Yield of jambu crop fertilized with biofertilizer and fish farming effluent

Silva, Raimundo N. P. da; Ferreira, Cícero P.; Gusmão, Sérgio A. L.; Martins, Carmen G. D.; Costa, Deborah L. P.

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3812437rc

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Scientific Article • Rev. Caatinga 38 • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812437rc linkcopy

Yield of jambu crop fertilized with biofertilizer and fish farming effluent

Rendimento da cultura do jambu adubado com biofertilizante e efluente de piscicultura

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The cultivation of jambu (Acmella oleracea) is widely spread in the Amazon region, primarily due to its use in cuisine, pharmaceutical industry, and cosmetics. The cultivation is predominantly carried out by family farming, using animal manure for fertilization. Biofertilizers and aquaculture effluents are increasingly available on rural properties and, while they can become environmental pollutants, they also present an excellent alternative for crop fertilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of aquaculture effluent and biofertilizer on the yield of jambu (A. oleracea). The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Castanhal, Pará, in a completely randomized experimental design with six treatments: T1 - well water without fertilization (control); T2 - aquaculture effluent; T3 - 25% biofertilizer diluted in water; T4 - 50% biofertilizer diluted in water; T5 - 75% biofertilizer diluted in water; and T6 - 100% biofertilizer, with four replications. Parameters evaluated included fresh and dry mass of leaves, stems, inflorescences, and roots, proportions between plant organs, and yield. The main results showed that the 75% biofertilizer concentration treatment achieved the highest values for fresh leaf mass (195.06 g) and stem mass (383.33 g). The obtained values indicate that, considering the characteristics of the biofertilizer and soil used, it is advantageous to use concentrations above 50%. The use of undiluted biofertilizer negatively affects jambu production.

Keywords:
Acmella oleracea; Horticultural; Yield.

	C	OM	N	P	K	Ca	Ca+Mg	H+Al
	mg/dm³		%		mg/dm³		emol_c/dm³
4.81	3.88	6.70	0.06	2.94	13.00	0.7	0.90	4.39
Cu	Fe Mn	Zn	Na	Total CEC	Effective CEC	Base Saturation Aluminum Saturation (V) (m)
	mg/kg		mg/dm³		emol_c/dm³		%
0.29	466.36 5.70	0.97	3.65	5.34	1.48	17.79		35.83

pH	O₂	T(l)	TDS⁽²⁾	Cond.⁽³⁾	no₃	nh₃	Hardness	Alkalinity
	PPm	°C	PPm	mS/cm		-	- mg/L
5.0	5.09	28.26	26	0.52	0.002	0.003	0.3	0.5

PH	N	P	K			Ca	Mg	S
PH	_mg/L
7.1	23.0	8.0	-	10.0-	-	13.0	9.0	63.0
Na	Fe	Mn	Zn		Cu	OM	C organic	C/N
_mg/L						%
2.0	0.079	0.099	0.048		0.001	0.2	0.1	43.4

PH	N	P	K	Ca	Mg	S
PH	_mg/L
7.8	787	46	288	178	193	130
Na	Fe	Mn Zn	Cu	MO	C organic	C/N
_mg/L				%
195	1.2	1.004 0.079	0.013	0.2	0.1	12.7

	pH	C	OM	N	P	K	Na
	h₂o	g/kg	g/kg	%	-	mg. dm^-3 --	-
T1	5.02	7.02	12.12	0.07	2.94	16.07	5.12
T2	4.91	6.25	10.79	0.06	2.56	15.39	4.75
T3	5.23	5.92	10.20	0.06	2.41	17.10	21.93
T4	5.53	5.72	9.86	0.06	4.29	22.91	42.40
T5	5.74	6.75	11.64	0.06	8.06	25.99	57.75
T6	5.79	8.43	14.54	0.06	18.90	83.79	53.0
					Effective	Rase Saturation	Effective
	Al Ca	Ca+Mg	H+A1	ota
Treatment		Ca+Mg			CEC	(V)	Saturation (m)
		-	cmol_c/dm³-	-		-	%
T1	0.56	0.65	0.88 5.03	5.97	1.50	15.81	37.25
T2	0.58	0.53	0.87 4.99	5.92	1.51	15.72	38.41
T3	0.47	0.68	0.95 4.39	5.48	1.56	19.89	30.14
T4	0.26	0.80	1.35 4.05	5.64	1.85	28.23	14.03
T5	0.07	1.05	2.03 3.68	6.02	2.42	38.98	2.90
T6	0.04	1.25	2.91 3.19	6.54	3.40	51.28	1.18
		Fe	Zn		Cu		Mn

Treatment
			-	mg/kg		-
T1		408.93	1.0		0.41		10.77
T2		311.36	0.63		0.32		9.80
T3		331.14	0.43		0.28		7.35
T4		397.97	0.73		0.33		9.04
T5		360.24	0.51		0.35		7.57
T6		295.67	0.83		0.33		9.04

	FWL	FWS	FWLS	FWR	FWI
		-	g	-
T1	14.13d	6.29 d	20.30 d	6.21c	2.52 c
T2	24.84 d	9.92 d	34.80 d	10.76c	2.26 c
T3	111.83 c	95.53 c	207.38 c	41.14a	30.19a
T4	143.87b	164.50 ab	308.37 b	35.91a	31.04a
T5	195.06 a	188.27a	383.33 a	36.28 a	20.32 ab
T6	148.30b	135.39cd	283.68 b	25.57b	6.56 be
CV (%)	6.14	19.09	11.42	13.10	41.91

	DWL	DWS	DWR
		g
T1	0.74 c	0.64 c	0.61 c
T2	1.06 c	0.76 c	0.79 c
T3	25.87 b	23.30 ab	2.18 a
T4	25.84 b	24.32 a	1.48 b
T5	29.97 a	24.60 a	1.04 be
T6	23.28 b	19.45 b	0.84 c
CV (%)	8.34	11.85	17.65

	DMPL	DMPS	DMPR
T1	5.32 d	10.52 cd	10.51 a
T2	4.21 d	7.86 d	7.51 b
T3	23.28 a	24.63 a	5.37 c
T4	17.94 b	14.88 b	4.09 cd
T5	15.36 b	13.16 bc	2.87 de
T6	11.58 c	14.49 b	2.39 e
CV (%)	8.34	12.19	10.95

	Yield g.m^-2	Yield bunch.m^-2	FWL/FWS	NI	AFWI g. inflores^-1
T1	405.9 c	1.35 c	2.30 a	1.35 d	0.32 ab
T2	696.8 c	2.32 c	2.64 a	2.32 d	0.17 a
T3	4147.6 b	13.82 b	1.18 b	13.82 c	0.56 c
T4	6167.4 b	20.56 ab	0.89 b	20.56 b	0.43 bc
T5	7666.5 a	25.56 a	1.04 b	25.56 a	0.34 ab
T6	5673.4 b	18.91 b	1.12 b	18.91 b	0.25 ab
CV %	11.42	11.42	26.77	33.85	28.02

BL		RL
_cm
T1	16.68d	9.59b
T2	19.06d	10.51 ab
T3	45.78bc	13.26a
T4	53.65 a	12.52a
T5	53.12a	12.52 a
T6	39.7 be	11.79ab
CV %	13.56	16.45

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[TFN1] ⁽¹⁾
Temperature;

[TFN2] ⁽²⁾
Total Dissolved Solids;

[TFN3] ⁽³⁾
Conductivity.