RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ENTISOLS-FLUVENTS AND EROSION IN THE SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER

ARAÚJO FILHO, RENISSON NEPONUCENO; HOLANDA, FRANCISCO SANDRO RODRIGUES; CUNHA FILHO, MOACYR; PISCOYA, VICTOR CASIMIRO; MELO NETO, JOSE DE OLIVEIRA; GUIMARÃES, DANIELLE VIEIRA

doi:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n218rc

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Agricultural Engineering • Rev. Caatinga 34 (2) • Apr-Jun 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n218rc copy

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ENTISOLS-FLUVENTS AND EROSION IN THE SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER

RELAÇÕES ENTRE OS ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS E QUIMICOS DO NEOSSOLO FLUVICO E OS PROCESSOS EROSIVOS NO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The intense anthropization in the lower São Francisco River and surrounding areas can lead to environmental degradation risks and, above all, makes the area more susceptible to soil erosion. This study aimed to identify and correlate the physical and chemical properties able to enhance erosive processes and slope instability in the watercourse margins of the lower São Francisco River, in Sergipe State, Brazil. To this end, disturbed and undisturbed samples of an Entisol-Fluvent soil were collected in the region, specifically in the city of Amparo de São Francisco. Physical (density, porosity, and texture) and chemical (pH, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, micro-, and macronutrients) analyses were performed. All physical properties and organic carbon contents were higher in the surface layers (Ap and AC) compared to the others. Organic carbon, phosphorus, and micronutrients had a negative correlation with soil density, showing higher contents and lower soil densities in the Ap and AC layers. The pedological characteristics of the evaluated soil layers are unable to provide soil resistance to water erosion.

Keywords:
Lower São Francisco River; Environmental degradation; Soil stability

Layer	Depth (cm)	Color		Structure	Consistency			Transition
Layer	Depth (cm)	Moist	Dry	Structure	Dry	Moist	Wet	Transition
Ap	0-2.5	10YR ³/₄	-	1 2 Gr	-	MFr	-	cp
AC	2.6-23	10YR ³/₄	-	2 3 Bls M	MD	-	LgPlPe	gc
C1	24-69	10YR ⁴/₄	-	2 Bls M	-	Fr	LgPlPe	pc
C2	70-109	7.5YR ⁴/₄	-	2 Bls	-	Fr	LgPlPe	pc
C3	110-153	5YR ⁴/₄	-	1 2 Bls P	-	-	LgPlPe	pd
C4	154-195	10YR ⁴/₆	-	1 2 Bls P	-	-	Pe	-

Layer	Coarse Sand	Fine Sand	Total Sand	Silt	Clay	WDC	BD	PD	TP	DI
Layer	----------------------------------g kg^-1-----------------------------						--g cm^-3--		%
Ap	94.48	119.84	214.31	249.89	535.80	452.52	1.48	2.43	39.01	0.84456
AC	100.53	89.76	190.29	249.71	559.99	414.43	1.55	2.46	36.95	0.74007
C1	100.37	169.59	269.96	229.94	500.10	0.16	1.64	2.50	34.46	0.00032
C2	100.46	69.85	170.31	259.92	569.77	0.19	1.68	2.47	32.25	0.00035
C3	100.39	159.95	260.34	239.78	499.88	0.13	1.75	2.43	28.07	0.00027
C4	1.20	609.39	610.59	139.65	249.77	0.09	1.75	2.47	29.25	0.00040

Layer	Ca	Mg	K	Na	Al	H+Al	BS	t	T	m	V	SOM
		------------------------------cmol_cdm^-3--------------------------								------%------		g kg^-1
Ap	8.14	4.00	1.31	0.12	0.00	2.60	13.57	13.57	16.17	0.00	83.92	11.99
AC	4.70	3.06	1.55	0.16	0.00	2.60	9.46	9.46	12.06	0.00	78.44	3.31
C1	4.14	2.62	1.01	0.24	2.14	5.60	8.01	10.15	13.61	21.07	58.85	1.37
C2	5.10	3.08	0.51	0.07	2.90	8.72	8.77	11.67	17.49	24.87	50.12	1.20
C3	5.16	3.58	0.23	0.04	1.02	3.92	9.01	10.03	12.93	10.18	69.67	1.17
C4	2.30	1.94	0.04	0.02	0.00	1.20	4.30	4.30	5.50	0.00	78.17	0.32

Layer	pH	P	C
		mg kg^-1	g kg^-1
Ap	6.14	92.00	6.96
AC	6.16	10.60	1.92
C1	5.20	2.32	0.80
C2	4.80	1.00	0.70
C3	5.22	1.96	0.68
C4	6.30	2.88	0.19

Layer	Zn	Cu	Mn	Fe
	---------------------------------------mg kg^-1-------------------------------------
Ap	11.09	8.11	83.09	285.35
AC	4.92	4.72	3.61	121.49
C1	4.32	3.52	24.30	103.71
C2	4.61	4.00	26.18	103.72
C3	4.31	3.10	26.02	83.76
C4	4.12	2.61	11.60	23.71

Variable	Ca¹	Mg¹	K¹	Na¹	Al¹	H+Al¹¹	BS¹	t¹	T¹	m¹	V¹
Grit	0.62^***	0.70^***	0.57^**	0.52^**	0.42^*	0.54^**	0.70^***	0.84^***	0.85^***	0.43^*	-0.34
Fine Sand	-0.68^***	-0.73^***	-0.62^***	-0.47^**	-0.39^*	-0.56^**	-0.75^***	-0.88^***	-0.90^***	-0.39^*	0.32
Sand Total	-0.69^***	-0.73^***	-0.62^***	-0.46^*	-0.38^*	-0.56^**	-0.76^***	-0.88^***	-0.90^***	-0.37^*	0.31
Silt	0.72^***	0.77^***	0.59^***	0.41^*	0.38^*	0.56^**	0.78^***	0.90^***	0.92^***	0.37^*	-0.31
Clay	0.68^***	0.72^***	0.64^***	0.48^**	0.38^*	0.56^**	0.75^***	0.88^***	0.90^***	0.37^*	-0.31
WDC	0.65^***	0.54^**	0.82^***	0.27	-0.62^***	-0.43^*	0.72^***	0.44^*	0.24	-0.64^***	0.68^***
BD	-0.72^***	-0.54^**	-0.90^***	-0.56^**	0.31	0.15	-0.79^***	-0.63^***	-0.47^**	0.32	-0.40^*

Variable	pH¹	P¹	C¹
Grit	-0.52^**	0.15	0.26
Fine Sand	0.48^**	-0.22	-0.34
Sand Total	0.46^*	-0.23	-0.35
Silt	-0.46^*	0.22	0.34
Clay	-0.48^**	0.25	0.36^*
WDC	0.61^***	0.75^***	0.82^***
BD	-0.37^*	-0.77^***	-0.84^***

Variable	Zn¹	Cu¹	Mn¹	Fe¹
Grit (g kg^-1)	0.20	0.37^*	0.25	0.48^**
Fine Sand (g kg^-1)	-0.27	-0.46^**	-0.28	-0.55^**
Sand Total (g kg^-1)	-0.29	-0.48^**	-0.29	-0.56^**
Silt (g kg^-1)	0.31	0.49^**	0.33	0.57^***
Clay (g kg^-1)	0.28	0.48^**	0.27	0.55^**
WDC (g kg^-1)	0.75^***	0.85^***	0.46^**	0.78^***
BD (g cm^-3)	-0.77^***	-0.89^***	-0.57^**	-0.86^***

Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido Avenida Francisco Mota, número 572, Bairro Presidente Costa e Silva, Cep: 5962-5900, Telefone: 55 (84) 3317-8297 - Mossoró - RN - Brazil
E-mail: caatinga@ufersa.edu.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] *Corresponding author