AGRONOMIC AND QUALITATIVE PERFORMANCE OF DENSELY CULTIVATED ONION CULTIVARS AS AFFECTED BY POTASSIUM FERTILISATION

Gonçalves, Francisco das Chagas; Grangeiro, Leilson Costa; Sousa, Valdívia de Fátima Lima de; Jesus, Priscila Maylana Modesto de; Silva, Gerlani Alves da

doi:10.1590/1983-21252019v32n404rc

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Agronomy • Rev. Caatinga 32 (4) • Oct-Dec 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252019v32n404rc copy

AGRONOMIC AND QUALITATIVE PERFORMANCE OF DENSELY CULTIVATED ONION CULTIVARS AS AFFECTED BY POTASSIUM FERTILISATION

DESEMPENHO AGRONÔMICO E QUALITATIVO DE CULTIVARES DE CEBOLA ADENSADAS EM FUNÇÃO DA ADUBAÇÃO POTÁSSICA

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The increase in plant density, combined with the use of hybrids in onion cultivation, has provided significant gains in yield, with a direct impact on the amount of absorbed macronutrients. The present work aimed to evaluate the yield and quality of two onion cultivars under a densified system as a function of potassium doses supplied via fertirrigation. A randomized complete block design was used in a 2 x 7 factorial scheme with four replications. The treatments consisted of two cultivars (IPA 11 and Rio das Antas) and seven potassium doses (0, 70, 140, 210, 280, 350 and 420 kg ha^-1 K₂O), provided by fertigation. The potassium doses that provided maximum total and commercial yields were 215 and 216 kg ha^-1 of K₂O, respectively. The soluble solids and the percentage of bulbs of classes 2, 3 and 4 were not influenced by potassium fertilization. There was a reduction in the percentage of non-commercial bulbs with the increase of potassium doses. The dose with maximum economical efficiency was 210.6 kg ha^-1 of K₂O, responsible for a commercial yield of 61.8 t ha^-1.

Keywords:
Allium cepa; Plant nutrition; Yield

Dose K²O (kg ha^-1)		KDL (g kg^-1)	TY (t ha^-1)	MY (t ha^-1)	PB2 (%)	PB3 (%)	PB4 (%)	NMY (%)
0		25.28	52.11	49.39	29.08	58.88	5.73	7.95
70		23.11	60.06	58.21	23.91	67.37	5.43	4.02
140		20.88	62.80	61.21	21.99	65.33	9.83	3.10
210		25.29	61.58	59.97	23.28	69.04	4.82	3.44
280		28.09	61.99	60.79	20.40	66.58	10.93	2.78
350		28.17	59.74	57.85	23.63	67.44	5.72	3.49
420		25.54	54.02	51.64	27.21	62.13	5.60	6.05
Analysis of variance ⁽¹⁾ (1) na = no regression model fitted to the data. ns = characteristic not influenced by K doses.		na	^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	ns	ns	ns	^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.
Cultivars ⁽²⁾ * model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 5% probability level.
IPA 11		29.30 a	44.84 b	43.01 b	38.80 a	56.24 b	0.56 b	4.40 a
Rio das Antas		21.08 b	72.96 a	71.01 a	9.67 b	74.27 a	13.18 a	2.82 b
Mean		25.19	58.90	57.01	24.23	65.25	6.87	3.61
S.V.	D.F				F-value
Cultivars(C)	1	55.63^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	269.45^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	234.59^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	249.25^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	55.64^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	57.30^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	7.26^* * model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 5% probability level.
Dose K (D)	6	3.16^* * model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 5% probability level.	3.37^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	3.69^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.	1.51^NS	0.31^NS	0.31^NS	3.38^ model satisfactorily fitted to the data at 1% probability level.
C x D	6	1.84^NS	0.99^NS	0.81^NS	0.40^NS	0.49^NS	0.52^NS	0.42^NS
CV (%)		16.36	10.88	12.00	28.49	13.87	90.81	60.99

Dose K₂O (kg ha^-1)	SS (º Brix)	PUNG (μmol g^-1)
0	9.03	3.98
70	8.52	4.19
140	8.73	4.09
210	8.43	4.26
280	8.60	4.67
350	8.51	3.89
420	8.74	4.33
Analysis of variance ⁽¹⁾ (1) na = no regression model fitted to the data. ns = not significant for K doses.	ns	na
Cultivars ⁽²⁾ (2) Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ statistically by the F test at 5% probability level.
IPA 11	9.82 a	4.98 a
Rio das Antas	7.48 b	3.43 b
Mean	8.65	4.20

Dose K (kg ha^-1 )	TA (mEq H₃O+ 100g^-1)			SS/TA
Dose K (kg ha^-1 )	IPA 11⁽²⁾ (2) Médias seguidas pela mesma letra na coluna não diferem estatisticamente pelo Teste F a 5% de probabilidade.	Rio das Antas	IPA 11	Rio das Antas
0	3.62 a	2.59 b	2.91 a	3.02 a
70	2.30 b	2.85 a	4.21 a	2.88 b
140	2.96 a	2.71 a	3.33 a	2.85 a
210	2.63 a	2.47 a	3.69 a	2.97 b
280	2.96 a	2.96 a	3.40 a	2.47 b
350	3.08 a	2.59 a	3.16 a	2.59 a
420	3.20 a	2.47 b	3.13 a	3.06 a
Analysis of variance regressao⁽¹⁾ (1) na = nenhum modelo de regressão se ajustou aos dados.	na	na	na	na
Mean⁽³⁾ (3) Médias seguidas pela mesma letra na linha não diferem estatisticamente pelo Teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade.	2.96 a	2.66 b	3.41 a	2.84 b

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