	2.00 Ab	0.22 Ba	0.36 Bb	0.07 Bb	5.23 Aa	0.66 Ba	11.29 Bb
MSF
0.00-0.10	5.38 Aa	2.2 Ab	0.46 Bb	2.77 Aa	2.10 Aa	0.37 Aa	4.50 Aa	5.31 Aa	53.22 Aa
0.10-0.20	4.93 Ba	1.2 Bb	1.65 Ab	0.57 Ba	0.87 Ba	0.23 Ba	4.99 Aa	1.73 Ba	25.65 Ba
ASF
0.00-0.10	4.14 Ab	4.2 Aa	1.17 Ba	1.60 Ab	0.99 Ab	0.22 Aab	5.89 Aa	2.83 Ab	32.22 Ab
0.10-0.20	4.22 Ab	2.4 Ba	2.52 Aa	0.63 Ba	0.54 Ba	0.11 Bab	5.39 Aa	1.29 Ba	19.41 Ba

Depth	DBD	TOC	NT	CStock	NStock
(m)	kg dm^-3	g kg^-1		Mg ha^-1
ISF
0.00-0.10	1.24 Ba	28.53 Ab	0.94 Ab	35.47 Ab	1.18 Ab
0.10-0.20	1.41 Aa	19.65 Bb	0.49 Bb	27.87 Bb	0.70 Bb
MSF
0.00-0.10	1.29 Ba	38.29 Aa	1.44 Aa	49.58 Aa	1.87 Aa
0.10-0.20	1.37 Aa	24.06 Ba	0.98 Ba	33.01 Ba	1.35 Ba
ASF
0.00-0.10	1.17 Bb	40.59 Aa	1.23 Aa	47.54 Aa	1.45 Aa
0.10-0.20	1.29 Ab	21.70 Ba	1.03 Ba	28.52 Ba	1.35 Ba

Depth (m)	POM	%C	MOM	%C
ISF
0.00-0.10	6.07 Aa	21.10	22.46 Ab	78.90
0.10-0.20	2.47 Ba	12.47	17.18 Bb	87.53
MSF
0.00-0.10	6.48 Aa	16.54	31.81 Aa	83.46
0.10-0.20	3.68 Ba	15.96	20.37 Ba	84.04
ASF
0.00-0.10	5.04 Aa	12.11	35.55 Aa	87.89
0.10-0.20	2.73 Ba	13.18	18.96 Ba	86.82

Depth	C-Hum	C-FAF	C-HAF
g kg^-1
ISF
0.00-0.10	12.26 Aa	2.75 Ab	1.79 Ab
0.10-0.20	6.04 Ba	2.82 Aa	2.26 Aa
MSF
0.00-0.10	15.25 Aa	1.83 Ab	1.39 Ab
0.10-0.20	7.35 Ba	2.84 Aa	2.92 Aa
ASF
0.00-0.10	11.06 Aa	3.83 Aa	3.83 Aa
0.10-0.20	8.55 Ba	1.97 Ba	1.40 Ba

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E-mail: caatinga@ufersa.edu.br

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[1] * Corresponding author: deividflorestal@gmail.com

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ORGANIC MATTER AND SOIL FERTILITY IN DIFFERENT SUCCESSIONAL STAGES OF SEASONAL SEMIDECIDUAL FOREST1 1 Paper extracted from the master dissertation of the first author.

MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA E FERTILIDADE DO SOLO EM DIFERENTES ESTÁDIOS SUCESSIONAIS DA FLORESTA ESTACIONAL SEMIDECIDUAL

ABSTRACT

ORGANIC MATTER AND SOIL FERTILITY IN DIFFERENT SUCCESSIONAL STAGES OF SEASONAL SEMIDECIDUAL FOREST¹ 1 Paper extracted from the master dissertation of the first author.