AGRONOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SWEET POTATO GENOTYPES OBTAINED THROUGH CROSSBREEDING<sup/>

OLIVEIRA, DARLLAN JUNIOR LUIZ SANTOS FERREIRA DE; OTOBONI, MARIA EDUARDA FACIOLI; PAVAN, BRUNO ETTORE; FERNANDES, ADALTON MAZETTI; VARGAS, PABLO FORLAN

doi:10.1590/1983-21252022v35n411rc

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Agronomy • Rev. Caatinga 35 (4) • Oct-Dec 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n411rc copy

AGRONOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SWEET POTATO GENOTYPES OBTAINED THROUGH CROSSBREEDING¹ 1 Paper extracted from the first author's master's thesis.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO AGRONÔMICA DE GENÓTIPOS DE BATATA-DOCE OBTIDOS POR MEIO DE POLICRUZAMENTOS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The average national sweet potato yield of Brazil falls below the productive potential of the crop because of the cultivation of local and unimproved varieties. To improve this, more productive cultivars must be adopted along with adequate culture treatments. This study was conducted between January and May 2019 in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, to characterize sweet potato genotypes obtained through crossbreeding. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks containing 264 genotypes, the control (‘Beauregard’), and two replicates. Plant harvesting began 127 d after planting. After harvesting, the roots were washed and dried in a covered area ready for evaluation. The total, commercial, and non-commercial yield; total, commercial, and non-commercial root number; root dry matter content; and dry matter productivity were evaluated. The genotypes CERAT16-20, CERAT31-1, and CERAT21-2 are promising in terms of root production for household consumption because of their high productivity of commercial roots. In contrast, genotypes CERAT16-20, CERAT31-1, CERAT25-17, CERAT25-12, CERAT21-2, CERAT29-26, CERAT34-

4, CERAT31-11, and CERAT24-8 are promising for industry because of the high production of dry mass per hectare. The main components, total number of commercial roots, production of non-commercial roots, mass of commercial roots, total production of dry mass of roots, mass of roots, and total production of roots have a low contribution to the discrimination of the genotypes; therefore, their analysis can be discarded in future studies, under the same soil and climate conditions, thus reducing workload, expense, and time.

Keywords
Ipomoea batatas L; Genetic enhancement; Productivity

CV	PT	PC	PNC	PPC	TNR	NCR	NNCR	MR	MRC	MRNC	DM	TDM
$σ_{e}^{2}$	82.79	71.37	1845	0.14	3080	1928	8676	0.002	0.005	0.002	13.93	8.36
$σ_{g}^{2}$	85.23	75.7	866	0.08	6916	3022	9404	0.032	0.1	0.0001	3.4	6.9
$h_{g}^{2}$ %	50.7±	51.47 ±	31.95±	37.52±	69.18±	61.05±	52.01±	93.15±	5.24±	6.83±	19.63±	45.20±
$h_{m}^{2}$	16.34	16.46	12.97	15.05	19.08	17.93	16.55	22.14	22.39	6.00	10.17	15.43
CVe%	67.3	67.97	48.43	54.57	81.78	75.81	68.43	96.45	97.56	12.8	32.82	62.26
CVe%	24.61	26.01	124.69	4.06	13.76	14.7	97.42	18.9	6.03	79.79	12.87	27.08

Code^#	Genotype	PT t ha^-1	PC t ha^-1	PNC t ha^-1	%PC %	TNR Root ha^-1	NCR Root ha^-1	NNCR Root ha^-1	MR Kg	MRC Kg	MRNC Kg	DM %	TDM t ha^-1
6	CERAT16-13	10.45g	9.10 f	1.35 a	86.99 a	63.127 d	37.876 f	25.251 a	0.172 e	0.250 f	0.056 a	27.66 b	2.85 e
9	CERAT16-19	11.29 g	10.05 f	1.24 a	88.49 a	58.919 d	33.668 f	25.251 a	0.196 e	0.298 e	0.040 a	28.86 b	3.24 e
11	CERAT16-20	71.99 a	70.41 a	1.58 a	97.79 a	1.466 c	116.838 d	29.168 a	0.493 d	0.602 f	0.058 a	26.76 b	19.29 a
14	CERAT16-25	33.83 d	26.67 d 7.16 b		78.79 a	248.301 b	122.046 d	126.255 b	0.136 e	0.218 f	0.057 a	27.59 b	9.29 c
18	CERAT21-2	62.62 b	62.52 a	0.10 a	99.83 a	137.587 c	92.077 d	510 a	0.193 e	0.243 e	0.058 a	27.88 b	17.45 a
20	CERAT21-5	42.79 c	39.08 c	3.70 a	91.27 a	105.212 c	102.295 d	53.419 a	0.292 e	0.321 e	0.007 a	30.34 a	13.05 c
23	CERAT21-7	14.02 f	14.02 e	0.00 a	100.00 a	84.170 d	21.042 f	0.00 a	0.385 d	0.596 d	0.000 a	26.45 b	3.72 e
25	CERAT21-10	16.43 f	11.87 e	4.56 a	73.77 a	126.255 c	54.710 e	71.544 a	0.129 e	0.219 f	0.060 a	29.28 b	4.79 d
32	CERAT21-27	21.87 f	21.12 e	0.75 a	96.53 a	502 d	29.459 f	21.042 a	0.445 d	0.188 f	0.018 a	24.85 b	5.44 d
33	CERAT23-25	23.89 f	10.73 e	13.15 c	45.13 b	309.846 a	64.836 e	245.010 d	0.077 e	0.166 f	0.053 a	28.85 b	6.88 d
42	CERAT24-8	60.08 b	53.41 b 6.66 b		88.78 a	200.425 b	108.338 d	92.087 b	0.299 e	0.493 f	0.072 a	32.45 a	19.47 a
41	CERAT24-17	25.87 e	16.47 e	9.40 c	66.45 a	332.471 a	138.880 c	193.591 c	0.078 e	0.129 f	0.046 a	17.90 b	4.69 d
48	CERAT24-28	22.29 f	11.58 e	10.70 c	50.26 b	273.552 a	71.544 e	202.008 c	0.081 e	0.158 e	0.053 a	26.50 b	5.87 d
49	CERAT24-30	26.62 e	19.35 e	7.27 b	73.00 a	401.429 a	125.212 d	276.216 d	0.066 e	0.155 f	0.026 a	27.80 b	7.39 d
52	CERAT25-1	29.70 e	27.70 d	19.99 a	93.22 a	397.259 a	140.085 c	257.174 d	0.074 e	0.197 f	0.750 a	28.09 b	8.37 c
51	CERAT25-7	21.54 f	14.35 e	7.18 b	67.62 a	214.633 b	79.961 d	134.672 b	0.111 e	0.181 f	0.048 a	29.07 b	6.29 d
55	CERAT25-12	53.04 b	44.71 b 8.33 b		84.27 a	191.256 b	85.038 d	106.218 c	0.277 e	0.528 f	0.078 a	31.25 a	16.57 c
56	CERAT25-17	45.77 c	34.95 d	10.78 c	76.43 a	324.785 a	177.323 b	147.462 b	0.140 e	0.197 e	0.073 a	36.09 a	16.51 a
58	CERAT25-28	12.70 g	4.89 f	7.89 b	38.78 b	218.842 b	33.668 f	185.174 c	0.070 e	0.072 f	0.004 a	23.21 b	2.95 e
63	CERAT26-12	8.95 g	6.31 f	2.64 a	75.00 a	79.961 d	29.459 f	502 a	0.151 e	0.214 f	0.026 a	33.14 a	2.94 e
70	CERAT26-18	3.60 g	3.60 f	0.00 a	100.00 a	12.625 d	12.625 f	0.00 a	0.304 e	0.304 e	0.000 a	30.67 a	1.076 e
80	CERAT29-17	6.93 g	1.04 f	5.89 b	16.34 c	269,344 a	4.208 f	265.135 d	0.025 e	0.124 f	0.022 a	26.32 b	1.82 e
85	CERAT29-26	55.35 b	45.87 b	9.47 c	82.77 a	323.012 a	200.550 b	122.461 b	0.171 e	0.230 e	0.077 a	31.79 a	17.64 a
87	CERAT31-1	76.17 a	71.44 a	4.72 a	93.37 a	277.761 a	185.174 b	92.587 b	0.275 e	0.383 f	0.049 a	27.62 b	21.14 a
91	CERAT31-11	52.90 c	50.09 b	28.47 c	94.60 a	291.837 a	231.732 a	60.104 d	0.18 e	0.210 e	0.05 a	34.15 a	18.08 a
99	CERAT34-4	62.87 b	52.28 b	10.58 c	83.77 a	319.846 a	176.757 b	143.089 b	0.196 e	0.305 f	0.067 a	28.06 b	17.65 a
116	CERAT35-4	11.22 g	11.22 e	0.00 a	100.00 a	25.251 d	25.251 f	0.00 a	0.550 d	0.550 e	0.000 a	34.21 a	3.84 e
131	CERAT37-15	1.64 g	0.00 f	1.64 a	0.00 c	32.177 d	0.00 f	32.177 a	0.057 e	0.000 f	0.057 a	33.84 a	0.55 e
133	CERAT37-19	14.14 f	14.14 e	0.00 a	100.00 a	42.085 d	42.085 f	0.00 a	0.342 d	0.342 e	0.000 a	32.24 a	4.52 d
144	CERAT51-9	9.94 g	6.14 f	3.79 a	61.86 b	145.475 c	40.987 f	104.488 b	0.042 e	0.242 f	0.036 a	27.20 b	1.67 e
148	CERAT51-16	1.41 g	1.41 f	0.00 a	100.00 a	8.417 d	8.417 f	0.00 a	0.168 e	0.168 f	0.000 a	32.36 a	0.47 e
152	CERAT51-30	59.33 b	45.50 b	13.83 c	76.58 a	320.927 a	144.546 c	176.380 c	0.184 e	0.315 f	0.078 a	26.27 b	15.59 b
153	CERAT51-31	30.01 e	14.56 e 15.48 c		49.84 b	328.263 a	67.336 e	260.927 d	0.092 e	0.223 f	0.058 a	26.99 b	8.12 c
155	CERAT52-1	2.969 g	0.00 f	2.96 a	0.00 c	50.168 d	0.00 f	50.168 a	0.059 e	0.000 f	0.059 a	42.14 a	1.25 e
160	CERAT52-9	19.70 f	19.70 e	0.00 a	100.00 a	40.251 d	40.251 f	12.625 a	0.484 d	0.484 e	0.000 a	34.02 a	6.63 d
171	CERAT52-25	25.65 e	25.30 d	0.35 a	98.57 a	16,210 d	15,923 f	33,668 a	1.582 a	1.589 b	0.000 a	31.71 a	8.13 c
173	CERAT52-28	8.06 g	8.06 f	0.00 a	100.00 a	37.876 d	37.876 f	46.293 a	0.206 e	0.206 f	0.000 a	26.94 b	2.16 e
207	CERAT60-22	1.09 g	0.00 f	1.09 a	0.00 c	24.353 d	0.00 f	19.353 a	0.045 e	0.000 f	0.060 a	33.36 a	0.36 e
210	CERAT60-27	1.17 g	0.00 f	1.17 a	0.00 c	16.261 d	0.00 f	16.261 a	0.072 e	0.000 f	0.072 a	30.03 a	0.33 e
	TEST	19.58 f	14.00 e	5.58 b	52.15 b	171.320 b	70.694 e	100.626 b	0.105 e	0.183 a	0.052 a	22.14 b	0.05 d
	CV	14.84	18.68	36.15	19.66	17.17	20.9	32.85	17.35	20.15	45.18	6.65	16.31
	Amount F	10.017^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.	8.96^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.	3.91^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.	2.45^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.	7.20^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.	5.33^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.	4.74^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.	6.77^{^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.}	5.47^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.	1.24^ns	2.02^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.	8.32^{^ Significant at the 1% level; ns not significant; CV = coefficient of variation. Means followed by the same letter were grouped using the Skott-Knott method at the 5% level.}

	PT	PC	PNC	PPC	TNR	NCR	NNCR	MR	MRC	MRNC	TDM	DM
PT	1.00	0.96	0.33	-0.03	0.45	0.54	0.15	0.04	-0.02	0.26	0.93	-0.06
PC	0.16	1.00	0.08	0.23	0.28	0.49	-0.01	0.15	0.04	0.21	0.89	-0.07
PNC	0.46	-0.39	1.00	-0.82	0.59	0.29	0.61	-0.27	-0.16	0.17	0.02	0.33
PPC	0.41	0.78	-0.13	1.00	-0.52	-0.12	-0.52	0.39	0.23	-0.24	-0.10	-0.08
TNR	0.78	0.31	0.37	0.67	1.00	0.78	0.76	-0.65	-0.51	-0.06	-0.03	0.45
NCR	0.08	0.83	-0.39	0.90	0.29	1.00	0.32	-0.48	-0.61	0.04	0.01	0.56
NNCR	0.39	-0.31	0.46	-0.36	0.00	-0.40	1.00	-0.38	-0.18	-0.18	-0.02	0.15
MR	0.46	-0.12	0.47	-0.13	0.02	-0.20	0.76	1.00	0.85	0.03	0.07	0.04
MRC	-0.03	0.12	-0.10	-0.00	0.00	-0.01	-0.09	-0.08	1.00	-0.11	-0.02	-0.06
MRNC	-0.12	-0.04	-0.06	-0.10	-0.08	-0.10	-0.07	-0.12	-0.02	1.00	0.08	0.28
TDM	0.93	0.39	0.31	0.56	0.76	0.27	0.26	0.35	0.01	0.11	1.00	0.28
DM	-0.07	0.18	-0.14	0.19	0.06	0.21	-0.12	-0.09	-0.05	-0.16	0.05	1.00

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AGRONOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SWEET POTATO GENOTYPES OBTAINED THROUGH CROSSBREEDING1 1 Paper extracted from the first author's master's thesis.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO AGRONÔMICA DE GENÓTIPOS DE BATATA-DOCE OBTIDOS POR MEIO DE POLICRUZAMENTOS

ABSTRACT

AGRONOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SWEET POTATO GENOTYPES OBTAINED THROUGH CROSSBREEDING¹ 1 Paper extracted from the first author's master's thesis.