CAN PUMPKIN BE USED AS A MELLIFEROUS PLANT?

DA SILVA, NATÁLIA CAMPOS; DE QUEIRÓZ, MANOEL ABILIO; BARBOSA, GRAZIELA DA SILVA; COUTINHO, MILENA DOS SANTOS; LIMA NETO, IZAIAS DA SILVA

doi:10.1590/1983-21252022v35n210rc

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Research Paper • Rev. Caatinga 35 (02) • Apr-Jun 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n210rc copy

CAN PUMPKIN BE USED AS A MELLIFEROUS PLANT?

A ABÓBORA PODE SER UTILIZADA COMO PLANTA MELÍFERA?

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper was to study nectar in male and female flowers of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch) accessions, aiming at evaluating the species potential as a melliferous plant. Two experiments were conducted in an experimental area of the State University of Bahia, at the Department of Technology and Social Sciences, in Juazeiro-BA, in the period from January to December 2017. Nectar volume, soluble solids, and pH were evaluated in the two floral types using 32 accessions and Tetsukabuto hybrid, which was used as check. Using a sample of accessions, the types of sugar present in the nectar were studied. Male flowers did not have significant differences in nectar traits; however, there was significant variation in female flowers in the first experiment and in both floral types in the second experiment. In male flowers in both experiments, the maximum volume of nectar was 310 μL and in female flowers it was 803 μL. The sugar concentration was around 24 °Brix. Sucrose was similar in both floral types and was higher than glucose and fructose contents, showing mean values of 1,306.13, 357.14 and 351.88 g.mL⁻¹, respectively. Obtaining progeny with contrasting characters in the accessions will be important for species improvement. These results indicate that pumpkin might be considered as a melliferous plant with great potential.

Keywords
Cucurbita moschata; Apis mellifera; Nectar; Germplasm; Variability

Code	Region of Origin	Year of collection
A01RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A02RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A03RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A05RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A07RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A08RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A10RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A12RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A13RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A14RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A15RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A16RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
A17RN	Mossoro -RN	2011
BGAbo-01	Petrolina-PE^* * Fruits obtained in open markets and supermarkets in Petrolina-PE;	2014
BGAbo-03	Petrolina-PE	2014
BGAbo-04	Petrolina-PE	2014
BGAbo-05	Petrolina-PE	2015
BGAbo-06	Petrolina-PE	2015
BGAbo-07	Petrolina-PE	2015
BGAbo-08	Petrolina-PE	2016
BGAbo-09	Petrolina-PE	2016
BGAbo-10	Petrolina-PE	2016
BGAbo-11	Petrolina-PE	2016
BGAbo-12	Petrolina-PE	2016
BGAbo-13	Petrolina-PE	2016
BGAbo-14	Petrolina-PE	2016
BGAbo-15	Petrolina-PE	2016
A04MP^ MP= Fruits produced in different municipalities acquired in the Farmers’ Market, Juazeiro-BA;	Casa Nova – BA	2017
A05MP	Casa Nova – BA	2017
A10MP	Santa Maria da Boa Vista – PE	2017
A16MP	Cura9a – BA	2017
A17MP	Cura9a – BA	2017
Tetsukabuto	Agristar^* ***** Hybrid Seed Supplier Company.	2017

Female Flower
Accession	Nectar Volume (μL)	Sugar Concentration (°Brix)
BGAbo – 03(² 2 Accession used in the first experiment, derived from the State of Pernambuco. )	400.00 abc(¹ 1 Means followed by the same lowercase letters do not differ statistically from each other using Tukey’s test at 5% significance level. )	16.22 ab
BGAbo – 04	133.00 c	12.38 ab
BGAbo – 05	400.00 abc	16.04 ab
BGAbo – 07	233.00 bc	20.69 a
BGAbo - 08	600.00 ab	16.00 ab
BGAbo - 09	200.00 bc	12.69 ab
BGAbo -10	250.00 bc	18.54 ab
BGAbo – 11	366.00 abc	10.36 b
BGAbo – 12	376.00 abc	17.59 ab
BGAbo – 13	803.00 a	15.91 ab
BGAbo – 14	363.00 abc	16.01 ab
Tetsukabuto	650.00 ab	20.12 a
Mean	397.83	16.04
Amplitude	670.00	10.33
CV (%)	38.77	18.41
F	4.92**	3.24**

	Male Flower		Female Flower
Accession	Nectar Volume (μL)	Sugar Concentration (°Brix)	Sugar Concentration (°Brix)
A01RN(² 2 RN= Rio Grande do Norte; )	100.00 ab(¹ 1 Means followed by the same lowercase letters do not differ statistically from each other using Tukey’s test at 5% significance level. )	20.33 a	19.51 ab
A02RN	210.00 ab	14.75 ab	19.03 ab
A03RN	197.00 ab	18.11 a	19.65 ab
A05RN	130.00 ab	19.36 a	22.64 a
A07RN	130.00 ab	18.29 a	0.00 b
A08RN	140.00 ab	16.22 ab	7.27 ab
A10RN	77.00 ab	10.79 ab	0.00 b
A12RN	110.00 ab	14.98 ab	17.22 ab
A13RN	140.00 ab	15.73 ab	16.79 ab
A14RN	210.00 ab	14.78 ab	20.72 a
A15RN	150.00 ab	17.00 a	16.10 ab
A16RN	170.00 ab	20.67 a	20.95 a
A17RN	30.00 b	4.01 b	4.33 ab
BGAbo-01(³ 3 Accession used in the first experiment, derived from the State of Pernambuco; )	250.00 ab	17.00 a	13.36 ab
BGAbo-05	300.00 a	15.82 ab	9.33 ab
BGAbo-06	230.00 ab	17.04 a	10.87 ab
BGAbo-12	180.00 ab	16.66 a	5.07 ab
BGAbo-14	200.00 ab	16.53 ab	10.88 ab
A04MP(⁴ 4 MP= Farmers’ Market, Juazeiro-BA. )	300.00 a	17.17 a	15.15 ab
A05MP	310.00 a	17.74 a	4.83 ab
A10MP	230.00 ab	21.42 a	6.77 ab
A16MP	280.00 ab	19.14 a	17.60 ab
A17MP	190.00 ab	19.60 a	12.38 ab
Tetsukabuto	100.00 ab	18.88 a	21.68 a
Mean	181.83	16.75	13.00
SFV2 Mean			14.19
Amplitude	280.00	17.41	22.64
CV (%)	45.82	23.71	56.63
F	2.35^ - significant at 1% probability level. Accessions collected at:	2.41^ - significant at 1% probability level. Accessions collected at:	3.15^ - significant at 1% probability level. Accessions collected at:

Male Flower
	Nectar Volume (μL)			Sugar Concentration (°Brix)
Accession	Experiment 1		Experiment 2	Experiment 1		Experiment 2
BGAbo-01	300.00 a		253.00 a	17.04 a		17.01 a
BGAbo-05	203.00 a		300.00 a	20.60 a		15.82 a
BGAbo-06	157.00 a		230.00 a	19.48 a		17.04 a
BGAbo-12	213.00 a		183.00 a	17.03 a		16.66 a
BGAbo-14	233.00 a		200.00 a	18.24 a		16.53 a
Tetsukabuto	167.00 a		100.00 a	17.70 a		18.88 a
Mean	212.16		211.00	18.35		16.99
Flower Female
	Nectar Volume (μL)			Sugar Concentration (°Brix)
Accession	Experiment 1		Experiment 2	Experiment 1		Experiment 2
BGAbo-01	0.00 b		133.00 a	0.00 b		13.37 ab
BGAbo-05	400.00 a		343.00 a	16.04 a		9.33 b
BGAbo-06	0.00 b		173.00 a	0.00 b		10.88 ab
BGAbo-12	377.00 a		120.00 a	17.59 a		5.07 b
BGAbo-14	363.00 ab		133.00 a	16.01 a		10.88 ab
Tetsukabuto	650.00 a		243.00 a	20.12 a		21.68 a
Mean	298.33		190.83	13.95		11.87
Accession		0.84 ns			0.79 ns
Environment		1.87 ns			5.16 ^ , * significant at 1% and 5% level, respectively.
Ac x E		2.82 ^ , * significant at 1% and 5% level, respectively.			3.00 ^* **, * significant at 1% and 5% level, respectively.

Female Flower
Accession	Sucrose g/mL	Glucose g/mL	Fructose g/mL
BGAbo-06(² 2 Accession used in the first experiment, derived from the State of Pernambuco; )	1,036.04 a	460.05 ab(¹ 1 Means followed by the same lowercase letters do not differ statistically from each other using the Tukey’s test at 5% significance level. Not significant = ns and significant at 1% **. )	464.64 ab
BGAbo-12	1,193.04 a	332.93 ab	258.65 c
A01RN(³ 3 RN= Rio Grande do Norte; )	1,262.23 a	290.79 b	275.13 c
A12RN	1,262.23 a	261.62 b	272.77 c
A14RN	1,341.59 a	561.86 a	492.59 a
A16RN	1,401.11 a	350.36 ab	351.25 abc
A04MP(⁴ 4 MP= Farmers' Market, Juazeiro, BA. )	1,447.41 a	357.75 ab	411.72 abc
A16MP	1,447.41 a	330.41 ab	296.45 bc
Tetsukabuto	1,364.08 a	268.47 b	343.73 abc
Mean	1,306.13	357.14	351.88
Amplitude	411.37	300.24	233.94
F	0.07^ns	4.38**	6.18**

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E-mail: caatinga@ufersa.edu.br

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